大亚湾大中型浮游动物的时空变化及其影响因素

根据2006年7月至2007年l1月在大亚湾四个季节的浮游动物调查资料,分析了大亚湾浮游动物的种类组成、优势种、群落结构、丰度和生物量的时空变化以及环境对其影响.经鉴定共有终生浮游动物105种和阶段性浮游幼虫17个类群.与以往调查资料相比,部分优势种的优势程度顺序发生了改变.由于受到季风、环流和人类活动等的影响,大亚湾...     

渤海莱州湾沉积物-水界面溶解无机氮的扩散通量

为了解不同条件下沉积物中有机物对水体无机氮的贡献,采用野外采样和现场培养法,在１９９７－０５和１９９７－０７莱州湾２个航次进行了沉积物－水界面营养盐扩散通量的实验研究,ＮＯ－３和ＮＨ＋４的扩散通量分别为０．０３８—３．６５ｍｍｏｌ／（ｍ２·ｄ）和０．９６—２．５２ｍｍｏｌ／（ｍ２·ｄ）．培养结果说明充氮或充空气与加氯化汞或不加氯化汞对沉积物－水界面溶解无机氮的扩散通量没有明显影响．莱州湾底部营养盐的扩散通量与其它地区比较处于中等偏上水平．     

Developing an empirical model of phytoplankton primary production: a neural network case study

We describe the development of a neural network model for estimating primary production of phytoplankton. Data from an enriched estuary in the eastern United States, Chesapeake Bay, were used to train, validate and test the model. Two error backpropagation multilayer perceptrons were trained: a simpler one (3-5-1) and a more complex one (12-5-1). Both neural networks outperformed conventional empirical models, even though only the latter, which exploits a larger suite of predictive variables, provided truly accurate outputs. The application of this neural network model is thoroughly discussed and the results of a sensitivity analysis are also presented.     

哑铃湾网箱养殖对水环境的影响

2002-04～2003-01对哑铃湾不同网箱养殖区水质和底泥的实地监测调查和分析表明,哑铃湾网箱养殖对环境的影响主要是:①使得养殖水环境中营养盐、BOD、COD、有机质和TSS增加,尤其是PO₄^3--P和NH₃-N增加更为明显;②使得底泥沉积物中N、P、硫化物、有机质等大量富集,其中富集现象最明显的是P、硫化物和NH₄-N,其次是TN和有机质.     

网箱养殖N、P物质平衡研究--以广东省哑铃湾网箱养殖研究为例

通过借鉴封闭系统水产养殖物质平衡的观测思路,把网箱当作黑箱,对广东省哑铃湾一个典型鱼排网箱养殖的物质平衡进行了观测和计算,建立了网箱养殖N、P物质平衡方程.结果表明,网箱养殖N、P物质的利用率比基塘、虾池等封闭系统要低得多,而且网箱养殖N、P的输入主要是投饵造成的,而输入的N、P物质,在水环境中发生一系列的迁移、转化,除了10%左右被利用收获外,其余的大部分被水动力带走,污染临近水域,还有一部分则沉积在底泥中,形成内源污染.     

MSWNet: A visual deep machine learning method adopting transfer learning based upon ResNet 50 for municipal solid waste sorting

● MSWNet was proposed to classify municipal solid waste. ● Transfer learning could promote the performance of MSWNet. ● Cyclical learning rate was adopted to quickly tune hyperparameters. An intelligent and efficient methodology is needed owning to the continuous increase of global municipal solid waste (MSW). This is because the common methods of manual and semi-mechanical screenings not only consume large amount of manpower and material resources but also accelerate virus community transmission. As the categories of MSW are diverse considering their compositions, chemical reactions, and processing procedures, etc., resulting in low efficiencies in MSW sorting using the traditional methods. Deep machine learning can help MSW sorting becoming into a smarter and more efficient mode. This study for the first time applied MSWNet in MSW sorting, a ResNet-50 with transfer learning. The method of cyclical learning rate was taken to avoid blind finding, and tests were repeated until accidentally encountering a good value. Measures of visualization were also considered to make the MSWNet model more transparent and accountable. Results showed transfer learning enhanced the efficiency of training time (from 741 s to 598.5 s), and improved the accuracy of recognition performance (from 88.50% to 93.50%); MSWNet showed a better performance in MSW classsification in terms of sensitivity (93.50%), precision (93.40%), F1-score (93.40%), accuracy (93.50%) and AUC (92.00%). The findings of this study can be taken as a reference for building the model MSW classification by deep learning, quantifying a suitable learning rate, and changing the data from high dimensions to two dimensions.     

哑铃湾网箱养殖水体中N的含量特征

根据2002年4月～2003年1月对哑铃湾网箱养殖海区水化学的现场调查,分析了网箱养殖水体中不同形态N的季节变化和含量特征,结果表明:网箱养殖使水体中各形态N都有不同程度的增加,尤其是DIN、NH4 N的增量更大;短期养殖对各形态N的影响不大,而长期养殖对水体中N的影响较显著。     

南海东北部考洲洋海洋渔业环境质量评价

根据1999年考洲洋12个调查站的观测资料,按我国有关的环境质量标准,用质量指数法分级评价考洲洋的环境质量。结果表明：考洲洋的环境质量总体较好,但轻微污染偶有发生,石油类是主要污染物,其次为PO4-P。2月(枯水期)在5测站的表层沉积物中有机质含量略有超标,3测站海水和2测站表层沉积物受石油类轻污染,1测站的海水受Cu轻污染。8月(丰水期),5测站的海水受PO4-P轻污染。     

大亚湾海洋生物体重金属含量与变化趋势分析

根据2001年11月大亚湾15个调查站、20个生物种类共计63个生物样品的Cu、Pb、Cd和Hg含量检测结果,阐述了大亚湾近期海洋经济种类生物体的重金属含量水平。结果表明：鱼类、蟹类、虾类和头足类生物体重金属含量分别为：Cu0．16～11．85、Pb0．17～0．54、Cd0．02～0．25和Hg0．007～0．087mg／kg。虾蟹和蟹类体中Cu、Pb、Cd和Hg含量最高,鱼类最低,头足类居中;本调查结果除Pb的含量略高于1992年的调查结果外,Cu、Cd和Hg的含量略低于或相当于10年前的调查水平：与中华人民共和国农业行业标准“无公害食品：水产品有毒有害物质限量”衡量,目前大亚湾鱼类、虾、蟹类和头足类生物体中Cu、Pb、Cd和Hg的平均含量均未超标准,经济种类生物体重金属安全卫生质量尚好。     

哑铃湾网箱养殖水体中N、P的形态特征及其季节变化调控机制

2002年4月～2003年1月四个季度,对哑铃湾典型网箱养殖区N、P几种形态含量进行了实地调查和分析。结果表明,在该养殖区,N、P的存在形态都以溶解态为主,各种形态的季节变化都受网箱养殖活动和浮游植物的生长状况综合调控;在该海域,从N/P值的角度来看,P是比较缺乏的,但是从浮游植物可利用的角度来看,无机磷却相对过剩。