基础研究与林火实践

通过介绍森林火灾的双重性分析森林火灾的几个典型现象,探讨了如何对森林火灾进行基础研究和模拟实验。并从着火过程,林火行为,阻炎林带的阻火机理三个方面论述了基础与林火初中之间的关系。     

具反硝化能力的氢细菌特性及其应用

系统地将具有反硝化能力的氢细菌基本特性作了总结，并讨论了其生物膜的培养方法和其在水处理上的应用。     

催化氧化—碱渣回流深度处理高浓度染料废水

在多种酸碱染料废水进行混合、中和的基础上,以铁屑为催化剂,H_2O_2为氧化剂,控制适当的pH,进行催化氧化,破坏染料分子结构,再辅以石灰碱渣回流中和,炉渣过滤,出水中有机质和色度均可大幅度下降,COD_(cr)的去除率>95％,色度去除率>99％。     

城镇生活垃圾转运技术的探讨

对垃圾转运系统的基本知识做了简要介绍,详细阐述了目前生活垃圾常用的转运模式,介绍了垃圾转运过程中的二次污染及控制技术,分析了现行主要的垃圾转运技术及其发展趋势。     

Basic features,conjunctive searches,and the confusion effect in predator–prey interactions

The confusion effect describes the observed decrease in the likelihood that a predator will successfully catch any prey when attacking larger groups of moving prey. We introduce readers to the work of cognitive psychologists interested in human visual attention who have been studying their own version of the confusion effect for many years, developing methods and concepts that may be of fundamental utility to behavioral ecologists. In psychology, ‘basic features’ are characteristics unique to a target object in the visual field that no distracter objects share. Images containing targets with basic features are often less likely to induce the confusion effect in human subjects. Target objects with conjunctions of features, on the other hand, have no individual characteristics unique from distracters, but unique characteristics in combination. Such targets more often induce the confusion effect in humans. We propose the ‘basic feature’ (vs. conjunctions of features) as a new organizing concept for studies on the occurrence of the confusion effect in nature, potentially allowing predictions about which types of prey groups are likely to induce the confusion effect in predators.     

Creating Defensible Space in the Wildland–Urban Interface: The Influence of Values on Perceptions and Behavior

We examined the effect that value orientation to forests and wildland fire management has on an individual’s decision to create defensible space around his or her residence in the wildland–urban interface. Using data from a mail-back questionnaire, respondents in north central Minnesota were clustered by basic value–laden beliefs toward forest and wildland fire management and compared across a number of perceptions and behaviors related to creating defensible space around residences. Value orientation groups differed in attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control toward creating defensible space. In addition, relative effects of these perceptions on intention to create defensible space differed across groups. Implications lie in (a) understanding differences in motivations and reasons for support of strategies for managing fires near the wildland–urban interface, (b) developing information designed to address the perspectives of different groups related to creating defensible space, and (c) contributing to an improved integration of land management and public concerns and interests.     

Al（Ⅲ）－磷酸盐溶液的水解－沉淀特性研究─—热力学模型

依据碱滴定实验结果和磷酸根对Ａｌ（Ⅲ）水解－沉淀过程作用机理，建立了磷酸根存在下Ａｌ（Ⅲ）水解－沉淀过程的简单理想热力学模型。按此模型计算出的ｐＨ－Ｂ曲线与滴定ｐＨ－Ｂ曲线能较好地吻合，模型在一定程度上揭示了Ａｌ（Ⅲ）－磷酸盐溶液体系中Ａｌ（Ⅲ）水解－沉淀的特性，并为研究聚磷氯化铝奠定了理论基础。     

纳米TiO2的制备及其对碱性品绿染料废水的降解

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2颗粒,并用SEM和XRD对其进行了表征.以高压汞灯为光源,以纳米TiO2为光催化剂降解碱性品绿废水.研究了光源性质、催化剂的加入量、溶液pH值、碱性品绿的初始质量浓度对碱性品绿降解率的影响.研究结果表明,在高压汞灯照射下、TiO2质量浓度为0.4 g·L-1,pH值为7、碱性品绿质量浓度为2 mg·L-1、光照时间为120 min的条件下,碱性品绿降解率达93.6%.     

南岳森林土壤的研究——Ⅰ.基本特点和土壤紧实度

本文介绍了南岳的自然条件以及森林土壤的基本特点如酸碱度、土壤含水量、比重、浸水容重、质地、有机质、有效氮、速效磷、速效钾等情况。作者首次应用定量方法即回归分析研究了土壤紧实度与土壤层次、结构及其有机质含量的关系,还讨论了土壤侵蚀和人畜践踏对土壤紧实度的影响。     

环保查询分析决策系统的研发

环保查询分析决策系统基于电子地图和数据库,能同时操纵数据库和AutoCAD,使得查询系统既实用又有效率.随着IT产业的迅猛发展,信息化办公手段也日益成熟完善.计算机的利用率逐步提高,逐渐成为人们日常工作和生活中不可缺少的一部分.近些年来,环境保护工作的不断深入,为提高机关工作效率,按照党的"十六"大提出的机关办公的电子化的要求,开始研究环保查询分析决策系统.《环保查询分析决策系统》的研制开发,就是为了适应新形势和新工作,将电子地图、数据库和环境管理的内容结合在一起,为环境管理提供技术支持和科学依据,为区域环境管理的查询分析决策提供技术支持.