Detecting forest landcape boundary between Mountain Birch and evergreen eoniferous forest in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain

Boundaries between different forest types in Changbai Mountain Eatern China are results from complex interactions between forest ecosystems,topogrphy,and geomorphology.Detecting and quantifying the transitional zones are highly important since high environmental beterogeneity and biodiversity are ofter found within these zpmes.In this study,we used GIS and multivariate statistics techniques(PCA and MSWA) to analyze data from Landsat TM satellite imageries and quantitatively determined the positions and widths of the landscape boundary betweeen mountain birch and evergreen coniferous forests in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain.The results showed that the widths of the landscape boundary ranges from 30-50 m while using the MWW A or/and PC method.Such detected widths are consistent with field transect data that suggest a 50m tranistional zone width.The results further suggest that TM data can be used in combination with GIS and statistical techniques in determining forest landscape boundaries.MSWA is more reliable than PCA,while PCA can also be used to determine the landscape boundary when transects are properly located.     

“入世”不是“入套”而是重生——转换农业生产方式新思路

美国是个工业占绝对主导的国家,农业在国民生产总值中仅占3％左右。从数字上看,与工业相比,农业在国民经济中的地位似乎微不足道。但是,在实际当中,美国农业却是其经济发展的重要物质基础,这主要得益以美国农业的高效率。美国农业人口约占总人口的2.5％,农业劳动力占全国就业劳动力     

论江西省农业可持续发展

本文在论述持续农业提出的背景及其内函和意义的前提下，分析了江西目前存在的主要农业生态环境问题，提出了江西农业持续发展的６条对策和措施，对江西持续农业的发展具有指导意义，同时对南方有关省市具参考价值。     

Effects of cerium on growth and physiological mechanism in plants under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

Effect of cerium （Ce^3＋） on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system in rape seedlings （Brassica juncea L.） exposed to two levels of UV-B radiation （T1： 0.15 W/m^2 and T2：0.35 W/m^2） was studied by hydroponics under laboratory conditions. After 5 d of UV-B treatment, the aboveground growth indices were obviously decreased by 13.2%-44. 1%（T1） and 21.4%-49.3% （T2）, compared to CK, and except active absorption area of roots, the belowground indices by 14.1%-35.6%（T1） and 20.3%-42.6% （T2）. For Ce＋UV-B treatments, the aboveground and belowground growth indices were decreased respectively by 4.1%-23.6%, 5.2% -23.3%（Ce＋T1） and 10.8%-28.4%, 7.0%-27.8%（Ce＋T2）, lower than those of UV-B treatments. The decrease of growth indices appeared to be the result of changes of physiological processes. Two levels of UV-B radiation induced the decrease in chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency by 11.2%-25.9%（T1） and 20.9%- 56.9%（T2）, whereas increase in membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） by 6.9%, 22.8%, 21.5%, 9.5%（T1） and 36.6%, 122.3%, 103.5%, 208.9%（T2）, respectively. The reduction of the photosynthetic parameters in Ce＋UV-B treatments was lessened to 3.2%-13.8%（Ce＋T1） and 4.9%-27.6%（Ce＋T2）, and the increase of membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes except POD in the same treatments were lessened to 2.4%, 8.4%, 6.6%（Ce＋T1） and 30.1%, 116.7%, 75.4%（Ce＋T2）. These results indicate that the regulative effect of Ce on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic function is the ecophysiological basis of alleviating the suppression of UV-B radiation on growth of seedlings. Furthermore, the protective effect of Ce on seedlings exposed to TI level of UV-B radiation is superior to T2 level.     

灌溉农业的社会效益及环境影响简析

千百年来，渭河及其支流塑造的关中平原素有“八百里秦川”之称。自然资源优厚，是我国农业开发最早的地区。现有土地总面积2．3万km2，占全省11．2％，耕地1467.2万亩，占全省27.7％，其中水田水浇地1008.2万亩，占全省57.5％，是我国著名的灌溉农业区。目前以任惠渠、宝鸡峡、交口抽渭、东雷抽黄、冯家山、羊毛湾、石头河水库等灌区为骨架的水利灌溉网络已基本形成。有效灌溉面积达1074万亩，占耕地73．2％，农业人均1．14亩。随着灌溉工程设施的不断壮大，作为基础产业的水利事业，将在全省社会经济发展中发挥着举足轻重的作用。灌溉工程…     

EFDC模型在城市景观水体生态补水工程设计中的应用 ——以昆明市翠湖为例

景观水体是城市人居环境的重要组成部分,但由于水体流动性差,水质难以保证,常需要环境水的补充。文章以昆明市翠湖为例,基于环境流动动力学模型(Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code,EFDC),模拟分析补水工程不同设计条件下的水动力情况变化,以辅助补水工程设计。结果表明翠湖补水工程适宜的补水量为30 000 m~3/d,进一步增大补水量对翠湖水动力改善效果不明显;结合水质零维模型,进一步明确了该补水工程适宜补水水源为牛栏江水。     

海岸生态交错带景观空间格局及其受开发建设的影响分析——-以海南万泉河口博鳌地区为例

以海南万泉河口博鳌镇(亚洲论坛会址)为研究区域,分析了海岸生态交错带景观生态基本特点,选取景观多样性、优势度、景观破碎度、景观分离度及生态风险指数作为评价指标,通过对景观空间格局及其变化的分析,讨论了该区域开发建设对景观空间格局的影响。研究表明:开发建设的强弱是导致博鳌区域景观格局变化的驱动力,并提出了相应的景观生态建设对策。     

乡镇企业污染危害与环境保护治理措施

本文就乡镇企业发展对农业生态环境的危害及农业生态环境的保护对策进行了积极的研究分析和探索。