麻石除尘器的技术改造

详细介绍了山西焦化股份有限公司针对锅炉除尘系统运行中存在的问题进行的多项技术改造，改造后其除尘效率得以提高，烟尘排放质量浓度达到国家一级标准。     

滤筒式除尘器的改进及在白云石除尘中的应用

反吹风袋式除尘器存在运行阻力高、滤袋寿命短、排放浓度高等缺点.论述了利用改进滤筒、增设导流装置等一系列技术措施,提高滤筒式除尘器技术性能,从而用滤筒除尘技术对反吹风除尘器进行改造达到节能减排的效果.     

THE DILUTION/FLUSHING TECHNIQUE IN LAKE RESTORATION1

ABSTRACT: Dilution/flushing has been documented as an effective restoration technique to restore eutrophic Moses and Green Lakes in Washington State. The dilution water added to both lakes was low in nitrogen and phosphorus content relative to the lake or normal input water. Consequently, lake nutrient content dropped predictably. Dilution or flushing rates were about ten times normal during the spring-summer periods in Moses Lake and three times normal on an annual basis in Green Lake. Improvement in quality (nutrients, algae, and transparency) was on the order of 50 percent in Moses Lake and even greater in Green Lake. The facilities for supplying dilution water were largely in place for the cited lakes; thus, costs for water transport were minimal. Available facilities, and therefore, costs, for water transport would usually vary greatly, however. Achieving maximum benefit from the technique may be more limited by availability of low nutrient water rather than facilities costs. Quality improvement may occur from physical effects of algal cell washout and water column instability if only high nutrient water is available.     

Ecotoxicity monitoring of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil using earthworm (Eisenia foetida)

In order to assess the applicability of an earthworm bioassayas a technique for monitoring the soil flushing process, short-term and long-term toxicity tests were conducted on remediatedsoil using various pore volumes of surfactant solution. Resultsobtained on short-term toxicity testing indicated that biomassincreased as the soil flushing proceeded, and on diesel-contaminated soils this testing showed that the effect of dieselis lethal and that 25 pore volumes of soil surfactant were notsufficient to abrogate the toxic effect of diesel. These short-term tests also showed strong sublethal relationships between the development of biomass, and the concentrations of toxic chemicals in the soil. Although relationships between contaminants and the various bioassay parameters examined werenot significant in long-term testing, an increase in the numberof juveniles was observed over time, which may have been a consequence of a reduction in toxicity associated with the flushing process.     

Inter- and Intra-Annual Chemical Variability During the ice-Free Season in Lakes with Different Flushing Rates and Acid Deposition Histories

Quantifying chemical variability in different lake types is important for the assessment of both chemical and biological responses to environmental change. For monitoring programs that emphasize a large number of lakes at the expense of frequent samples, high variability may influence how representative single samples are of the average conditions of individual lakes. Intensive temporal data from long-term research sites provide a unique opportunity to assess chemical variability in lakes with different characteristics. We compared the intra- and inter-annual variability of four acidification related variables (Gran alkalinity, pH, sulphate concentration, and total base cation concentration) in four lakes with different flushing rates and acid deposition histories. Variability was highest in lakes with high flushing rates and was not influenced by historic acid deposition in our study lakes. This has implications for the amount of effort required in monitoring programs. Lakes with high flushing rates will require more frequent sampling intervals than lakes with low flushing rates. Consideration of specific lake types should be included in the design of monitoring programs.     

循环水冲洗生态厕所及其污水处理方法

主要研究了循环水冲洗生态厕所对冲厕污水有机污染物和NH4 -N的去除效果.结果表明,在进水COD和NH4 -N负荷分别为1.2～1.4 kg COD/m3·d和0.1～0.11kg NH4 -N/m3·d时,循环水冲洗生态厕所出水COD和NH4 -N稳定维持在15 mg/L和5 mg/L,达到我国中水回用相关标准,满足了循环冲洗水水质要求,根本上实现了冲厕污水源头治理和资源化.     

Surfactant-enhanced flushing enhances colloid transport and alters macroporosity in diesel-contaminated soil

Soil contamination by diesel has been often reported as a result of accidental spillage,leakage and inappropriate use. Surfactant-enhanced soil flushing is a common remediation technique for soils contaminated by hydrophobic organic chemicals. In this study, soil flushing with linear alkylbenzene sulfonates(LAS, an anionic surfactant) was conducted for intact columns(15 cm in diameter and 12 cm in length) of diesel-contaminated farmland purple soil aged for one year in the field. Dynamics of colloid concentration in column outflow during flushing, diesel removal rate and resulting soil macroporosity change by flushing were analyzed. Removal rate of n-alkanes(representing the diesel) varied with the depth of the topsoil in the range of 14%–96% while the n-alkanes present at low concentrations in the subsoil were completely removed by LAS-enhanced flushing. Much higher colloid concentrations and larger colloid sizes were observed during LAS flushing in column outflow compared to water flushing. The X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis of flushed and unflushed soil cores showed that the proportion of fine macropores(30–250 μm in diameter)was reduced significantly by LAS flushing treatment. This phenomenon can be attributed to enhanced clogging of fine macropores by colloids which exhibited higher concentration due to better dispersion by LAS. It can be inferred from this study that the application of LAS-enhanced flushing technique in the purple soil region should be cautious regarding the possibility of rapid colloid-associated contaminant transport via preferential pathways in the subsurface and the clogging of water-conducting soil pores.     

穿层水力冲孔措施在低透煤层中有效影响半径效果考察

为研究水力冲孔措施下煤层瓦斯高效抽采钻孔合理布置参数,提高煤层瓦斯抽采效率,以平煤十三矿己15-17-13051工作面为例,对水力冲孔有效影响半径进行效果考察。通过布置多组试验钻孔,分别对水力冲孔措施前后钻孔瓦斯浓度、瓦斯流量数据进行综合考察,结果表明:水力冲孔措施增大了煤层透气性系数,高效提升了煤层瓦斯抽采率,执行冲孔措施后瓦斯浓度最低可提高至2.05倍、瓦斯纯流量增至2.56倍以上,采用瓦斯流量法确定了己15-17煤层水力冲孔措施实际有效影响半径为4.8~5.9 m,对于指导煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔合理布置具有指导性意义。     

气水比回流比及冲击负荷对BAF的影响

研究气水比、回流比及冲击负荷对BAF前置反硝化工艺的影响。研究结果表明BAF前置反硝化工艺最佳气水比为 3∶1 ,最佳回流比为 2 0 0 %。该工艺具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力 ,COD的最佳去除负荷可达 7.70 4kg/ (m3·d) ,NH3-N的最大去除负荷为 1 .2 85kg/ (m3·d) ;水力负荷对COD的去除影响较小 ,对NH3-N、TN的去除影响较大 ,宜将水力负荷控制在 2 .39m/h以下     

旅客列车真空集便器便盆冲洗排空影响因素及相关技术研究

旅客列车真空集便器便盆污物冲洗排空效果受诸多因素影响,各影响因素间相互作用.为实现以较低冲洗水量达到良好冲洗排空效果、提高系统洁净性能,对便盆曲面、冲洗流型进行分析设计,对旋流和扇面2种不同冲洗流型特点进行比较,分析不同设计参数及安装位置对冲洗排空效果的影响,最终通过试验研究验证冲洗喷嘴的安装位置、旋流喷嘴的射流方向等...