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41.
Without public contributions, recycling from domestic waste would not be possible. In order to support recycling projects it is important to try to understand who recycles, how they recycle, and why they recycle. This paper presents the results of a structured survey of 500 members of the public served by schemes to collect plastics waste for recycling. Data were gathered on the characteristics, behaviours and motivations of recyclers. The authors also sought to discover how the public perceive plastics compared to other materials, and as a recyclable material. Responses were collected in such a way that the awareness of the recyclability of materials could be compared with the recycling behaviour of respondents. An element of comparison was introduced between those served by a system of bottle banks (bring scheme) and those covered by a household collection (collect scheme). The survey results are reported and their implications for the management of post-consumer plastics waste collection schemes are discussed. 相似文献
42.
Arnim von Gleich 《Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung》1999,11(1):21-32
Zusammenfassung Die Erarbeitung von Kriterien zur vergleichenden Bewertung von Technologien und Stoffen über den toxikologischen Ansatz hinaus
und die Entwicklung eines integrierten Kriterienrasters stehen erst am Anfang. Die hier vorgestellten Kriterien aus der Technikanalyse
zur Integration des Vorsorgeprinzips in die Stoffund Technikbewertung müssen weiter operationalisiert und vervollst?ndigt
werden, ebenso wie die bisher im Rahmen
Die Anwendung der Kriterien sollte nie “mechanisch” erfolgen. Technikbewertung und Stoffbewertung sind nicht nur wissenschaftliche,
sondern ganz wesentlich gesellschaftliche und damit diskursive Prozesse. Dabei sollte weniger die Bewertung einzelner Stoffe
oder Techniken im Zentrum stehen, sondern eher die vergleichende Bewertung konkurrierender Techniken, Stoffe bzw. stofflich-technischer
Entwicklungspfade (vgl. z.B. als ersten Ansatz zur Bewertung von Umweltwirkungen alter und neuer Werkstoffe vonGleich undRubik, 1996). Erst die Erarbeitung konkurrierender Entwicklungspfade auch im stofflichtechnischen Bereich nach dem Vorbild der
Energiepfade würde die notwendigen Voraussetzungen für einen breiten ?ffentlichen Diskurs schaffen und damit für die Demokratisierung
zumindest der grundlegenden technologie- und stoffpolitischen Richtungsentscheidungen. Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft haben diesbezüglich
eine Bringschuld gegenüber der Gesellschaft.
相似文献
– | - des Vergiftungs- bzw. Schadstoffparadigmas |
– | - des Gleichgewichtsparadigmas |
– | - des Nachhaltigkeits- und Mitweltparadigmas |
– | - der Energie-bzw. der allgemeinen Technikbewertungsdebatte diskutierten und entwickelten Kriterien. Ihre Trennsch?rfe mu? verbessert und ihre (sicher begrenzte) Reichweite mu? genauer ausgelotet werden. |
43.
44.
简要分析了沈阳这一特大城市建立资源循环型社会的必要性 ,对如何尽快形成资源循环型体系提出了主要对策 相似文献
45.
46.
采用高径比为12.5的序批式反应器(SBR)对冷冻的成熟好氧颗粒污泥(AGS)解冻驯化,研究母体颗粒冻后富集培养及其在番茄废水基质降解中的循环利用。结果表明:冻后恢复活性的污泥第60天全部颗粒化,平均粒径不小于0.45 mm;高通量测序结果显示,相较母体颗粒,该污泥中与颗粒化相关的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)优势菌群富集,微生物丰度呈显著差异(P<0.05);复合菌株对COD、NH3-N和PO3-4-P去除率分别为98.9%、82.1%和82.2%,可实现番茄废水的有效降解。 相似文献
47.
The number of manufactured aircraft has been continuously increasing worldwide because of the high demand for airline transportation. During manufacturing, many advanced materials and devices are used to build various sizes and shapes of aircraft. However, most of these materials and devices require considerable energy and labor to produce, so reusing these at any life stage of the aircraft offers many economic and environmental benefits, and is considered lucrative and environmentally responsible. Several recyclable materials—composites, metals and alloys, wires, wood, paper, plastics, electronics, and avionics—emerge as waste streams during the manufacturing of aircraft. Many aircraft companies have been recycling these materials to remanufacture aircraft parts or other products for more sustainable production. In the present study, we evaluated the recycling efforts of local aircraft companies in Wichita, KS. These efforts were considered in terms of recycling efficiency/rate and environmental benefits. These included cradle-to-gate (CTG) life-cycle inventory analysis of the materials, carbon dioxide emissions, virgin material replacement with recycled materials, and natural resources usage. Our findings show that there exists a significant potential for contributions to sustainability as well as environmental and health benefits in the region from recycling by aircraft manufacturing plants. 相似文献
48.
Personality, individual differences, and demographic antecedents of self-reported household waste management behaviours 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Viren Swami Tomas Chamorro-PremuzicRosemary Snelgar Adrian Furnham 《Journal of environmental psychology》2011,31(1):21-26
The present study sought to extend recent conceptual frameworks of waste management behaviours by examining personality, individual differences, and socio-demographic antecedents of self-reported waste recycling, reuse, and reduction behaviours. A total of 203 participants from a British community sample completed a questionnaire consisting of measures of their self-reported waste management behaviour, Machiavellianism, political cynicism, the Big Five personality traits, and socio-demographics. The results of structural equation modelling showed that individuals who were less Machiavellian, less politically cynical, older, and more conscientious were more likely to report positive waste management behaviours. In combination, these predictors explained 22.0% of the variance in waste management behaviours. Thus, these variables may improve the predictive validity of existing conceptual models of waste management behaviours. The results are discussed in relation to those models. 相似文献
49.
Christian Andreas Klöckner Inger Olin Oppedal 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(4):463-471
This paper reports the results of a multilevel structure equation model predicting general and fraction specific self-reported recycling behaviour. The model was tested on a sample of 697 undergraduate students from four Norwegian universities who each reported their degree of participation in the local recycling schemes for paper/cardboard, glass, metal, and plastic. It was demonstrated that variance in recycling behaviour can be divided into a smaller general part that is relatively stable across waste fractions and a specific part that depends on the respective fraction. General recycling behaviour is well predicted by intentions to recycle and recycling habits, whereas perceived behavioural control is to a large extend fraction specific and influences the fraction specific recycling. Perceived behavioural control mediates the influence of the recycling scheme type, distance to recycling containers, and transport mode used to reach the recycling containers. 相似文献
50.
Mario Grosso Laura Biganzoli Lucia Rigamonti 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(12):1178-1184
The recovery of ferrous and non ferrous metals from the bottom ashes is a common practice in the most part of Europe, both for the environmental advantages of their recycle and to avoid problems of swelling and expansion that metals can cause when bottom ashes are reused in concrete production or in road construction. This paper focuses on metal recovery from bottom ashes produced in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) incinerators, with a particular focus on aluminium. A forecasting model was developed in order to evaluate the quantity of aluminium scraps recoverable from the bottom ashes. The model was applied to the Italian situation but its validity can be extended to other countries. Focusing on Italy, by applying conventional technologies for the separation of non-ferrous metals, the amount of aluminium potentially recoverable from bottom ashes is estimated in the range from 16,500 to 21,000 tonnes at the year 2015, and from 19,000 to 28,500 tonnes at 2020. 相似文献