膨胀石墨吸附材料在环境保护中的应用

介绍了膨胀石墨吸附材料的特点、结合国内外研究资料和我们对膨胀石墨吸附性能的研究，重点分析了这种新型吸附材料在环境保护中的各种用途     

石崆山Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡稳定性的有限单元法(FEM)分析评价

岩质高边坡是常见的自然地质环境问题和重要的岩土工程问题之一,涉及工程地质学、岩体力学问题。针对漳州—龙岩高速公路石崆Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡稳定性问题,采用有限单元法(FEM)进行计算分析。计算分析结果表明石崆山Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡是稳定安全的。有限单元法在岩质高边坡稳定性的计算分析中的应用,正处在完善和发展之中。它的计算分析正确与否或精确程度,很大程度上取决于对边坡岩体工程地质条件的正确理解和归纳概化,取决于计算参数的合理客观选取。     

环境科研论文撰写与发表的方法和策略

概要地介绍了中文环境科技核心期刊、美国《工程索引》（EI）和《科学引文索引》（SCI）收录中国科研论文的情况，以及两份知名英文环境期刊的论文评审标准。EI和SCI收录其来源期刊中英文摘要符合要求的论文。一篇好英文摘要有助于论文被国际环境期刊录用和增加论文的影响力。基于目前EI及SCI的来源期刊中缺少中文专业期刊，国内的环境科研人员可以先将其重要研发成果陆续在中文环境核心期刊上发表，形成系列文章，然后再融合这些文章，投寄英文国际环境期刊。这个策略可及时将研发成果公开发表，提高论文被国际期刊录用的几率，并增加中文环境核心期刊的知名度和声望。     

Fish assemblages composition in a natural, then regulated, stream: A quantitative long-term study

This paper tests the hypothesis how effectively fish assemblage composition was shaped by local climate changes and by engineering impact in 1989. This was possible due to the monitoring protocols of the present study, which allowed estimation of the magnitude of anthropogenic changes from changes naturally occurring in nature. Fish were sampled at the end of every growing season (October) for 23 years at five contiguous sites in a stream, before (1979-1988) and after (1989-2001) regulation. In each sample, six successive electrofishing passes were used to calculate the density and mean biomass for assemblage analysis using the Zippin model. During the study, the natural, meandering stream with pools, riffles, and a moderate canopy was modified into a straight stream of uniform width and depth, stripped of all vegetation. The output layer of a self-organizing map (SOM, the artificial neural network algorithm) applied in this study for site similarity analysis was partitioned into six subclusters placed in two main clusters. Subclusters in the upper part of the SOM were occupied chiefly by regulated stream samples and those in the lower part of the SOM by natural stream samples. Subclusters in the middle position, contained both natural (19) and regulated (20) samples in nearly equal proportion. In addition, the SOM contained one subcluster with sites only from the regulated period and another with only natural sites. Differences between subclusters were attributed to differences in climate, with some differences profound. Warming of the local weather, which became most evident in the 1990s, may have resulted in changes in fish assemblages. This is shown in the SOM, in which samples from the 1980s with cold years dominate the bottom of the SOM, whereas those from the 1990s and later are at the top. Subclusters dominated by regulated or natural sites were not always significantly different when the number of species and diversity indices were considered. Clear differences between the regulated and natural samples involved qualitative characteristics and mainly concerned assemblage composition. They were also confirmed by significant IndVal values (indicator species) and neither mixed subcluster contained important species in their assemblages.     

Reagent elution combined with positive pressure filtration: A zero-discharge method for cyanide tailings remediation

At present, the cyanide gold extraction process is still the main technology for gold production. Generated cyanide tailings containing highly toxic substances exhibit potential environmental risks. These tailings are in urgent need of purification treatment, especially after being classified as hazardous waste. In this study, the impacts of elution methods, operating time, tailings/water ratios, reagent types on the elution rates of cyanide were investigated. Furthermore, the composite elution ...     

Transmission Functions and its application to the analysis of time uncertainties in Protection Engineering

In this paper we explore the concept of transmission Functions and its application to the resolution of the problem posed by the uncertainty in the time to take manual protective actions due for instance to different operator abilities. This time uncertainty is a very special kind of uncertainty with obvious relevance in Protection Engineering problems. Tackling it involves a large amount of simulations of transients associated to sequences of system transitions, resulting from those actions, where the only difference from one simulation to another is the time interval between transitions, the evolution laws being always the same. In order to solve such type of problems, a new formalism is proposed based on the concept of transmission Function. We prove that for a large class of Multiple Input–Multiple Output (MIMO) piecewise linear systems, the output may be obtained as additive contributions of each interval of the sequence, each one characterized via a Transmission Function. We then provide efficient methods to compute Transmission Functions of sequences of canonical Single Input-Single Output (SISO) piecewise systems, and to find the locus of protective action times that lead to damage (damage domain).     

Overlooked nitrogen-cycling microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment

• AOA and comammox bacteria can be more abundant and active than AOB/NOB at WWTPs. • Coupled DNRA/anammox and NO_x-DAMO/anammox/comammox processes are demonstrated. • Substrate level, SRT and stressors determine the niches of overlooked microbes. • Applications of overlooked microbes in enhancing nitrogen removal are promising. Nitrogen-cycling microorganisms play key roles at the intersection of microbiology and wastewater engineering. In addition to the well-studied ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria, heterotrophic denitrifiers, and anammox bacteria, there are some other N-cycling microorganisms that are less abundant but functionally important in wastewater nitrogen removal. These microbes include, but not limited to ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA), complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) bacteria, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA) bacteria, and nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing (NO_x-DAMO) microorganisms. In the past decade, the development of high-throughput molecular technologies has enabled the detection, quantification, and characterization of these minor populations. The aim of this review is therefore to synthesize the current knowledge on the distribution, ecological niche, and kinetic properties of these “overlooked” N-cycling microbes at wastewater treatment plants. Their potential applications in novel wastewater nitrogen removal processes are also discussed. A comprehensive understanding of these overlooked N-cycling microbes from microbiology, ecology, and engineering perspectives will facilitate the design and operation of more efficient and sustainable biological nitrogen removal processes.     

安全系统工程的回顾与展望

回顾了系统工程在安全领域中应用的情况,并指出国内使用的名词“安全系统工程”与“系统安全工程”在含义上是有区别的,认为在安全领域中应制定名词统一标准。文章还讨论了安全系统工程的展望。     

关于《环境土建工程》教学改革的探讨

《环境土建工程》是研究环境工程土建施工方法的一门综合性、实践性很强的学科。它是为环境工程专业高职生开设的一门重要的专业基础课。以往这门课程的教学形式较为传统,不适应当今高职教育形式之处很多。因而,改变单一的课堂教学方式,多种教学手段相结合;改革考核、考试办法,培养学生的学习能力;勤于实践总结,不断发现问题,培养创新能力。     

高效工程菌的构建及其降解有机农药的研究进展

综述了目前环境治理保护中构建高效工程菌常用的质粒转移、原生质体融合和基因重组等方法。介绍了工程菌在处理有机农药污染方面的降解性能及其固定化研究,并简要阐述了工程菌改造及应用方面所存在的问题及未来的研究展望。