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21.
炉渣与生物炭施加对稻田温室气体排放及其相关微生物影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
为了减少稻田温室气体排放通量,本研究对稻田土壤进行炉渣和生物炭单一施加和混合施加处理,并测定了早、晚稻拔节期和乳熟期CO_2、CH_4和N_2O排放通量及相关微生物(细菌、真菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌)的数量.结果表明,稻田施加废弃物可以减少温室气体的排放通量.在早、晚稻的拔节期,施加生物炭显著降低了CO_2和N_2O的排放通量(p0.05),混合施加显著降低了CO_2和CH_4的排放通量(p0.05),施加炉渣条件下3种温室气体的排放通量与对照组相比没有差异.施加炉渣或生物炭都显著降低硝化细菌的数量(p0.05),混施处理显著降低细菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌数量(p0.05),但显著提高了稻田土壤真菌/细菌比值(p0.05).在早、晚稻的乳熟期,炉渣、生物炭、混施处理能显著降低CH_4排放通量(p0.05),而生物炭处理显著降低N_2O排放通量(p0.05).炉渣处理显著降低细菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌数量(p0.05),生物炭处理显著降低细菌、反硝化细菌数量(p0.05),混施处理显著降低细菌、硝化细菌数量,并显著提高真菌/细菌比值(p0.05).温室气体排放与微生物数量之间的相关性分析结果表明,CO_2、CH_4排放通量与细菌数量呈显著正相关,与真菌/细菌比值呈显著负相关;而N_2O排放通量则与硝化细菌、反硝化细菌数量呈显著正相关. 相似文献
22.
采用大涡模型对L形和U形三维钝体建筑物的绕流特性和风压分布特性进行数值研究.考虑平均和脉动速度入口边界,在雷诺数为1.5×105~7×105条件下,对2种钝体的9种分析工况进行瞬态动力分析,并将计算结果与已有研究进行对比.研究表明,钝体绕流对周围流场影响的强弱程度依次为尾流区、屋顶区、来流区,影响大小随着流场与钝体之间... 相似文献
23.
Ranjan Mukherjee Animita Barua Ujjaini Sarkar Bijay Kumar De Alak Kumar Mandal 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2009,3(5):664-672
The rice fields, depleted of O2, contain large amount of moisture and organic substrates to provide an ideal anaerobic environment for methanogenesis and are one of the principal anthropogenic sources of methane. In order to mitigate this emission Alternative Electron Acceptors (AEA) were altered in the soil. The experiments were carried out in four seasons at the site of Balarampur, near Baruipur, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, namely September–December, 2005 (Cultivar: Sundari), February–May, 2006 (Cultivar: Sundari), September–December, 2006 and February–May, 2007 (Cultivar: Swarna-Pankaj). The seasonal average methane flux (Fe treated), for the cultivar type “Sundari” (season: September–December, 2005), is 4.41 t ha−1, as compared to the value of 6.40 t ha−1 for the untreated soil. Similarly for February–May, 2006, the seasonal average methane flux (Fe treated) is 5.52 t ha−1, whereas the untreated flux is 5.69 t ha−1. In the third and fourth seasons we had two treatments with Ammonium Thiosulphate and Ferric Hydroxide. The seasonal average methane flux (treatment: Ammonium Thiosulphate) is 4.35 t ha−1 and 5.41 t ha−1 respectively, whereas for the ferric hydroxide treated soil it is 4.35 t ha−1 and 6.14 t ha−1 respectively. The properties related to the nutrient quality of the harvested paddy seeds supplement these results. 相似文献
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26.
Epidemiological studies suggesting the possibility of harmful effects on human (specifically children’s leukaemia) due to
long-term exposure to magnetic fields of extremely low frequency (e.g. 50/60 Hz) and relatively low values (i.e. over the
microtesla range) have stirred high activity in the topic of magnetic field mitigation. To reduce these fields, it is common
to use passive metal screens (e.g. plates made of aluminium or steel). To design them, effective and fast numerical computations
are highly desirable. In this article, a method is presented, which computes various parameters of screens in a given shielding
problem and yields magnetic field distribution and shielding factors. The method takes into consideration the 3D field distribution
and is able to solve systems with large aspect ratios (thin thickness in comparison with its other dimensions); this is a
common problem where other methods such as finite elements often experience difficulties. The presented method computes separately
the field inside and outside the screens. Afterwards, the solutions are “stitched” together along the border of the subregions.
