石油开发污水标准油的研制

本文研究了石油开发污水标准油的选择和制备方法。提出标准油的组成是正十六烷:异辛烷:苯=50∶40∶10(体积比)。验证了标油的实用性,对红外油份仪测定污油信号显示率系统偏低的问题提出了校正方法。选择了标油盛放的容器。研制的标油经考察浓度均匀一致,稳定期达一年以上,定值准确度误差为0.8％,达到国家一级标样指标。     

废干电池热解过程的物相变化研究——《废干电池无害化与资源化技术研究》第一报

章是已鉴定的广州市科技攻关项目《废干电池无害化与资源化技术研究》的第一报，该项目开发了热解-酸溶-同槽电解组合工艺。章简介废干电池回收的意义及回收工艺，重点论述废干电池在100-965℃范围内热解过程的物相变化规律，以及最适宜于酸溶提取废干电池锌锰元素的热解工艺条件。     

我国农药类环境内分泌干扰物使用现状和对策

环境内分泌干扰物(EDs)已成为全球关注的环境问题。很多农药，如杀虫剂六六六、DDT和除草剂乙草胺、莠去津等都是EDs。随着我国农业的发展，农药的使用非常普遍，用量不断增长，是我国EDs研究和控制的重点。本文分析了农药类EDs的危害和当前我国几种主要EDs农药的使用现状，提出了一些应对政策和建议措施。     

秦皇岛港油码头新建污水处理场的特点与分析

简要介绍秦皇岛港新建油污水处理场的基本情况，试运行效果和经济效益等。     

汾河着生硅藻种间关联和相关分析

通过对汾河12个采样点，21个优势种的关联和相关分析，它们中66％呈正相关，根据spearman秩相关系数计算结果．21个优势种可被分为4个生态种组，分别指示不同的环境条件。眼斑小环藻等可成为清洁水体的优势种；微小异极藻、谷皮菱形藻等为多污带指示生物，且耐污性强，亚平滑曲壳藻、冬季等片藻等种为α-中污带指示生物，具一定的耐污性；箱形桥弯藻、尖针杆藻等为β-中污带和清洁带的指示生物，对污染敏感。     

Intra-specific variations of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations in Songnen Plain, northeast China

Population demography, seed production, biomassallocation, net photosynthesis and transpiration of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations and between two years in Songnenplain, northeast China were compared. Strong differences betweenthe dry 1997 and moist 1998 occurred in vegetative shoot and sexualshoot densities, sexual differentiation and tiller densities, aswell as in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers perinflorescence, seed weights and biomass allocation in eachpopulation respectively (P<0.01). While strong differences betweenthe two populations occurred in vegetative shoot densities, sexualshoot densities, sexual differentiation and seed weights in eachyear (P<0.01). The differences between the two populations intiller densities and in biomass allocation to sexual shoots were significant (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences between the two populations in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers per inflorescence and biomass allocation to rhizomes and vegetative shoots (P>0.05). Excepting the transpiration rate in the early June, the differences between the two populations in net photosynthesis and transpiration rate of vegetative shoots and sexual shoots were strongly significant in the early June and July respectively (P<0.01). Relative stable variations in population demography and physiological traits between the two populations indicated that they are divergently in the Songnen Plain.     

Effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on the biochemical characteristics of municipal refuse in landfill bioreactors

Activity development of key groups of enzymes involved in municipal refuse decomposition was measured in laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycling and inoculation for about 210 days.The results showed that the enzymes(amylase,protease,cellulase,lipase and pectinase)were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycling and refuse inoculation.The total average of cellulase activity in digesters D3 operated with leachate recycling but no inoculation,D4 and D5 operated with leachate recyling and inoculation was much higher than that in digesters D1 and D2 without leachate recycling and inoculation by 88%-127%,117%-162%and 64%-98%.The total average of protease activity was higher in digester D4 than that in digesters D1,D2,D3and D5 by 63%,39%,24%and 24%,respectively,and the positive effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on protease activity of landfilled refuse mainly was at the first two months.The total average of amylase activity was higher in digesters D3,D4 and D5 than that in digesters D1 and D2 by 83%-132%,96%-148%and 81%-129%.During the early phase of incubation,the stimulatory effect of inoculation on lipase activity was measured,but refuse moisture was the main factor affecting lipase activity of landfilled refuse.The inoculation,initial and continuous inoculation of microorganisms existing in leachate,was the mainly stimulatory factor affecting pectinase activity of landfilled refuse.     

胶束增溶分光光度法测定抗静电剂中无机磷

本文研究了CV—PMo离子缔合物在聚乙烯醇的增溶下，对抗静电剂中的无机磷进行测定，结果令人满意。     

炼厂碱渣吸附过滤法脱油的探讨

本实验依据同极性分子之间相互亲和的原理,采用高分子材料(聚胺酯)作为过滤器对碱渣进行了深度脱油处理,通过一系列的对比实验,肯定了聚胺酯在脱油过程中起到的显著作用,改善了碱渣生产环烷酸过程中脱油程度不够的问题,具有较大的可行性,此外,此法在含油污水处理上亦有较大潜力。