The LIFE certification methodology as a diagnostic tool of the environmental management system of the automotive industry

We conducted a diagnosis of the environmental management system of the Brazilian auto parts industry, using the LIFE certification methodology (lasting initiative for earth) as a diagnostic tool. This certification recognizes enterprises that develop conservation actions for biodiversity for the purpose of minimizing and/or mitigating their own negative impact on the environment. Through this method, it was possible to quantify and qualify the environmental impact and investigate the existence of conservation actions, as well as evaluate them quantitatively and qualitatively. Therefore, we used this methodology to demonstrate its potential as an economic instrument of environmental management through its application within an EMS certified to the ISO 14001 series. It was shown that there are many benefits of using sustainable environmental resources (possibility to return to ISE-Corporate Sustainability Index-Bovespa) and for the final disposal of waste from production. The main results indicated that the LIFE methodology allows companies to incorporate actions to biodiversity conservation transversally into their EMSs, which can increase the efficiency of enterprise management. We believe that the use of this management model by other companies will enable the intensification of conservation actions in protected areas in their regions.     

Modelling the economic consequences of the EU Water Framework Directive for Dutch agriculture

The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires member states to take measures to ensure that bodies of water will be in good chemical and ecological condition by 2015. Important measures to achieve this goal include reducing emissions of nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P₂O₅) from manure and mineral fertilizers into the environment. In regions with a high livestock density, this measure is expected to affect agricultural production and income. To quantify these effects, an environmental economic model is required that can assess alternatives capable of reducing N and P₂O₅ potential emissions to water. In this paper, we develop a model that is capable of analysing changes in potential emissions to water of N and P₂O₅ and apply it to the Netherlands, a country with large nutrient emissions. Compared to a 2015 reference scenario based on current efforts to reduce nutrient emissions, we found that the WFD measures will increase regional transport and export of manure and reduce the number of animals in the Netherlands. Fodder adjustments (defined as lower N and P₂O₅ input in purchased fodder) to decrease nutrient excretion in manure were a less attractive option than amongst others export, transportation of manure to another region, land use changes or reduction of the number of livestock. Compared to the reference scenario in 2015, total agricultural income will decrease by about €81.5 million per year (about €49/ha per year), although the effects will differ among parts of the Netherlands and agricultural sectors. The average predicted decrease in N emissions from agricultural sites, vulnerable to leaching into bodies of water will be almost 20% or approximately 14.7 kg N/ha per year. The reduction in N emissions to air from animal sheds, manure storage systems, application of animal manure and mineral fertilisers to the crops and grazing animals equals 6.5% or 5 kg ammonia (NH₃) per hectare.     

煤炭产业物质流核算的指标体系构建研究

循环经济落实到实处,不仅需要从技术端不断推进新技术在生产活动各领域的应用,更需要一个整体的资源和能源管理体系.物质流核算即是通过对国家、地区或产业的实物流的核算,理清资源和能源使用过程.通过针对循环经济发展较为成熟的煤炭产业进行物质流核算的指标体系构建,找到一些建立物质流核算体系的思路,并提出具体政策建议.     

发展循环经济是沈阳可持续发展的战略选择

主要论述了沈阳发展循环经济的重要性和必要性以及沈阳实施循环经济的策略     

论城市环境与经济协调发展和产业配置问题

论述了环境因素作为生产力的构成之一，在产业配置这一人类社会经济活动中，与产业发展存在一种均衡关系。这种关系可由供求曲线表征。在城市良性生态经济系统中，它要求环境与经济协调发展，社会和能实现最佳规模产业和最佳环境效益，并根据沿海开放城市佛山的实际情况，对产业配置问题进行讨论。     

大力推广中水技术促进循环经济和可持续发展

通过对循环经济和可持续化发展，及我国目前正面临着严重的水资源危机的介绍，阐述了采用中水技术，实现污水的资源化，不但可以降低污染，减少污水排放费用，而且是实现循环经济和可持续发展的有效途径，有着很大的社会效益和经济效益。     

经济可行性分析系统软件开发

经济可行性论证中要处理大量数据，制作许多表格，工作量大而繁杂，利用手工处理速度慢、精度低。为此，研制开发了实用于不同工程项目的经济可行性分析系统软件。该系统在Ｆｏｘｐｒｏ２５版本支持下，ＩＢＭ３８６主机上实现，具有运行速度快、功能全面、用户界面好、数据准确、使用维护简便等特点，并已推广使用     

绿色消费模式与循环经济相关性的探讨

绿色消费是循环经济在消费领域的具体形式,它要求人们的消费活动必须有利于环境保护、资源利用和人的整体素质的提高。绿色消费模式是人类发展模式的一次历史性转变,是一种人与自然相互协调的消费观,既强调消费的重要作用,又强调消费和再生产其他环节与环境的动态平衡,有利于取得人类社会和自然的协调发展。     

经济、环境与清洁化生产技术关系研究

本文从可持续发展角度详细地分析了社会经济、环境和清洁化生产技术之间的关系，并在此基础上分析并完善了清洁化生产技术水平的评价指标。     

Environmental protection, the economy, and jobs: national and regional analyses

The relationship between environmental protection (EP), the economy, and jobs has been an issue of harsh contention for decades. Does EP harm the economy and destroy jobs or facilitate economic growth and create jobs? We address this issue by summarizing the results of the Jobs and the Environment Initiative, research funded by nonprofit foundations to quantify the relationship between EP, the economy, and jobs. We estimate the size of the US environmental industry and the numbers of environment-related jobs at the national level and in the states of Florida, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, Ohio, and Wisconsin. This is the first time that such comprehensive, detailed estimates have been developed.