黄河三角洲贝壳海岛与植物多样性保护

根据1997－1999年调查，查清了黄河三角洲贝壳岛资源状况，研究了其高等植物物种多样性、植被类型、植物区系组成特点，分析了近年来因乱采滥挖贝壳资源对贝壳海岛和植物多样性破坏现状，提出了保护贝壳海岛和和植物多样性的对策与建议。     

Elemental sulfur effects on Pb and Zn uptake by Indian mustard and winter wheat

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, Indian mustard( Brassica juncea ) and a field crop, winter wheat( Triticum. aestivum). Elemental sulfur(S) with different rates was carried out, they were 0(S0 ), 20(S20 ), 40(S40 ), 80(S80 ), and 160(S160 ) mmol/kg respectively. Extra pots with the same rates of S but without plants were used for soil sampling to monitor pH and CaCl2-extractable heavy metal changes. The results showed that S enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and Zn from contaminated soil. Application S effectively decreased soil pH down to 1.1 as the most at the rate of Sl60. The concentrations of CaCl2-extractable Pb and Zn in soil and uptake of Pb and Zn by the plants were increased with soil pH decreased. A good correlation between CaCl2-extractable Pb/Zn and soil pH was found( Rpb^2 = 0.847 and RZn^2 = 0,991, n = 25). With S application, soil CaCl2-extractable Pb and Zn concentrations, concentration of Pb and Zn in plants and the amount of removal by plant uptake were significanfly higher than those without S. Under the treatment of S160, the highest CaCl2-extmctable Pb and Zn were observed, they were 4.23 mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg, 2.7 and 2.0 times as that of the control(So ) respectively. At the highest rates of S( Sl~0 ), both Indian mustard and winter wheat reached the highest uptake of Pb and Zn. The highest Pb concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 32.8 mg/kg and 537.0 mg/kg, all 1.8 times as that of the control, and the highest Zn concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 215.5 mg/kg and 404.0 mg/kg, 2.4 and 2.0 times as that of the control respectively. The highest removals of Pb and Zn from the contaminated soil were 0.41 rag/pot and 0.31 nag/pot by Indian mustard in the treatment of S160 through 50 days growth.     

植物对重金属的抗生和抗性代价

本文就植物对重金属污染的长期适应产生抗性，抗性试验技术及抗性代价几个方面的研究进行了简要论述和初步探讨。     

警惕外来生物入侵

据报道，截止１９９８年 １１月２４日，昆明世博会检验检疫办公室共检验检疫国内外参展植物７３６批次，草坪１６５２７９平方米，肥料 ８１００千克，木包装７件。经检验检疫截获有害生物 １６２批发，检疫和检疫监管发现有害生物 １６０多种 。对检疫发现的有害生物，检验检疫办公室根据病虫害的分布和危害情况，及时提出药剂处理意见，经防治合格后才准予调进世博园有关场馆种植。对其中带有国家颁布的危险性有害生物的３批次植物作了销毁处理，对１４批次带病虫的植物作了退货处理。 下面就让我们来看看外来生物的入侵是如何产生危害的…     

环境污染与植物抗虫性

环境污染与植物害虫的发生,国内外都有人研究和论述过。然而,环境污染与植物抗虫性的关系却很少有报导。本文就国内外有关这方面研究情况介绍点滴。植物抗虫性的利用是农业防治虫害保护环境的一个重要方向。因此,研究在污染条件下植物抗虫性的变化及其机制,对选育抗污染的植物品种和抗虫性植物品种,以及预测植物害虫的发生都有实际意义。植物抗虫性的研究国内外早在五,六十年代就已经作了大量的工作。美国S.D.Beck和J.B.Maltais等对玉米螟和蚜虫抗性植物的研究指出,植物的抗虫性是综合性的:有     

谈谈指示性植物和大气污染监测

谈谈指示性植物和大气污染监测苍山县环保办李建立人们在运用先进的仪器设备进行污染监测的同时，正广泛地利用绿色植物对大气污染进行监测，因为部分绿色植物对大气环境中有害物质具有很强的敏感性，通常在污染物浓度较低的情况下，受害症状比较显著，对大气环境状况起到...     

厦门西港和九龙江口浮淤植物生化组成及其环境因子效应

厦门西港和九龙江口浮游植物碳化合物与光强盐度和叶绿素ａ均显著正相关，蛋白质与光强有负相关关系，脂类受光强的影响较小，蛋白质与碳水化合物之比与氮磷比显著正相关。１０月该海域浮游植物叶绿素ａ与生化组分含量都比４月高，与１０月海水温主和海面辐照度较有关。     

环境样品中^14C—Bap的转化分析

苯并[a]芘(简称Bap)是一种强致癌的多环芳烃.污水中的Bap进入环境后,迅速沉积于土壤,和土壤粘粒成结合态长期存在下去.一部分可以被光解或生物降解,也有一小部分被植物吸收和被代谢.本文利用~(14)C-Bap示踪方法,通过放化分离,把~(14)C分成若干形态,来研究环境要素和植物中Bap的存在和转化规律.     

植物样品氟测定过程中几个问题的讨论

氟离子电极法用于水质分析较为方便,而对于生物样品,因其组成较复杂,氟化物形态较多,测定时的溶样过程对测定结果影响很大。由于采用不同方法的溶样、测定,所得结果必然产生不同程度的差别。本文选取测定过程比较简便,回收率及精密度较高的方法,进行植物氟化物的分析,并就几个问题作了讨论。