农业生产何以存在低碳效率幻觉?——来自1997—2016年31个省份面板数据的证据

利用1997—2016年中国31个省份的面板数据,测算基于农业污染物影子价格的农业低碳效率,探讨各省份农业低碳效率幻觉存在与否的问题,并在此基础上分析农业低碳效率幻觉程度的影响因素。结果表明：（1）1997—2016年,中国农业低碳效率均值呈先下降后上升的总体趋势,且“东—中—西”梯度递减的态势明显。（2）总体上,存在农业低碳效率幻觉的省份数量呈先增后减趋势;分区域看,东部和中部存在农业低碳效率幻觉的省份数量逐渐减少,而西部地区则不断增加。（3）农业经济发展水平、农业生产节能技术水平、农业发展重视程度、农业产业结构对农业低碳效率幻觉程度具有负向影响,而农业规模化水平、农业受灾率和农业人力资本的影响效应为正。     

浅析成本与市价孰低法

本文简要阐述了成本与市价孰低法,通过对该种方法的优缺点的讨论和评价,提出了在我国暂不推行该种计价方法,为以后能与国际惯列保持一致,并提出了相应的简便易行的对策。     

地下停车场通风系统噪声治理

介绍了地下停车场中噪声的来源，提出降噪的一些措施和方法。     

用期货市场思路建立南水北调水市场设想

南水北调是缓解北方水资源危机而实施的大规模调水工程 ,适应社会主义市场经济的要求 ,该工程中水资源配置将采用市场机制运作 ,但由于水价波动决定了价格风险的存在 ,而水价过高将给企业带来成本的提高或利润的下降。为此 ,针对南水北调中的水市场建设 ,尤其是对于城市工业用水 ,本文提出利用期货市场的基本功能来规避水价波动给企业带来的风险 ,有利于增强企业的国际竞争力     

Metal prices and the business cycle

Metal price fluctuations have recently been of interest not only because of their cyclical volatility but also of their interaction with business cycles. A related issue is whether metal prices move together sufficiently to collectively reflect macroeconomic influences. Correlation or the tendency for prices to move together has been termed “comovement”, where the commonality in prices reflects the tendency of commodity markets to respond to common business cycle and trend factors. Metal prices are known to respond to macroeconomic influences and the latter might well explain the common factor which causes them to move together. Our goal is to provide an estimate of the common factor in metal prices and to relate this factor to important macroeconomic influences. The prices we study are for aluminum, copper, tin, lead and zinc; the macroeconomic variables include industrial production, consumer prices, interest rates, stock prices, and exchange rates. Our results confirm that the common factor in metal prices can be related to such macroeconomic influences.     

天津市水资源供求平衡战略

天津市国土规划提出了2030年经济社会发展目标,水资源的极度匮乏已成为制约天津经济增长的主要瓶颈。在传统开源节流措施的基础上,针对天津市水资源供需矛盾和分配不合理两大问题,提出了水资源供求平衡的市场化战略和需求整合战略,并对可行的政府行为进行了探讨。     

价格对中国煤矿事故的影响分析

针对我国目前煤炭产业严峻的安全形势，本文采用、统计的方法，分析了煤炭价格和产量与煤矿安全生产事故之间的相关关系，验证煤炭价格与煤矿安全生产事故的发生存在协整关系，而且煤价是煤矿伤亡事故的致因，并进一步做回归分析，并尝试从价格的角度揭示煤矿安全生产事故发生的规律。     

基于组件式GIS的地价评估与管理信息系统的设计与开发

结合组件式GIS技术，设计和开发了地价评估与管理信息系统。系统利用可视化工具软件Visual Basic6．0和MapX开发和实现了地价的空间信息和属性信息的存储、管理、显示、查询、操作与分析，并阐述了系统的关键技术和主要功能。系统摆脱了以往地价评估及管理信息系统所采用的单纯MIS系统模式，使办公自动化和地理信息系统融为一体，两者相结合形成图文一体化、可视化和生动化的信息系统。     

INDUSTRIAL WATER DEMAND WITH WATER REUSE1

ABSTRACT: This work establishes an industrial water demand (IWD) model for a short term estimate, which considers water reuse technologies and discharge regulations, for the integrated circuit (IC) industry in northern Taiwan. Based on the optimization of an industrial water cost system, a computerized system dynamics model (SD model) is developed to generate individual firm IWD using data from year 2000. A market IWD is further constructed for 25 1C firms in the study area and is approximated by an inverse logistic curve. Analytical results demonstrate that price elasticity varies with water price in cases involving water reuse.     

Using system dynamics to model water-reallocation

Improving the efficiency of water allocation has long been recognised as a key problem for the water resources management decision-makers. However, assessing the efficacy of management decision is difficult due to the complexity and interconnectivity of water resource systems. For this reason, it is vital that robust modelling approaches are employed to deal with the feedback loops inherent in the water resource systems. Whilst many studies have applied modelling to various aspects of water resource management, little attention has been given to innovations in modelling approaches to deal with the modelling challenges associated with improving decision-making. The aim of this study is to apply a System Dynamics modelling approach to improve the efficiency of water allocation incorporating a myriad of irrigation system constraints. The system dynamic approach allows the different system components to be organised as a collection of discrete objects that incorporate data, structure and function to generate complex system behaviour. Through the application of a system dynamic approach, a robust model (named the Economical Reallocating Water Model (ERWM)) was developed which was used to examine the options of re-allocating water resources that minimize the water cost all over an irrigated agricultural area. The EWRM incorporated a wide range of complexities likely to be encountered in water resource management: surface and ground water sources, water trading between sources, system constraint such as maximum ground water pumping, rates, maximum possible trading volumes and differential water resource prices. Two hypothetical systems have been presented here as an example. The results show that the System Dynamics approach has a significant advantages in estimating and assessing the outcomes of alternative water management strategies through time and space.