海南岛沿海牡蛎体中PAHs的时空分布及其健康风险评价

2009~2014年对海南岛沿岸近江牡蛎(Crassostrea rivularis)体中16种PAHs的污染水平、空间分布及趋势变化进行了研究.结果表明,海南岛沿岸牡蛎体中多环芳烃(PAHs)含量范围为289~2426ng/g d.w.,平均值为856.7ng/g d.w..与国内外相比,海南岛牡蛎体PAHs含量处于中等水平.海南岛牡蛎体PAHs含量表现出一定的空间差异,平均含量大小顺序为:八所港>榆林港>马袅港>东寨港. Mann-Kendall检验结果显示,八所港牡蛎体中PAHs含量有显著上升趋势(P0.05).组分分析结果显示,海南岛牡蛎主要以2~3环的低分子量PAHs为主(62.3%~92.5%).来源分析表明牡蛎体PAHs主要为石油源和油类燃烧源.风险评价结果显示,八所港牡蛎的PAHs致癌风险超过最大可接受致癌风险(10-5),但尚未达到严重的致癌风险(10-4),而其他站点牡蛎均处于可接受致癌风险水平.本研究建议居民对八所港牡蛎和海南其它牡蛎的日均消费量分别不超过56g和 67g.     

Source and Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Taiwan Sediments

Coastal sediments and oyster farming is severely affected by the industrial effluents in the coastal region near LuGong, Taiwan. Surficial sediments and oyster samples were collected from a coastal area near a major electro-plating industry. Spatial variation in heavy metal contents in sediments was studied in relationship to the main pathway of contamination and geochemical association with natural constituents of the sediments.

Spatial trends of heavy metals in the sediment reflected inputs of pollutants from the poorly-treated electro-plating effluents in the surrounding county and transported downstream by the Yang-tse-tru River. Effluent related heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Cd) is extremely high in the study region sediments. the highest concentrations were observed near shore, especially upstream in the Yang-tse-tru River sediments. Heavy metal concentrations decreased rapidly in a seaward direction. Heavy metal concentrations in near shore sediments were as high as some highly industrialized harbour sediments in the USA (e.g. Boston and San Diego).

Significant differences and high concentrations of heavy metals were also observed in oysters from the study region. Heavy metals from the study region were two to five times higher than in oysters from other pristine areas in Taiwan.