2-氨基-2,3-二甲基丁酰胺氧化合成热危险性研究

为研究2-氨基-23,-二甲基丁酰胺氧化合成的热危险性,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试2-氨基-2,3-二甲基丁腈和2-氨基-2,3-二甲基丁酰胺的热分解情况,采用反应量热仪(RC1)研究反应温度、双氧水滴加速度和氢氧化钠用量对反应的影响。研究结果显示,2-氨基-2,3-二甲基丁腈吸热热分解温度为149.5℃2,-氨基-2,3-二甲基丁酰胺表现为吸热和放热2段分解过程,吸热和放热分解温度分别为234.4℃和456℃。反应放热速率主要为加料控制,但是,存在一定的热累积。热失控体系最高温度(MTSR)低于2-氨基-23,-二甲基丁腈和2-氨基-23,-二甲基丁酰胺的分解温度,高于体系沸腾温度,在热失控的条件下,反应体系容易导致冲料危险;在优惠的工艺条件范围内,提高反应温度,延长滴加时间,可降低反应的MTSR,提高热转化率和反应安全性。     

Mg(BH_4)_2和MgH_2对RDX热分解特性的影响

在黑索今(RDX)中加入具有高热值的金属氢化物(Mg(BH4)2和MgH2)有望提高RDX的爆炸性能,但同时给RDX的安全使用带来挑战。为了探索RDX与这2种金属氢化物的相容性与安定性,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究Mg(BH4)2和MgH2对RDX热分解性能的影响,并由DSC得到的数据计算动力学参数,参照GJB770B—2005的方法分析这2种金属氢化物与RDX的相容性和安定性。结果表明,加入Mg(BH4)2使RDX的表观活化能从159.22 kJ/mol增加至180.27 kJ/mol,加入MgH2使RDX的表观活化能降低至133.69 kJ/mol;Mg(BH4)2与RDX的相容性为1级,MgH2与RDX的相容性为3级,加入Mg(BH4)2使RDX的安定性有所提高,加入MgH2降低了RDX的安定性。因此,在将MgH2作为RDX的高能添加剂以前,必须首先提高其与RDX的相容性以保证试验和存储过程的安全。     

驾车族心脏安全扫描

心血管疾病越来越年轻化，尤其在驾车一族中比率逐年上升。因为开车时注意力高度集中，又缺乏运动，血液循环缓慢，所以驾车族已经成为心脏病的易感人群。     

LEEMAN PS950中阶梯光栅ICP光谱仪及其在环境分析中的应用

本文以LEEMAN中阶梯光栅ICP光谱仪为倒，介绍了新一代中阶梯ICP扫描光谱仪的结构、原理、性能及其特点。同时介绍了ICP光谱仪在环境分析中的初步应用。     

Biosorption of mercury by Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida: Influence of zinc, cadmium and nickel

The article investigated the adsorption of Hg(II) on Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida in monometallic system and in the presence of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II).     

Moisture distribution in sludges based on di erent testing methods

Moisture distributions in municipal sewage sludge, printing and dyeing sludge and paper mill sludge were experimentally studied based on four di erent methods, i.e., drying test, thermogravimetric-di erential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) test, thermogravimetricdi erential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) test and water activity test. The results indicated that the moistures in the mechanically dewatered sludges were interstitial water, surface water and bound water. The interstitial water accounted for more than 50% wet basis (wb) of the total moisture content. The bond strength of sludge moisture increased with decreasing moisture content, especially when the moisture content was lower than 50% wb. Furthermore, the comparison among the four di erent testing methods was presented. The drying test was advantaged by its ability to quantify free water, interstitial water, surface water and bound water; while TG-DSC test, TG-DTA test and water activity test were capable of determining the bond strength of moisture in sludge. It was found that the results from TG-DSC and TG-DTA test are more persuasive than water activity test.     

环球扫描

珠峰冰川消融发出危险信号 越来越多的证据显示,气候变化正对喜马拉雅地区产生着巨大的影响,连海拔8000米以上的区域都难以幸免。科学家们在努力寻求切实可行的解决办法,以面对冰川融化带来的高海拔洪水灾害和威胁。珠穆朗玛峰南坡冰雪融化的迹象,或使登山者将来无冰攀登世界最高峰成为可能。     

环球扫描

赫兹推动电动汽车租赁新潮流美国汽车租赁公司赫兹（Hertz）开始在中国提供电动汽车租赁业务,甚至同时提供司机。这一计划将在北京、上海和深圳三个城市推出,此举被看作是与中国先进汽车技术合作的标志。早在去年10月,赫兹就在纽约发起了其电动汽车的全球推广计划。在不到一年的时间里,已经在全球10个城市推出了电动汽车,并有多种品牌车型可供选择。作为全球最大的租车品牌,赫兹正致力于把电动汽车和插电式混合动力车推广到城市驾车     

第24个全国土地日特别报道之五:靠技术,更靠法律——国外土壤污染防治扫描

随着全球经济化的迅速发展,世界上的不少国家都曾遭遇土壤污染的难题。这引起各国的高度重视。一些国家利用先进的技术与严格的法规进行生态治理,积累了大量经验,值得中国学习与借鉴。     

Enhanced adsorption of phosphate by loading nanosized ferric oxyhydroxide on anion resin

Ferric oxyhydroxide loaded anion exchanger （FOAE） hybrid adsorbent was prepared by loading nanosized ferric oxyhydroxide （FO） on anion exchanger resin for the removal of phosphate from wastewater. TEM and XRD analysis confirmed the existence of FO on FOAE. After FO loading, the adsorption capacity of the hybrid adsorbent increased from 38.70 to 51.52mg.g-1. Adsorption processes for both FOAE and anion resin were better fit to the pseudo first order model. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that higher temperature （313K）, higher initial phosphate concentration （50 mg.L-1） and lower solution pH （pH value of 2） would be more propitious to phosphate adsorption. Competition effect of coexisting anions on phosphate removal can be concluded as sulfate 〉 nitrate 〉 chloride. Freundlich isotherm model can describe the adsorption of phosphate on FOAE more accurately, which indicated the heterogeneous adsorption occurred on the inner-surface of FOAE.