PTA装置精制单元废水二次回用技术探讨

PTA装置的外排废水是化工生产废水中COD含量较高、外排量较大、较难处理的废水.在未来几年内,开发精制废水二次回用技术将是精对苯二甲酸装置节能降耗的最佳途径.该技术的开发成功将促进PTA装置节能降耗工作跃上一个新台阶,可以有效提高装置的市场竞争力.     

生物细胞载体的制备方法

该专利公开了一种生物细胞载体的制备方法。其制备工艺为：(1)制备生物细胞载体专用树脂；(2)制备生物细胞载体的中空纤维；(3)生物细胞载体致孔剂处理。该发明具有制备工艺简单，操作方便，生物细胞载体比重小、柔软、耐生物腐蚀和纤维壁微孔分布均匀，纵横交叉密度大等优点，适用于培养生物细胞的生长载体、废水处理工程的微生物生长载体、水净化工程的反渗透膜和蓄电池的隔离膜等。／CN1556207，2004—12—22     

水泥厂一氧化碳中毒的应急救援

在生产过程中,水泥厂煤粉制备、原料煅烧等工艺环节会产生大量烟尘、粉尘。同时,由于碳的不完全燃烧还会生成少量一氧化碳（CO）等有毒有害气体,这些气体会在原料磨、收尘器、煤粉库以及窑尾、窑头等密闭空间内积聚,检修过程中极易发生一氧化碳中毒事故,造成人员伤亡。     

负载壳聚糖膨润土的制备及其吸附性能的影响

以天然膨润土和壳聚糖为原料，制得一种新型水处理剂——负载壳聚糖膨润土，研究了制备条件对酸性大红印染废水处理效果的影响。实验表明，当壳聚糖的浓度为30 g/L、膨润土质量与壳聚糖溶液体积之比为0.7、浸泡时间80 min、微烘时间15 min时，壳聚糖改性膨润土对酸性大红印染废水的脱色率可达97%。对改性土进行比表面积测定、电镜扫描及X-射线衍射等结构特性分析，证明壳聚糖的引入改变了膨润土在水中的分散状态，增强了其对污染物的吸附和离子交换能力。     

离子交换膜的制备及发展趋势研究

总结当前离子交换膜制备技术的发展状况.从膜的分类及膜性能出发,讨论均相膜及异相膜的差异和今后各自的发展前景,并就提升膜单方面性能(如:选择透过性、离子交换容量、膜电阻、抗氧化性等)的方式进行归纳总结.离子交换膜的改进制备大多从结构上入手,提出今后膜制备的主要研究方向为:深化均相膜制备技术、结合国内成熟的离子交换树脂制备工艺改进异相膜的制备技术.     

环境友好型能源生物柴油的制备方法研究进展

生物柴油因具有良好的环境友好性和可再生性而越来越受到人们的重视。本文介绍了生物柴油几种主要制备方法,包括直接混合法、微乳液法和酯交换法等,并总结了这些方法存在的优缺点,最后对生物柴油的研究方向提出了展望。     

氮氟掺杂二氧化钛(N,F-TiO2)的制备及可见光催化活性的研究

以氨水为氮源,氢氟酸为氟源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氮氟掺杂二氧化钛(N,F-TiO2)光催化剂,并通过X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)技术对其晶型和形态进行表征.最后以酸性红B为模型污染物,探讨了N和F加入量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、照射时间、催化剂用量、溶液初始浓度和照射功率等因素对N,F-TiO2可见光催化活性的影响.结果表明,制备的N,F-TiO2以锐钛型为主,N和F的掺杂对TiO2的晶相没有明显改变,但可以扩大TiO2的可见光响应范围.当N和F的加入量均为2.0%,且在500℃下焙烧40 min时,得到的N,F-TiO2的可见光催化活性明显高于单N或单F掺杂的TiO2(N-TiO2或F-TiO2).对于50 mL浓度为10.0 mg·L-1的酸性红B溶液,当催化剂加入量为1.5 g·L-1,128W光照3.0 h,溶液pH=5.6时,去除率为85.40%.适当延长光照时间至4.0 h,降解率几乎可达100%.另外,研究还证明了N,F-TiO2催化可见光降解过程中有.OH自由基生成.     

OMS-2负载Pt催化剂的制备及其催化氧化性能研究

采用前掺杂法、沉积-沉淀法和浸渍法制备了氧化锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2)负载Pt催化剂(Pt/OMS-2),对所制催化剂进行了结构和织构表征。并研究了不同制备方法和沉积-沉淀法中不同制备(Pt负载量和溶液的pH值)对Pt/OMS-2催化氧化CO性能的影响。结果表明,沉积-沉淀法制备的Pt/OMS-2-DP催化剂活性最好(T100=100℃)。这与Pt/OMS-2-DP催化剂中Pt颗粒大小及OMS-2载体与Pt之间存在强相互作用有关。Pt负载量明显影响Pt/OMS-2-DP催化剂的催化活性,3Pt/OMS-2-DP催化剂(Pt=3.0 wt%)催化活性最高,这是由于适当Pt负载量,Pt颗粒较小,并与载体OMS-2的相互作用较强,能较好地活化OMS-2晶格氧。pH值对Pt/OMS-2-DP催化剂催化性能影响较大,这与OMS-2的等电点和Pt在不同溶液中存在不同Pt配位体形式有关。     

Fabrication and photoelectrocatalytic properties of nanocrystalline monoclinic BiVO4 thin-film electrode

Monoclinic bismuth vanadate(BiVO4) thin film was fabricated on indium-tin oxide glass from an amorphous heteronuclear complex via dip-coating.After annealation at 400,500,and 600°C,the thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and UV-Vis spectrophotometry.The BiVO4 particles on the ITO glass surface had a monoclinic structure.The UV-Visible diffuse reflection spectra showed the BiVO4 thin film had photoabsorption propertie...     

Preparation and coagulation efficiency of polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride composite coagulant from wastewater of high-purity graphite production

The aim of the present work was to produce a polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride (PAFSiC) coagulant from acidic and alkaline wastewater of purifying graphite by roasting, and subsequently to evaluate coagulation efficiency of the reagent by treating surface water from the Yellow River as well as municipal wastewater in comparison with the conventional coagulant polyaluminium chloride (PAC). The PAFSiC coagulant was prepared by co-polymerization. The effects of (Al+Fe)/Si molar ratio, OH/(Al+Fe) molar ratio (i.e., value), coagulant dosage and pH value of test suspension on the coagulation behavior of FAFSiC and the stability of the PAFSiC were also examined. Results showed that PAFSiC performed more efficiently than PAC in removing turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphate (TP). The PAFSiC with a value of 2.0 and (Al+Fe)/Si ratio of 5 (PAFSiC 2.0/5) showed excellent coagulation effect for both turbidity and COD, while PAFSiC 1.0/5 was the best for TP. The optimum coagulation pH range of PAFSiC 2.0/5 was 5.0–9.0, slightly wider than that of PAC (6.0–8.0). The process can be easily incorporated into high-purity graphite production plants, thereby reducing wastewater pollution and producing a valuable coagulant.