反硝化聚磷菌快速富集、培养及其荧光原位杂交技术鉴别

以污水处理厂A2/O厌氧段污泥为种泥,采用膜生物反应器(membrane bio-reactor,MBR)对反硝化聚磷菌(denitrifyingphosphate-removal bacteria,DPB)进行快速富集及培养,并提供一种鉴别方法.试验中以乙酸钠为碳源,并在缺氧段投加一定浓度的硝酸盐,结果表明,在膜组件的高效截留作用下,经过厌氧-好氧和厌氧-缺氧2个阶段的富集培养,35 d内反硝化聚磷菌占全部聚磷菌(phosphate-accumulating organisms)的比例从24%上升到93%.此时系统的脱氮、除磷效率均可保持在90%以上.通过荧光原位杂交技术(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)并结合常规测定手段对活性污泥进行鉴别,确定Pseudomonas sp.和Rhodocyclus sp.为主要的优势菌.     

A further case with a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) derived from chromosome 1—evidence for high variability in mosaicism in different tissues of sSMC carriers

A prenatally ascertained case with a de novo small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) derived from chromosome 1 is reported. Due to a fetal heart defect the parents decided in favour of an induced abortion. Postmortem, a molecular cytogenetic study on eleven formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of the fetus was performed, to further characterize the levels of mosaicism of the sSMC(1). sSMC presence varied between 13 and 62% within different tissues of sSMC carriers. This finding is something common in sSMC carriers and could explain why up to the present no clinical correlations for sSMC mosaicism and clinical outcome in the corresponding carriers could be established. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Two unbalanced segregation products due to a maternal t(7;16)inv(16)

We report a prenatal case of a maternally inherited abnormal chromosome 16, originally interpreted as a pericentric inversion only, but after family studies re-interpreted as a pericentric inversion (16) accompanied by an unbalanced (7;16) translocation. Because of the inversion 16 and an elder son with developmental delay and craniofacial dysmorphic features, in the past karyotyped as 46,XY, the chromosomes 16 of the mother and son were carefully re-examined. Using a whole chromosome 16 paint and sub-telomere probes of 16p and 16q, the karyotype of the mother was shown to be 46,XX,inv(16)(p11.2q23.2).ish t(7;16)(q36;p13.3)inv(16). Subsequently one chromosome 16 of the elder son appeared to be a der(16)t(7;16)(q36;p13.3). This is probably the result of a meiotic crossover between the chromosomes 16 in the mother. The prenatal karyotype was finally interpreted as 46,XY,inv(16)(p11.2q23.2).ish der(16)t(7;16)(q36;p13.3)inv(16). This is the same cytogenetic imbalance as his elder brother: a partial trisomy of chromosome 7 (q36→qter) and a partial monosomy of chromosome 16 (p13.3→pter). Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

丝状细菌污泥膨胀的FISH探针研究进展

在活性污泥法处理污水的工艺中,丝状细菌的过度繁殖常引起大量的泡沫并引发污泥膨胀.该现象的发生导致二沉池的污泥不能有效地沉淀,并大量流出,影响了污水处理厂的正常操作.本文综述了引起污泥膨胀发生的7大类潜在丝状细菌及其相关生理生态学特性;列举了国内外现有的潜在丝状细菌的FISH探针及其相关的杂交条件.目前,在活性污泥丝状细菌的分类鉴定、胞外酶、细胞表面特性和相关生态生理学特性方面,荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术均起到重要的作用,而国内相关的研究很少.设计特异性的FISH探针,并以此进行定量荧光原位杂交,将是国内污泥膨胀问题未来研究的重点方向之一.表7参57     

复合式厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮性能研究

采用低速机械搅拌装置,以无纺布作为固定床的填料,把搅拌床与固定床的优点有机结合起来,设计一种复合式厌氧氨氧化反应器.在反应器中,生物滞留量相对较高,微生物的性状由接种时的碎絮状很快转变成颗粒状,短期内反应器系统的脱氮性能迅速提高,启动时间大为缩短.仅用38d,反应器中总氮去除速率稳定增长至1.9kg·m·-3d-1.随...