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81.
82.
环糊精在土壤有机污染物治理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
综述了环糊精及其衍生物在土壤弱极性有机物治理中的应用和原理。环糊精可与土壤中弱极性有机污染物形成主客包合物,从而增加其水溶性促进其从土壤中解吸去除;能够同时去除金属离子;能够改变有机污染物理化性质促进其光解;可降低有机污染物毒性促进其微生物降解。 相似文献
83.
Sesbania rostrata is renowned for its stem nodulation, but the role of stem nodulation in the root nodulation and adaptation of S.rostrata to Pb/Zn-enriched tailings environment has been poorly understood.We investigated the effects of inoculating (with stem nodule treatment) and non-inoculating (without stem nodule treatment) Azorhizobium caulinodans on the growth, root nodulation, and N fixation of S.rostrata grown on three different types of soil substrata: Pb/Zn tailings, garden soil amended tailings, and garden soil.The results showed that plant height, stem basal diameter, biomass, chlorophyll content, nitrogen content and N-accumulation per plant were 2.3%-4.9%, 2.2%-7.7%, 27.8%-72.2%, 17.1%-23.5%, 12.3%-34.2%, and 43.1%-131.2% higher in treatments with stem nodule than those without stem nodule for the same soil substrate, respectively.With respect to soil substrata, all the measurements had consistently higher values in tailings than in amended tailings and garden soil, indicating that the poorer the soil condition, the greater the contribution of stem nodule.In contrast, the number and fresh weight of root nodules on plants without stem nodule were 6.9-11.6 times and 5.8-29.0 times higher than those with stem nodule, respectively, especially with respect to the plants grew on Pb/Zn tailings.In general, stem nodulation favored plant growth and nitrogen fixation of S.rostrata, but suppressed root nodulation.With the ability of stem and root nodulation, S.rostrata can be used as a pioneer plant species for remediation of Pb/Zn tailings. 相似文献
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石油污染地的土壤修复技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对石油污染土壤的各类修复技术进行了总结和归纳,并对各项技术的优缺点加以比较,提出了一套石油污染地生态恢复的流程。 相似文献
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采矿业产生的大量尾砂作为典型的污染源,其含有的重金属等有害成分在雨水浸淋下会直接或间接对周边环境造成污染。为研究尾砂中重金属的污染修复技术,以湖南郴州某废弃矿区的尾砂为研究对象,通过添加质量分数为2.0%的生石灰、还原铁粉、过磷酸钙等廉价修复材料,对尾砂中DTPA浸提态Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的含量变化进行研究,并就其含量变化所体现的时间效应及机理进行探讨。研究发现,还原铁粉对尾砂的修复作用最好,其次是过磷酸钙。还原铁粉使得尾砂中DTPA浸提态Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的含量分别降低了59.91%,56.53%,75.81%,35.78%;过磷酸钙使得尾砂DTPA浸提态Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的含量分别降低了48.85%,44.27%,44.27%,39.23%,可为尾砂中重金属稳定化工程实施提供参考。 相似文献
89.
A review of textile industry: Wet processing,environmental impacts,and effluent treatment methods
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The word “textile” means to weave and was taken from the Latin word “texere.” Nowadays, textiles not only fulfill humankind's basic necessity for clothing, they also allow individuals to make fashion statements. As one of the oldest industries, the textile industry occupies a unique place in India. It is responsible for 14% of the total industrial manufacture in India. However, the textile industry is also considered to be one of the biggest threats to the environment. Pretreatment, dyeing, printing, and finishing operations are among the various stages of the industrial textile manufacturing process. These fabrication operations not only utilize huge quantities of power and water, they also generate considerable amounts of waste. The textile industry utilizes a number of dyes, chemicals, and other materials to impart the required qualities to the fabrics. These operations produce a significant amount of effluents. The quality of effluents is such that they cannot be put to other uses, and they can create environmental problems if they are disposed of without appropriate treatment. This review discusses different textile processing stages, pollution problems associated with these stages, and their eco‐friendly alternatives. Textile wet processing is described in detail, as it is the key process in the industry and it also generates the greatest amount of pollutants in textile processing. The environmental impact of textile effluents is discussed, as textile effluents not only impose negative effects on the quality of water and soil, they also imperil plant and animal health. In this paper, various methods for treating textile effluents are described. Discussion of physical, chemical, biological, and advanced treatment technologies of effluent treatment are included in this paper. 相似文献
90.
土壤污染修复产业是环保产业新一轮发展的重点,其市场规模在未来可能是千亿级或万亿级。我国土壤污染修复产业发展面临要素支撑能力不强、配套基础条件薄弱和环境监管基础能力不足三大难题。需要从强化土壤污染修复人才的引进、储备和培养,以科技创新能力提升支撑土壤污染修复产业的发展,拓展投融资渠道、夯实土壤污染修复产业发展的资金保障三方面入手加强土壤污染修复产业的要素支撑能力建设;培育和壮大土壤污染修复产业集群,推进污染土壤污染修复环境管理与工程示范;完善土壤污染修复产业配套基础条件;加强环境监管能力建设,完善土壤环境管理体系,提升项目管理水平。 相似文献