Roles of pyrolysis on availability,species and distribution of Cu and Zn in the swine manure: Chemical extractions and high-energy synchrotron analyses

Animal manures generally contain high levels of heavy metals that may pose a significant threat to soil and groundwater qualities. Pyrolysis as means of reducing metal availability in such feed stocks is recently encouraged, but systematic studies are currently lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of pyrolysis temperature on the availability of Cu and Zn by chemical extraction, to determine the speciation of Cu and Zn by synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy, and finally to investigate the phase distribution of metal species in the carbonaceous materials by combining acid–base extractions and absorption spectroscopy data. The results showed that both Cu and Zn in the swine manure were mainly bound to organic functional groups. Cu (II) reduction and Cu (I)–S complexes were observed during the pyrolysis process. Zn species resembling ZnAc₂ was still dominant, being 60.8–69.2%, and ZnS increased by 6.6–21.8% in the carbonaceous materials. The distribution of Cu and Zn in the mineral, carbonized and non-carbonized organic phases varied greatly with the pyrolysis temperature. The higher the temperature, the more the metals existed in the mineral phase and carbonized organic phase. The decrease of EDTA extractable Cu and Zn with pyrolysis temperature was due to the increase of metals in the carbonized organic phase and mineral phase. It is suggested that pyrolysis at the relatively higher temperature is a better choice for metal-containing manure according to the metal speciation, solubility and availability.     

计算机显示器材料的热解动力学分析

利用热重-差热分析仪,在不同的气氛(空气、N2)以及升温速率(10、30、50℃/min)条件下对电脑显示器外壳材料进行了热解特性的研究分析.通过对实验结果的分析,得出了该样品的热解情况及各个阶段的热解动力学参数,同时分析了气氛以及升温速率对材料热解的影响.     

铁路站车生活垃圾热解烟气治理技术分析

基于铁路生活垃圾产生和处置特点,对相应的烟气处理技术进行分析.从铁路站车生活垃圾成分和热解气化炉产生的烟气污染物出发,探讨烟气净化系统工艺中的脱酸、颗粒物、二(噁)英、重金属处理技术.综合考虑治理效率、治理成本、工艺实施的难易程度等,推荐铁路站车生活垃圾热解烟气净化工艺流程,即烟气经二燃室充分燃烧后先经急冷装置降温避开...     

Self-catalytic pyrolysis thermodynamics of waste printed circuit boards with co-existing metals

● The co-existing metals in WPCBs has positive catalytic influence in pyrolysis. ● Cu, Fe, Ni can promote reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. ● Ni play better role in promoting WPCB pyrolysis reaction. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are generated increasingly recent years with the rapid replacement of electric and electronic products. Pyrolysis is considered to be a potential environmentally-friendly technology for recovering organic and metal resources from WPCBs. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis of WPCBs were carried out in this study. It showed that the co-existing metals (Cu, Fe, Ni) in WPCBs have positive self-catalytic influence during the pyrolysis process. To illustrate their catalytic effects, the apparent activation energy was calculated by differential model. Contributions of different reactions during catalytic pyrolysis process was studied and the mechanism function was obtained by Šesták-Berggren model. The results showed that Cu, Fe, Ni can promote the reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. Among the three metals, Ni plays better catalytic role than Cu, then Fe. This work provides theoretical base for understanding the three metals’ catalytic influence during the pyrolysis of non-metal powders in WPCBs.