主观性在环境侵权案件证据和证明中的作用研究

法院在审理环境侵权案件时,往往依赖于专业鉴定、行政标准、专家意见等等客观依据来确定案件事实.但因为环境问题的复杂性,以及民事主体自身举证能力的限制,经常出现双方举证均不充分,法院无法基于现有事实和证据得出结论的情况.此时,法官应当发挥自身能动性,主动应用主观的、甚至是非科学性的因素和手段,包括容忍义务、经验法则、自由心证等等,这些因素无法被赋予客观的标准,它需要法官基于自身的理性以及经验,结合社会一般观念、习惯等因素进行判断.     

鹤煤集团安全理念提升方法

总结鹤煤集团近年来在提升以安全理念为核心的安全文化方面值得推广的经验与做法。分析了公司推行的追求＂文明＂的安全目标理念、＂责任重于泰山＂的安全责任理念、尊重客观规律的安全风险理念、事故背后有故事的安全防范理念、赛马机制下的＂两条腿走路＂理念、＂木桶理论＂下的螺旋上升理念、系统工程论的齐抓共管理念以及以＂管理为中心＂的持续改进理念的理论和内涵,总结了以这八条理念为核心的安全文化建设与保障措施。最后进行实施效果的定量评估,共抽样分析179名员工,发现全部安全理念内容都有不同程度的提高。成果有助于类似煤矿企业树立安全理念、更好的建立安全文化,提高员工安全素质。     

可持续发展社会的生活理念与模式建立的探索

可持续生活方式是可持续发展社会中的基本生活类型，是实现可持续发展战略目标的社会基础。要使之成为我国社会的一种基本生活方式，关键在于民众普遍接受可持续道德价值观。     

A Systems Based Framework to Examine The Multi-contextural Application of the Sustainability Concept

A conceptual framework is generated through systems principles to explain sustainability’s wide diversity of interpretation and contextual application. Sustainability is reduced to a literal interpretation as the ability to sustain, and then expressed in simple systems as the ability of one system to sustain another system over time. This reinforces the importance of time in the sustainability debate, and suggests the concept can be legitimately applied to timeframes that have absolute limits. The framework is expanded to complex systems as the changing ability of one or many systems to sustain the changing requirements of one or many systems, over time. This accommodates multiple relations and system dynamics, and hints at the extraordinary complexity encompassed by the sustainability concept. Practical implications relate to the evolving meaning of sustainability, the need for continual change to remain sustainable, and that the sustainability concept can be validly applied to virtually any context or situation that exhibits a dimension of continuity. Derived criteria useful for clarifying contextual applications of sustainability include stating the how, what, why, who and for how long of sustainability, along with indicating the most appropriate hierarchical tier at which the concept is being applied.     

Justified Predictions about New (Different) Species Confirm the Theory

Russian Journal of Ecology -     

生态补偿概念探析

实施生态补偿,有利于加强对生态保护区、欠发达地区、资源开发区的扶持力度,促进清洁生产与循环经济,维护社会公平,优化发展环境,实现经济与社会、人与自然的协调可持续发展。科学、准确地理解生态补偿概念,有利于解决实施生态补偿制度过程中遇到的各种问题。本文在分析以往生态补偿概念的基础上,提出了一个包括生态补偿的目的、主体、对象、范围、手段和形式等主要内涵的生态补偿新概念,期望为业界进一步认识生态补偿内涵、早日就生态补偿概念达成共识提供参考依据。     

Life cycle assessment of an industrial symbiosis based on energy recovery from dried sludge and used oil

Recovering energy from wastes is a useful strategy for integrated waste and energy management in an eco-industrial park (EIP) and gives promising reduction of wastes, total energy consumption and operation cost. In Jinqiao EIP, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, an industrial symbiosis, based on the energy recovery from municipal sewage sludge and re-refined oil, was proposed in the central heat-supplying company of Jinqiao EIP. It is expected that hot off-gas or part of the steam from the central heat-supplying company could be used for sludge drying and used oil re-refining while the dried sludge and refined oil can be partial substitution for fossil fuel. For the purpose of assessing the environmental performance of this industrial symbiosis, life cycle assessment (LCA) was used and different scenarios were set up in this study to evaluate the Global warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP), Human toxicity air (HTA) and Total Environmental Impact Potential (TEIP) of the system. Results indicate that when the substitute ratio of coal by sludge is 14%, the proposed industrial symbiosis has the least environmental impact. Compared with the current situation (sludge is landfilled), co-combustion of dried sludge and re-refined oil with coal at optimal scale will release less CO₂, CH₄, NO_x, N₂O and CO, but more SO₂, H₂S, NH₃, HCl, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) and heavy metals.     

杜邦HSE管理经验在石油化工企业的借鉴与应用

借鉴杜邦安全管理经验与成果,围绕安全文化建设、组织实施HSE管理改进工作等内容,推行“属地主管”为核心的HSE责任制,开展HSE经验分享,加强对小事故和未遂事件的管理,发挥有感领导作用、行为安全（STOP）管理及HSE业绩考核管理等实践活动,提升了员工的安全理念,提高了企业的安全管理水平。     

基于能量的建筑结构抗震设计方法介绍

基于能量概念的抗震设计方法能较好地反映地震动三要素,特别是持续时间对结构引起的累积损伤破坏的综合影响,因此日益受到地震工程研究的重视.本文对地震作用下结构的总输入能量、结构总耗能的分配与分布、结构的耗能能力和具体设计方法等方面的研究现状进行了综合分析和介绍,为能量抗震方法的应用和推广提供参考.     

燃煤电厂工业共生模式潜力及政策现状分析

工业共生是循环经济思想实践的重要途径之一,近年来针对国民经济各行业共生模式的理论探讨也越来越多;然而,从实践角度,对各种共生模式在现实中的应用潜力及其现状问题的分析还没有深入展开。文章以燃煤电厂为例,通过现有统计数据分析和政策分析方法,对火电行业及其脱硫产品、热电联产2类共生模式的发展潜力进行了分析。结果发现,全国火电脱硫机组的比例约为80%,然而仅有约50%左右的二氧化硫被去除,其中占脱硫产品90%的脱硫石膏的利用率仅为30%左右,各个环节均有很大的发展空间;此外,热机组仅占全国火电机组装机总容量的18.2%,由于其利用形式多样,发展空间很大;通过梳理2类共生模式相关的政策体系,初步分析了目前可能影响工业共生发展的各种问题。