Two practical examples are given of the developed numerical method. 相似文献
27.
新疆八一钢铁有限责任公司炼铁厂上料系统1^#转运站,1^#a转运站,2^#转运站及1^#、2^#高炉高道料仓在上料时,粉尘污染较为严重,为解决粉尘污染问题,1999年炼铁厂组织设计与施工了40m^2单室卧式3电场除尘器,工程投运后,收尘效果良好,岗位粉尘浓度与外排浓度均低于国家标准。 相似文献
28.
J. L. Bardasano J. Álvarez-Ude I. Gutiérrez M. Raposo R. Goya 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):519-523
Objectives This paper aims to provide evidence of an inductive electromagnetic bioeffect on the human brain, which is independent from
sound waves and produced by mobile phones, in proximal field, through correlating the EEG data obtained from electrodes placed
on both normal and cochlear deaf individuals.
Methods Two groups of subjects are placed under controlled electromagnetic conditions inside a Faraday chamber, 12 healthy and another
12 suffering from cochlear deafness). Each is sitting on a chair, fitted with additional support, and holding a cellular phone
2 cm away form the right auricular, in order to avoid a thermal effect as much as possible. All of them, relaxed and with
their eyes closed, are EEG recorded in a basal state with their mobile phones off. Then, each of them is again recorded under
the same conditions but with the mobile on and listening to the same conversation. In order to assess the observed EEG changes,
a statistical analysis by means of the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) was carried out.
Results For both, healthy and cochlear deaf, assimilation or integration of the mobile phone signal by some electrodes is to be found.
This is due to the increase of amplitudes for alpha and theta waves, whereas the signal is not integrated in other electrodes.
By correlating the spectra of frequencies of corresponding EEG records for the same brain areas, we have not observed significative
differences for both groups.
Conclusions A possible electromagnetic direct inductive, non-thermal, bioeffect on the human brain is observed. This effect is produced
by the use of mobile phones and it bears no relation to the sound waves. 相似文献
29.
南京市通讯辐射环境调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对南京市区进行网格式布点监测,并重点监测典型区域和典型基站,采用基于MapInfo构建的电磁辐射环境评价系统进行现状评价。结果表明,南京市电磁辐射水平总体较低,处于安全水平,部分电磁辐射水平相对较高的区域主要受电视发射塔和广播电台的影响,是南京市电磁辐射环境保护和移动通信基站建设应关注的重点。 相似文献
30.
Marko S. Markov 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):457-463
The interest toward clinical application of magnetic and electromagnetic stimulation increases worldwide. Numerous publications
discussed the possibility exogenous magnetic and electromagnetic fields to initiate effects on various biological processes,
which are of critical importance for healing of different injuries and pathologies. Today, magnetic and electromagnetic fields
are increasingly utilized for treatment of various musculoskeletal injuries and pathologies. For musculoskeletal injuries
and post-surgical, post traumatic and chronic wounds, reduction of edema is a major therapeutic factor in the acceleration
of pain and stress relief, and thus contribute to healing processes. Electromagnetic and magnetic fields appear to be unique
in their safety during clinical use. The application of this new modality will be facilitated by searching for biophysical
mechanisms of action as well as by establishing exact dosimetry of application. In that respect basic science research needs
to be developed in parallel with clinical applications. Magnetotherapy provides a non-invasive, safe, and easy method to directly
treat the site of injury, the source of pain and inflammation, and other types of injury. Unfortunately, there are many obstacles
that magnetotherapy has to overcome—both from the mainstream medicine as well as from the manufacturers and distributors of
magnetic devices. The physical principle of magnetism as well as the physiological bases for the use of magnetic field for
tissue repair are subjects of this review. 相似文献