水中有机物的流动注射分析

流动注射分析(Flow Injection Analysis,简称FIA)是丹麦学者J Ruzicka和E HHnasen于1975年提出的一种自动化分析技术,该技术具有分析速度快,精确度高,节省试剂和样品,操作费用低以及适用性广等特点,因而很快为广大分析工作者所接受.FIA在水质监测领域有广泛的应用,目前其测定项目以金属离子和无机阴离子为主,对水中有机物的流动注射分析报道较少.近年来人们对各类水体中的有机污染愈来愈重视.往往要进行连续监测以收集大量的动态资料,用于水质管理.在这方面FIA具有其     

化学氧化法处理有机废水的现状与发展

章对有机废水治理中的各种化学氧化技术应用现状和进展进行综述。     

水解酸化—生物接触氧化工艺在啤酒废水处理上的应用

介绍了水解酸化－生物接触氧化工艺在啤酒废水处理上的应用，并对调试运行及效果进行了分析。     

防止突发性环境事故保障环境安全之浅见

通过对有毒化学品和突发性化学污染事故危害特点的分析，提出建立相应环境安全管理体系的建议。     

Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF):A green fertilizer for controlling non-point contamination in agriculture

Fertilizers contribute greatly to high yields but also result in environmental non-point contamination, including the emission of greenhouse gas(N2O) and eutrophication of water bodies. How to solve this problem has become a serious challenge, especially for China as its high ecological pressure. Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF) has been developed to minimize the contamination while keeping high yield and has become a green fertilizer for agriculture. Several CRFs made with special coating technology were used for testing the fertilizer effects in yield and environment through pot experiment and field trial. The result indicated that the CRFs had higher N use efficiency, thus reducing N loss through leaching and volatilization while keeping higher yields. Comparing with imported standard CRFs,the test on CRFs showed similar fertilizer effect but with much lower cost. CRFs application is becoming a new approach for minimizing non-point contamination in agriculture.     

中国对流层二氧化硫光化学氧化过程的数值研究

利用一个三维非静力区域大气化学输送模式与中尺度气象模式MM5相连接构成一个数值模拟系统，模拟了中国地区对流层臭氧与其前体物的分布以及二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐的过程，模式扬地面源排放、大气输送和扩散、干沉积、气相化学反应和云雨过程。结果表明：日间，O3浓度主要由NOx和NMHC的源排放和光化学反应过程支配，大气辐射是光化学反应强弱的决定因子，其强度可使SO2、O3和SO4^2-的生成浓度呈现不同的日变化和季节变化，结果表明高浓度的O3对二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐的化学过程有很大的促进作用，然而，这种作用受NMHC浓度的影响很大，较高浓度的NMHC使O3浓度上升，但同时增加了对OH等自由基的消耗，使SO2的转化率降低。     

Observation of atmospheric nitrous acid with DOAS in Beijing, China

Measurements of nitrous acid （HONO） and nitrogen dioxide （NO2） in Beijing City have been performed by means of a developed differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） system based on photodiode array （PDA）, during the autumn of 2004. HONO and NO2 were simultaneously identified by their characteristic absorption bands in the spectral region between 337 nm and 372 nm with high sensibility and time resolution. The concentrations of HONO exhibit obviously diurnal variation with a nocturnal maximum and a daytime minimum. The highest HONO value up to 11.8 μg/m^3 was observed during the night of 2/3 September. Possible sources of the observed HONO were discussed. Good correlation to NO2 indicates that NO2 is a main source component. The measurement also shows direct emission of HONO is an imnortant source in strongly polluted urban area.     

某些南极陨石的天体化学特征

用中子活化分析测定了7个南极球粒陨石的主量和微量元素含量，讨论了这些陨石的元素丰度分配特征及南极陨石与非南极陨石的元素丰度差异，并划分了这7个南极陨石的化学群：Y791717（C3），Y74193（H5），ALH76006（H6），ALH77214（L3），Y75271（L5），ALH76001（L6），ALH76009（L6）陨石。     

含酚废水治理方法的研究

根据含酚废水的性质，用ClO2氧化除酚，ZL—1和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)混凝沉降除悬浮物的方法处理该废水。实验结果表明，经处理后废水中的主要污染物酚、焦油和悬浮物等去除率都很高，该水可以满足循环使用的要求。