总余氯的分光光度法与快速法的检测方法对比

对水体中总氯的测定方法进行比对试验,其结果是HACH快速测定法与国标的分光光度法测定结果的相对标准偏差在可接受范围内;同时对测定结果进行统计分析显示,HACH快速测定法与分光光度法无显著性差异。     

真空加氯机及氯气吸收系统的应用

水厂应用真空加氯机代替转子加氯机，并设置氯气吸收系统，消除了 氯对环境的污染和对人体的危害，显著提出了出水余氯合格率。     

城市污水厂尾水氯消毒及其余氯控制技术进展

论述了城市污水消毒处理的必要性。预见在相当长一段时间内氯消毒将是我国城市污水消毒处理的重要方法。阐明了氯在杀死细菌的同时产生具有三致作用的消毒副产物 ,并且在尾水排入水体后 ,余氯会对水体生物体产生持续的毒性影响 ,为保护水生生物 ,需在氯化消毒后加以脱氯。对各种脱氯药剂进行分析 ,并指出氯化—脱氯工艺的不足 ,提出对于我国城市污水厂消毒工艺的建议。     

快速测试管法现场测定水中总余氯

余氯在水中极不稳定 ,需现场测定。通过研制一种测试管 ,从而能快速、简便地测水中的总余氯。常规法测定时间需要 3～ 5小时 ,而该测试管法仅需 1 0分钟。分析成本也大为降低     

电化学消毒法处理回用水的可行性研究

研究电化学方法对城市污水处理厂二沉池出水进行消毒的可行性。采用人工配水 ,在近似城市污水厂二沉池出水含菌量与含盐量的水质下 ,研究不同的运行条件下的杀菌效果。为电化学方法应用于中水回用消毒环节提供了试验依据     

氨氮浓度对活性炭深度处理工艺选择的影响

在广东省北江水源佛山段水质深度处理实验中,采用活性炭(GAC)和臭氧(O3)-生物活性炭(BAC)深度处理工艺,比较了两者对不同进水浓度下氨氮的去除效果,并对前加氯预处理工艺于氨氮的活性炭深度处理效果的影响进行了分析.结果表明:GAC和O3-BAC工艺对突发性氨氮污染具备耐冲击负荷能力.低氨氮浓度下,GAC和O3-BAC对氨氮的去除率接近(约40%),并随着进水氨氮浓度的增大而增加.两者出水中CHCl3浓度均未超标,但O3-BAC处理后的浓度更低.基于GAC工艺处理成本低于O3-BAC,建议优先采用GAC工艺.高氨氮浓度下,O3-BAC工艺除氨氮效果显著优于GAC,消毒后出水中CHCl3浓度也低于GAC的情况,建议优先采用O3-BAC工艺.若使氨氮去除率达最佳,则合适的氨氮浓度范围是:对O3-BAC工艺:0.57～0.62 mg/L,去除率高于93%.在0.43～0.62 mg/L时,去除率高于70%;对GAC工艺:0.5～0.57 mg/L,去除率介于70%～76.3%.O3-BAC工艺的适用范围宽.在合适浓度的沉淀池出水余氯下,可以在O3-BAC工艺前采用前加氯预处理工艺.     

Effects of fulvic acid and humic acid on aluminum speciation in drinking water

This article focused on the influences of fulvic acid and humic acid on aluminum speciation in drinking water. Factors including the concentration of residual chlorine and pH value had been concerned. Aluminum species investigated in the experiments included inorganic mononuclear, organic mononuclear, mononuclear, polymer, soluble, and suspended forms. It was found that the e ects of fulvic acid and humic acid on aluminum speciation depended mainly on their molecular weight. Fulvic acid with molecular weight less than 5000 Dalton had little influence on aluminum speciation; while fulvic acid with molecular weight larger than 5000 Dalton and humic acid would increase the concentration of soluble aluminum significantly even at concentration below 0.5 mg/L (calculated as TOC). Aluminum species, in the present of fulvic acid with molecular weight larger than 5000 Dalton and humic acid, were more stable than that in the present of fluvic acid with molecular mass less than 5000 Dalton, and varied little with reaction time. Within pH range 6.5–7.5, soluble aluminum increased notably in water with organic matter. As the concentration of residual chlorine increased, the e ects of fulvic acid and humic acid became weak. The reactions between humic acid, fulvic acid with large molecular weight, and aluminum were considered to be a multi-dentate coordination process. With the consideration of aluminum bioavailability, reducing the concentration of fulvic acid and humic acid and keeping the pH value among 6.5–7.5 were recommended during drinking water treatment.     

氯对医疗废物处置厂废水处理的影响

分析了医疗废物处置厂废水处理中如何消减氯对后续活性污泥处理工艺负面影响的问题。结合山西省某医疗废物高温蒸汽灭菌厂的废水处理实例,提出了一种利用生活污水中的氨氮来消减余氯对后续活性污泥处理影响的有效方法。     

电厂温排水对铜绿微囊藻生长影响的模拟研究

以水华藻种铜绿微囊藻为例,在实验室内模拟内陆电厂温排水中温升和游离余氯的联合作用,研究其对铜绿微囊藻生长与光合活性的影响.结果表明,在适宜铜绿微囊藻生长的温度范围内,一定程度的温升会促进其生长,且水域温度本底值较低时,温升更有利于铜绿微囊藻的生长.铜绿微囊藻对游离余氯非常敏感,在大于0.1mg/L情况下,光合活性会下降,抑制作用非常明显,联合作用下,温升对于0.1mg/L游离余氯作用下铜绿微囊藻光合活性的恢复具有一定的促进作用,对于0.2mg/L作用下则没有.电厂排水口铜绿微囊藻会受到很强烈的抑制作用,藻细胞受到严重破坏,当加氯方式为连续加氯时,0.1mg/L余氯作用下的水域,微囊藻生长也会受到抑制.     

电化学氧化处理特殊点源含油污水实验

文章采用电化学氧化法对特殊点源含油污水进行预处理,实验考察了电解时间、电极结构、电流密度对污染物去除效果的影响以及可生化性的改善情况,探究了电解过程中余氯、总氯变化情况,并对比了静置与活性炭吸附对余氯和总氯的去除情况。实验结果表明,以Ti/RuO_2-IrO_2板状电极为阳极、金属Ti板为阴极,当实验条件为电流密度80 A/m~2、电解120 min时,氨氮去除率达95.5%,COD去除率达56.7%,B/C值由0.19提高到0.33,此时对应的能耗为8.36 (kW·h)/m~3;电解出水经活性炭吸附180 min后,余氯浓度降至0.97 mg/L,总氯浓度降至3.72 mg/L。