石化综合污水处理厂出水溶解性微生物产物的特性

溶解性微生物产物(soluble microbial products,SMP)是生化系统出水残留COD的主要组成部分,通过采用分子量截留超滤分离、有机物树脂分离等方法对某石化综合污水处理厂出水SMP的分子量分布、亲水特性进行了分析研究.结果表明,水样中的SMP占出水残留COD的85%左右。SMP中主要成分是蛋白质,出水中小于1 kDa的有机物是SMP中的主要物质。树脂分离实验表明,亲水性有机物和疏水酸性有机物分别约占出水SMP的50%和20%,是需要进一步处理削减的主要物质类别。     

粉尘颗粒在单纤维表面沉积的计算机模拟

采用随机模拟方法模拟研究了粉尘颗粒在单纤维表面上的沉积过程,Kuwabara流场用于计算粉尘颗粒运动的轨迹,模拟中考虑了粉尘颗粒的粒径分布和单纤维在气流作用下的扭曲行为对粉尘颗粒沉积的影响.模拟结果表明.粉尘颗粒在单纤维表面上的沉积形态与分布特征依赖于Stokes数、粉尘颗粒粒径分布和纤维扭曲程度;模拟获得的粉尘树枝结构与相关文献提供的实验结果相似.     

微絮凝直接过滤-超滤组合工艺深度处理印染废水

采用微絮凝直接过滤作为超滤的预处理工艺,对印染废水二级出水进行深度处理。考察了微絮凝直接过滤一超滤组合工艺处理效果和不同预处理方式砂滤、微絮凝、微絮凝直接过滤对超滤膜污染影响。实验结果表明,微絮凝直接过滤-超滤组合工艺对浊度、色度和COD平均去除率为99．2％、87％和56％;出水水质能满足《城市杂用水水质标准》（GB／T18920—2002）;与其他预处理方式相比,微絮凝直接过滤能大大地减轻超滤膜的负荷,延缓膜的污染,微絮凝直接过滤是一较优预处理工艺。由于采用变孔隙滤料,该系统具有用药量省的优点。     

膜序批式反应器运行特性研究

膜生物反应器采取序批式运行方式,实验室人工配水,系统不排泥,运行220 d.结果表明,系统对COD、氨氮的去除率均在96%以上,细菌胞外多聚物(EPS)以蛋白质为主,污泥浓度达到10 g/L以上,污泥沉降性能得到改善时,跨膜压力(TMP)呈缓慢增长趋势,出现了相当数量的纤毛虫、轮虫等原后生动物.     

两性高分子絮凝剂的制备及其应用研究

以天然植物粉Ｆ６９１为原料,通过羧甲基化、接枝共聚和曼尼期(Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ)三步反应合成出两性天然高分子改性絮凝剂(ＣＧＡＡＣ),确定了其较佳的制备条件;ＣＧＡＡＣ对造纸抄纸白水和造纸混合污泥的絮凝脱水试验表明:１０ｍｇ·ｌ－１ＣＧＡＡＣ与４０ｍｇ·ｌ－１ＰＡＣ配合使用,ＣＯＤＣｒ去除率可达７２%,效果优于对比样ＰＨＰ;ＣＧＡＡＣ对造纸混合污泥的絮凝脱水性能优于对比样ＰＨＰ和ＰＡＭ－Ｃ．     

生物陶粒柱—PAC—膜过滤装置系统处理饮用水实验研究

生物陶粒柱和粉末活性炭作为淹没式中空纤维膜过滤装置的预处理工艺不仅解决了膜过滤装置氨氮去除不利的弱点,避免了亚硝酸盐氮的积累,而且在浊度、细菌、有机物等方面极大地降低了膜过滤装置的负荷。生物陶粒柱－PAC－膜过滤装置系统高锰酸盐指数平均去除率为76．97％,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的平均去除率分别达到顾95．50％和99．15％。     

Biodegradation rates of 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin through sand filters and in bioreactors

Taste and odour (T&O) causing compounds, in particular, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin, are a problem for water authorities as they are recalcitrant to conventional water treatment. In this study, biological sand filtration was shown to be an effective process for the complete removal of MIB and geosmin, with removal shown to be predominantly through biodegradation. In addition, MIB and geosmin were also effectively degraded in batch bioreactor experiments using biofilm sourced from one of the sand filters as the microbial inoculum. The biodegradation of MIB and geosmin was determined to be a pseudo-first-order reaction with rate constants ranging between 0.10 and 0.58 d⁻¹ in the bioreactor experiments. Rate constants were shown to be dependent upon the initial concentration of the microbial inoculum but not the initial concentration of MIB and geosmin when target concentrations of 200 and 50 ng l⁻¹ were used. Furthermore, rate constants were shown to increase upon re-exposure of the biofilm to both T&O compounds. Enrichment cultures with subsequent community profile analysis using 16S rRNA-directed PCR-DGGE identified four bacteria most likely involved in the biodegradation of geosmin within the sand filters and bioreactors. These included a Pseudomonas sp., Alphaproteobacterium, Sphingomonas sp. and an Acidobacteriaceae member.