水体中高锰酸盐指数的流动注射分析方法

研究了用流动注射分析技术测定水体中高锰酸盐指数。使用新发明的耐腐蚀恒流泵、低记忆高效混合器、不存留气泡流通池等部件，通过高温高压，缩短消解时间，从而建立了一种可用于无人值守的自动在线快速监测水体中高锰酸盐指数的分析方法。     

水中乙醛、丙烯醛和丙烯腈3种测定方法的对比

对比研究了大体积直接进样填充柱气相色谱法、顶空-气相色谱法和吹扫捕集-气相色谱法等3种测定水中乙醛、丙烯醛和丙烯腈的方法.结果表明,大体积直接进样法设备简单,但手动进样耗力费时,且灵敏度低,精密度差,直接水样分析易影响色谱柱和检测器的使用寿命;顶空法稳定性好,线性范围宽,相关性和精密度好,适合较高浓度水样的分析;吹扫捕集法操作简便,峰形好,检出限低,回收率高,适合低浓度水样的分析.顶空法和吹扫捕集法自动化程度高,均适用于大批量样品分析.     

FS—IV^＋流动注射仪测定地表水中氨氮

铵与碱性酚和次氯酸钠反应生成靛蓝化合物，其色度与铵的浓度成正比，亚硝基氰化物使蓝色增强，在660nm处测量吸光度值；采用Flow Solution-IV^＋（FS-IV^＋）流动注射仪测定地表水中氨氮，检测范围0～10．00mg／L，检出限0．008mg／L，分析速率51个样S／h；对方法精密度、准确度、加标回收进行了实验，结果令人满意。该方法具有自动进样、分析速率快、试剂耗量低等优点，可应用于大批量常规地表水分析。     

漆酶对活性黑KN-B和直接大红染料的脱色性能

利用白腐真菌漆酶对活性黑KN-B和直接大红2种偶氮染料进行脱色实验。考察反应时间、加酶量、pH值、染料浓度、温度对脱色率的影响，研究了ABTS介体以及金属离子存在下的脱色效果，并分析了漆酶脱色的动力学性能以及其对偶氮染料的降解规律。结果表明，活性黑KN-B和直接大红脱色适宜条件为：反应时间为30 min，加酶量8 U/mL，pH=7，染料浓度分别为50 mg/L和80 mg/L，温度40~45℃。ABTS介体对酶促偶氮染料脱色没有明显促进作用。Fe²⁺对漆酶脱色有较强的抑制作用；Cu²⁺对漆酶催化活性黑KN-B促进作用较大，对直接大红影响较小。漆酶对2种染料的脱色反应符合米氏方程，其催化活性黑KN-B和直接大红染料的K_m值分别为114.81 mg/L，317.5 mg/L，v_max值分别为6.57 mg/（L·min）和26.0 mg/（L·min）。     

DDTC—TX—100胶束增溶直接光度法测定水中低含量铜

ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ１００对ＤＤＴＣ（二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠）与铜反应生成的络合物Ｃｕ（ＤＤＴＣ）２有增溶增敏作用，建立了低含量铜直接光度测定法。操作简便快速，选择性、精密度和回收率均较好，相对标准偏差为０８％～４３％，回收率为９６％～１０６％，摩尔吸光系数ε＝６４×１０３Ｌ／（ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ     

硫氰酸盐-抗坏血酸体系流动注射光度法测定水中钼

建立了水中钼的硫氰酸盐一抗坏血酸体系流动注射分光光度测定法，优化了试验条件。方法在0mg／L～16mg／L范围内线性关系良好，检出限为0．19mg／L，废水样品测定的RSD≤I．6％，加标回收率为96．3％～104％，与国家标准方法的测定结果一致。     

Biosorption of Direct Yellow 12 from aqueous solution using green alga Ulva lactuca

The potential of commonly available green alga Ulva lactuca was investigated as viable biomaterials for removal of synthetic azo dye (Direct Yellow 12, DY-12) from aqueous solution. The results obtained from the batch experiments revealed that the ability of the U. lactuca to remove DY-12 from its aqueous solution was dependent on the dye concentration, pH, and algal biomass but less dependent on the particle size of the U. lactuca. The equilibrium conditions and kinetics of adsorption were investigated, and the adsorption kinetic was consistent with the pseudo-second-order model (R²=1). The adsorption isotherm followed only the Freundlich model with a correlation coefficient R²=0.99. This study demonstrated that the U. lactuca could be used as an effective biosorbent for the removal of DY-12 from its aqueous solution.     

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP)

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) was developed more than a decade ago to offer an alternative to prenatal diagnosis for couples at risk of transmitting an inherited disease to their offspring. Portuguese-type familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP type I), is an autosomal dominant disease presenting an inherited mutation in the gene encoding the plasma protein transthyretin (TTR). We here report the first protocol for single-cell detection of the Met30 mutation in FAP type I and its application to PGD. A nested PCR reaction for exon 2 of the TTR gene was developed. The PCR product was then analysed by restriction enzyme analysis and SSCP allowing the detection of the point mutation. Ten clinical cycles were performed in seven couples. From the 93 metaphase II (MII) injected oocytes, 82 were normally fertilized and 78 were biopsied. A positive signal in the nested PCR reaction was obtained in 61 blastomeres, corresponding to a DNA amplification efficiency of 78.2%. No allele dropout (ADO) or contamination were detected. A biochemical pregnancy was obtained in three cases and a clinical pregnancy in one couple is actually in normal evolution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非烟气工况下常规烟塔与改造烟塔内部结构的比较

根据流体力学理论,基于Fluent6.3.26计算平台,对常规冷却塔和改造后的排烟冷却塔进行了三维内部流场的模拟。分析非烟气工况下,两塔内部烟道布置对气流的影响,为进一步研究在工况条件下烟气、水蒸气塔内扰流与湿热蒸汽抬升作用提供理论基础。验证了改造烟塔内部烟道布置的优越性,对排烟冷却塔结构优化有一定的指导意义。     

Elemental Mercury Control by Novel Oxidant and Sorbent in an Entrained-Flow System

An entrained-flow system has been designed and constructed to simulate in-flight mercury capture by sorbents in ducts of coal-fired utility plants. The test conditions of 1.5 s residence time, 140°C temperature, 4.5 ppbv inlet Hg⁰ concentration, and 0–20 lb/MMacf sorbent injection rates were chosen to simulate conditions in the ducts. Novel oxidants developed in previous fixed-bed tests and novel sorbents derived from the novel oxidants were tested for their Hg⁰ capture in the entrained-flow system to examine the possibility of using those sorbents in a full-scale system. Darco-FGD and Darco Hg-LH served as benchmark sorbents with which mercury control capability of the novel oxidants and novel sorbents could be compared. The test results showed that the novel oxidants have remarkable Hg⁰ oxidation capability, and the novel sorbents showed a better performance in Hg⁰ removal than Darco Hg-LH.