购买审计与生态导向型消费探析

生态导向型消费需要政府采取一些措施来鼓励或强迫消费者在产品消费中符合环保要求。购买审计便是对消费者市场施加影响的手段之一，是内部审计的重要组成部分，它包括评估所有与购买商品和服务相关的组织政策和行为对环境的影响。探讨了地方政府购买行为对环境的影响和如何减少这些影响的方法，以及购买审计对生态导向型消费的影响。包括：购买审计的方法、生态型购买政策的成功实施、购买审计对生态型消费的影响。     

沈阳市中水回用对策研究及前景分析

为了解决全市水资源严重短缺问题，缓解污水排放对生态环境造成的破坏，沈阳市在今后5～10a内将建成中水回用系统，使城市中水回用率达到50％。结合沈阳市中水回用现状，分析了目前全市中水供应能力及市场需求，进行了2010年相应指标的预测，同时探讨了沈阳市中水回用存在的问题和解决方法。     

加快龙岩生态城市建设步伐

论述了建设生态城市的意义，提出了加快建设生态城市应做到五个结合。     

我国非煤矿山安全生产的差距

从我国非煤矿山安全生产立法、安全生产管理体制、监察执法、群众监督、宣传教育、科研、矿山企业等方面与国外矿业进行了对比分析，分析了我国非煤矿山存在的问题以及与国外的差距，最后分析了产生问题与差距的原因。     

池州国家级生态经济示范区生态系统价值的计算

利用Mark·T·Brown的自然资本能值法和Costanza的生态系统效益价值法,从经济角度分别计算了池州生态经济示范区的生态系统的资本价值和效益价值,得出该示范区生态资本可达7899亿美元,其中缓慢可更新生态资本和不可更新资本分别占24 8%和75 2%,是2001年本地区GDP值的1000倍;生态效益价值达192 3亿元人民币,是2001年本地区GDP的3 1倍,生态系统对环境贡献率大。通过价值计算进一步论证了池州生态经济示范区的生态示范作用,为充分合理地发挥生态系统效益促进经济与自然协调发展提供科学依据。     

秦皇岛市农业和农村生态环境保护对策

秦皇岛市乡镇工业污染长期居高不下,农业生态保护形势面临严峻挑战,治 理乡镇工业污染和加强农业生态保护应是今后工作的重点。     

秦皇岛市生态状况及资源开发利用水平分析综述

秦皇岛市区内生态类型多样,各类生态系统功能突出,自然资源丰富,尤其是海、旅游资源优势突出,为区域经济发展提供了良好的基础条件。该文对秦皇岛市生态系统平衡及资源开发利用水平进行了定量分析。     

关于制定连云港市水土保持生态建设规划的思考

连云港市地处欧亚大陆桥的东桥头堡,是沿海十四个开放城市之一,国家定位是将其建设成为连接太平洋沿岸与中亚地区的国际商贸中心和全国性的旅游城市。而目前的山丘区水土流失严重,植被稀少,生态环境恶化,与国家定位目标和连云港市发展目标相差甚远。因此在制定水土保持生态环境建设规划时,必须紧紧围绕改善生态环境这条主线,以增加农民收入和改善生存条件为突破口,因地制宜,坚持长期综合治理,方能实现“山川秀美”之目标。     

ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING: An Approach for Characterizing Tropospheric Ozone Risk to Forests

/ The risk tropospheric ozone poses to forests in the United States is dependent on the variation in ozone exposure across the distribution of the forests in question and the various environmental and climate factors predominant in the region. All these factors have a spatial nature, and consequently an approach to characterization of ozone risk is presented that places ozone exposure-response functions for species as seedlings and model-simulated tree and stand responses in a spatial context using a geographical information systems (GIS). The GIS is used to aggregate factors considered important in a risk characterization, including: (1) estimated ozone exposures over forested regions, (2) measures of ozone effects on species' and stand growth, and (3) spatially distributed environmental, genetic, and exposure influences on species' response to ozone. The GIS-based risk characterization provides an estimation of the extent and magnitude of the potential ozone impact on forests. A preliminary risk characterization demonstrating this approach considered only the eastern United States and only the limited empirical data quantifying the effect of ozone exposures on forest tree species as seedlings. The area-weighted response of the annual seedling biomass loss formed the basis for a sensitivity ranking: sensitive-aspen and black cherry (14%-33% biomass loss over 50% of their distribution); moderately sensitive-tulip popular, loblolly pine, eastern white pine, and sugar maple (5%-13% biomass loss); insensitive-Virginia pine and red maple (0%-1% loss). In the future, the GIS-based risk characterization will include process-based model simulations of the three- to 5-year growth response of individual species as large trees with relevant environmental interactions and model simulated response of mixed stands. The interactive nature of GIS provides a tool to explore consequences of the range of climate conditions across a species' distribution, forest management practices, changing ozone precursors, regulatory control strategies, and other factors influencing the spatial distribution of ozone over time as more information becomes available.KEY WORDS: Ecological risk assessment; GIS; Ozone; Risk characterization; Forests; Trees     

生态经济论

本文按生态发展历史进程，论述了，论述了生态经济发展的必然性。