Visual Climate Change Communication: From Iconography to Locally Framed 3D Visualization

Climate change is an urgent problem with implications registered not only globally, but also on national and local scales. It is a particularly challenging case of environmental communication because its main cause, greenhouse gas emissions, is invisible. The predominant approach of making climate change visible is the use of iconic, often affective, imagery. Literature on the iconography of climate change shows that global iconic motifs, such as polar bears, have contributed to a public perception of the problem as spatially and temporally remote. This paper proposes an alternative approach to global climate change icons by focusing on recognizable representations of local impacts within an interactive game environment. This approach was implemented and tested in a research project based on the municipality of Delta, British Columbia. A major outcome of the research is Future Delta, an interactive educational game featuring 3D visualizations and simulation tools for climate change adaptation and mitigation future scenarios. The empirical evaluation is based on quantitative pre/post-game play questionnaires with 18 students and 10 qualitative expert interviews. The findings support the assumption that interactive 3D imagery is effective in communicating climate change. The quantitative post-questionnaires particularly highlight a shift in support of more local responsibility.     

Measuring the effectiveness of San Francisco’s planning standard for pedestrian wind comfort

ABSTRACT

In 1985, San Francisco adopted a wind comfort standard in its Downtown Area Plan in response to increasing concerns about the city’s downtown public open spaces becoming excessively windy. After 30 years of implementation, this study revisits the standard and examines its effectiveness in promoting pedestrian comfort. Seven hundred one valid samples were collected from 6 months of field study, which combined surveying pedestrians and on-site collection of microclimate data. Statistical analysis and an assessment using the physiological equivalent temperature show that 11 mph (4.92 m/s), the comfort criterion in places for walking, performs as an effective determinant of outdoor comfort in San Francisco. This study sheds light on climate-resilience of cities, as they have become key urban challenges today.     

初秋季节毛竹林小气候及其人体舒适度的日变化

以无锡市惠山森林公园毛竹林和青山公园毛竹林为研究对象,对其林内和林缘的小气候日变化情况进行了定量化研究。结果表明：1）惠山森林公园与青山公园的相对湿度日变化皆呈先减后增趋势,均在13：00达到极值。林内相对湿度分别为67．6％、65．6％,林缘相对湿度分别为61．8％、63．4％;温度和综合舒适指数日变化皆呈先增后减趋势,也均在13：00达到极值,林内温度分别为28．2℃、27．5℃,林缘分别为29．8℃、28．9℃;林内综合舒适指数分别3．5、3．2,林缘综合舒适指数分别4．8、4．1。2）08：00～17：00林内人体舒适度高于林缘,其他时刻人体舒适度低于林缘。3）与密度较大的惠山森林公园竹林相比,青山公园竹林综合舒适指数降低了0．1～0．7,平均值为0．3,即密度较小的青山公园竹林调节城市小气候的功能最佳,为秋初时节人们户外活动提供了一个良好的选择。     

目视安全管理在升船机工程施工中的应用研究

升船机工程施工具有工期长、任务紧、电力生产与工程建设并行、临工作业队伍多、人员和机械设备流动性大、多工种立体交叉作业等特点,加之不安全因素随着工程形象进度的延伸而不断变化,导致升船机工程施工安全事故呈现随机性、多样性和突发性等特征。提出一种目视安全管理在升船机工程施工中的应用方法,通过对施工现场的人、机、料、法、环(4M1E)进行目视安全管理,从"人身安全"、"安全信号"、"安全心理"三个方面的需要,利用视觉化的工具,通过安全色、标签、标牌等可视化方式传达必要的安全信息,达到现场作业人员进行自主管理、自我控制的效果。实践证明,这种方法不仅可以提高施工现场安全管理工作效率,减小安全事故发生机率,还可以为其他水利水电工程安全管理提供借鉴。     

某铀矿九种优势草本植物铀的测定

研究探讨通过植物吸收来修复铀污染的可能性.首先采用"无样地取样法"对南方某铀矿植物群落进行调研,再用"5Br-PADAP显色目视比色法"研究并测定了从中筛选到的芒、狗尾草、鬼针草、野棉花、辣蓼、律草、商陆、凤尾蕨和鸭跖草九种优势草本植物铀含量的差异.结果表明,测得的样品土壤中铀含量在120 μg/g左右,而芒草、鸭跖草...     

Developing Communication Strategies for Mitigating Actions Against Global Warming: Linking Framing and a Dual Processing Model

Although there is increasing public awareness of global warming, there is a gap between such perception and relevant actions to combat the problem. In order to develop effective strategies for facilitating public actions, in this paper we draw upon framing theory and a dual processing model. Based on an experiment involving 261 participants from a large public university in Taiwan, this study found that by framing global warming as a local issue, communication messages can trigger both analytic (issue relevance) and affective (negative emotions) appraisals, which, in turn, will increase people's intentions to take actions. This study provides important insights for government and environmental groups when designing communication campaigns on this issue.     

基于AutoCAD VBA的轿车滚形轮辋下料尺寸自动计算

利用AutoCADVBA开发了一种根据产品图快速准确地确定轿车滚形轮辋理论下料宽度和下料长度自动计算程序。此程序在轮辋产品工艺设计及新产品开发中具有较大的现实意义。     

露天煤矿土地复垦适宜性评价专家系统设计

根据大型露煤矿土地复垦适宜性评价的特点，利用可视化语言VC 6．0实现了基于以产生式规则作为知识表达方式的大型露天煤矿土地复垦专家系统的知识库可视化设计。该研究易于应用在具有不同条件下露天矿土地复垦中利用方向和适宜性评价问题。     

基于深度学习的输煤皮带故障视觉检测方法研究

为了更好地检测皮带跑偏、撕裂和异物干扰等严重影响皮带安全运行的故障状态,围绕相关问题产生的原因及检测方法开展深入研究,通过对纵/横向裂缝、异物的检测分析、实验,提高基于视觉的检测精度。提出基于Canny边缘检测算法的皮带跑偏检测算法;基于深度学习的横向与纵向撕裂检测,尤其对于裂缝与纵向纹理区分不明显情况,提出一种红光透射的判别方式;基于最小距离分类算法将识别异物转换为分类问题,利用机器学习的方法对样本进行训练并建立无异物阈值,通过提取特征,最后利用最小距离分类算法得到有无异物的结果。研究结果表明:提出的视觉检测系统可以实时高效地检测出输煤皮带常见的3种故障,可进一步保障运输系统安全运行。     

缓解西北地区缺水问题的新途径——提高农村机械化,调整生产与消费结构

根据虚拟水与水足迹的理论与计算方法,对我国西北和中部地区虚拟水含量进行研究.首先计算2000年江西省主要农产品虚拟水含量和城乡居民生活消费虚拟水含量,得出粮食作物的虚拟水含量为284.81×108 m3;城镇居民人均消费主要产品的虚拟水量为768.27 m3;农村居民人均消费主要产品的虚拟水含量为670.17 m3.然后在前人计算结果的基础上,将江西省与陕西省的城乡居民生活消费虚拟水含量进行比较分析,发现城镇居民人均消费粮食虚拟水含量都低于农村居民,陕西省居民人均消费虚拟水含量中粮食虚拟水含量比重大于江西省居民.通过进一步研究居民的消费结构,得出调整区域生产与消费结构,增加虚拟水贸易,是缓解我国西北地区水资源短缺与社会经济发展矛盾的新途径的结论,并指出调整农村消费结构的关键是提高农业生产的机械化.