我国农村生活垃圾处理技术探讨

介绍了卫生填埋法、焚烧法、堆肥法和综合利用等农村生活垃圾常规处理技术,以及蚯蚓堆肥法、太阳能—生物集成技术、高温高压湿解法、垃圾衍生燃料和气化熔融处理技术等几种农村生活垃圾处理新技术。在概述各种处理工艺的技术参素及优缺点的基础上,提出了农村生活垃圾处理技术路线,为社会主义新农村生活垃圾处理工艺的选择提供建议。     

SLP250二段式垃圾焚烧炉的燃烧调整

由于垃圾的热值和干、湿度等变化较大,所以,垃圾焚烧炉的燃烧调整具有一定的难度。简要论述了如何调整和控制垃圾焚烧炉的稳定燃烧,以供相关人员参考。     

改性矿化垃圾反应床处理填埋场渗滤液研究

在固液比(矿化垃圾与废水的质量比)为100,1,运行周期为3 h.水力负荷为0.08 m3/(m3·d)条件下,分别采用废铁屑、钢渣、蘑菇渣、秸秆作为改性材料进行矿化垃圾反应床处理填埋场渗滤液的工艺强化研究.结果表明,废铁屑对COD、色度、总氮和总磷的去除有显著的强化作用,COD、总氮和总磷去除率平均提高9.3%、17%和7.7%;钢渣不利于氨氮和总氮的去除,且需定期置换钢渣以维持其去除COD和总磷的强化作用;蘑菇渣和秸秆均需先进行合适的驯化降解处理,才能实现其去除COD、色度、氨氮和总氮的强化作用.从工程应用角度看,废铁屑是相对理想的一种改性材料.     

Analyzing nutrient distribution in different particle-size municipal aged refuse

To investigate the feasibility of using aged municipal solid waste as farmland soil, it is essential to study its nutritive compositions for plant growth. Previous studies have demonstrated that the properties of different particle-size aged refuse are very different, therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the adequacy of three elements (N, P, K) and the fractionation of inorganic P in the aged refuse with a particle-size distribution of 900 to 300, 300 to 150, 150 to 105, 105 to 90 and 90 to 0 μm. The results indicate that (1) total quantities of N, P, K were much larger than that in the general soil and the quantities of available N, P and K were also adequate; (2) total content of P was sufficient, but the ratio of available-P to total P was not high enough; (3) with the decrease of particle size, the contents of these elements presented different trends. The results implicate that total contents of N, P and K were enough for the aged refuse being exploited as cultivated soil, and different gradation of aged refuse could be added to improve poor soils. It provides scientific evidence for utilizing different particle-size aged refuse comprehensively.     

城市生活垃圾、污泥和煤粉混合燃料热值的研究

为了寻求生活垃圾和污泥的高效资源化、能源化方法.选取生活垃圾、污泥和煤粉的混合,枯枝落叶,助燃剂MnO2,脱硫剂 CaO 为控制因子,安排正交试验,成型加工为混合燃料.测定其热值,并通过正交分析,筛选出燃料最大热值组合,即混合时垃圾、污泥、煤粉的比例为 1:1:2,枯枝落叶所占比例为 0%,助燃剂 MnO2 含量为 0.18%,脱硫剂 CaO 含量为 1.5/(100 g),该燃料的热值为 17.8898 kJ/g.为该混合燃料的推广与应用提供理论依据.     

氧气条件对矿化垃圾修复石油污染土壤的影响

通过对比不同氧气条件下矿化垃圾修复石油污染土壤的效果、降解产物、生态毒性、酶活性和微生物群落,分析了氧气条件对矿化垃圾修复石油污染土壤的影响.结果表明,添加矿化垃圾在厌氧、好氧和厌氧-好氧3种氧气条件下对微生物修复石油污染土壤都有较好的强化效果.修复的最佳氧气条件为好氧,好氧修复后土壤总石油烃(TPH)去除率最高,土壤...