Queue up, please! Spermathecal filling in the rove beetle Drusilla canaliculata (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)

Most studies on insect sperm motility have been conducted in vitro using artificial environments outside the animal’s body. Only little is known about the function of motile insect sperm at different sites within the male or female genital tracts. We dissected genital tracts of female rove beetles (Drusilla canaliculata) to show that spermatozoa use their own motility to migrate from the spermatophore into the spermatheca. Our dissection method allowed direct observation and filming of the spermathecal filling process inside the female’s genital tract. Spermatozoa were found to enter the spermatheca individually, sometimes in groups of two or three. Although exhibiting only weak motility and no progressive motion in buffer solution, the spermatozoa inside the female show vigorous lashing and reach an average velocity of 47.5 μm s⁻¹. To gain mobility and speed, the spermatozoa likely utilize the relatively small diameter of the spermathecal duct to push themselves off the duct walls, rather than swimming freely in seminal fluid. The spermatozoa (approximately 1,250 μm) are considerably longer than the distance they have to travel along the spermathecal duct (approximately 800 μm). Our study provides the first direct observation of active sperm migration within the female of an insect stressing the importance of the genital tract as a prerequisite for functional sperm motility.     

金属网阻火器设计参数的优化选择

就不同的火焰速度，应采用合理的金属同参数进行了研究，得出了临界消焰速度和金属网形状系数（ｄ／Ｗ）以及金属同层数之间的实验式。提出了网与网之间的理想间隔，并研究出多层金属网的最佳故数。按照本文提出的有关论据，便可在设计金属网阻火器时，对有关参数进行优化选择。     

利用焦炭吸附进行燃煤烟气脱硫脱氮技术的研究

介绍一种干法烟气脱硫脱氮工艺方法 ,利用一种非常容易获得炭质吸附材料经过简单的工艺处理后 ,达到燃煤烟气脱硫脱氮效果 ,整个过程不产生二次污染     

用活性炭提纯盐酸付玫瑰苯胺

盐酸付玫瑰苯胺(pararosaniline Hydrochlorlde,又名对品红)是分析大气SO_2的主要试剂。本文建立了用活性炭代替正丁醇提纯对品红的新方法,具有操作简便。省时,成本低、污染少等特点,产品质量好且稳定。实验结果显示,使用本法提纯的对品红在分析大气SO_2中具有较高的精密度和准确度。     

氟里昂废液的回收与再利用

利用活性炭比表面积大、吸附力强、而且效稳定性好的特性，来抽提氟里昂废液中的“油”份，经抽提回收的氟里昂达到了油分测定仪的使用标准，从而达到了回收再利用氟里昂的目的．     

餐饮废水治理方法的研究

对餐饮废水进行了实验研究。综合国内外对餐饮废水处理的工艺及原理。研究了一种经济实用的处理方法。结果表明 ,采用复合新型混凝剂 ,将废水经过混凝沉淀、砂滤及活性炭吸附深度处理后 ,达到国家正常排放标准 ,经过消毒处理后的水可用于生活杂用水。     

利用烷基化废硫酸生产活性白土

论述了硫酸烷基化废酸的处理方法，并用来生产活性白土。试验结果表明，工艺可行，解决了硫酸烷基化废酸外排所造成的环境污染问题。     

稀土改进型Fenton氧化法处理高浓度活性染料废水

研究了稀土双氧水处理高浓度活性染料废水的最佳反应条件。探讨了双氧水加入量、稀土量、温度及反应时间对COD去除率的影响。     

Fenton试剂处理油田含聚污水中聚丙烯酰胺的试验研究

通过对我国油田含聚污水污染状况进行分析,提出处理油田含聚污水的关键是去除污水中的聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM).以聚丙烯酰胺污水为处理对象,通过正交试验确定了Fenton试剂各影响因素的影响权重,并深入研究了Fenton试剂中各影响因素的作用机制,同时通过分别试验确定了Fenton试剂处理聚丙烯酰胺污水的最佳操作条件:Fe2 和H2O2浓度分别为400mg/L、1.0mL/L,反应温度40 ℃、反应时间15 min,反应体系的pH为3左右,HPAM的降解率能达到88%以上,COD降解率高达97%.     

Geochemical techniques on contaminated sediments-river basin view

The big flood in the upper Elbe River catchment area has revealed a wide spectrum of problems with contaminated sediments. So far, an effective strategy for managing contaminated sediments on a river basin scale is still missing and it seems that not much has been learned from the lessons received during the last decade. In the following overview, special emphasis is given to the utilization of geochemically-based techniques for sediment remediation, which can be applied in different parts of a river basin. The examples presented here are mostly from the Elbe River catchment area. In general, new technical problem solutions need a set of practical process knowledge that uses a wide range of simulation techniques, as well as models in different spatial and temporal scales. The evaluation of recent flood events clearly demonstrates the importance of chemical expertise in the decision-making process for the sustainable development in river basins.