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排序方式: 共有112条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
GB/T14848—93《地下水质量标准》中推荐了一种评价地下水的方法,在实际应用时发现有如综合评价分值(F值)在水质分级时不连续等问题。本文对此,在单项组分评价分值Fi的计算及地下水质量级别的划分等方面提出了新的方法,不仅完善了该地下水的评价方法,并使该方法对于地面水的评价也有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
42.
Access to information about environmental quality may facilitate low-cost preventive measures that protect human health. In this paper, we study the demand for information about environmental quality and the behavioral response to the information provided. With a field experiment conducted in Bihar (India), we estimate the price sensitivity of demand for diagnostic testing of drinking water wells for arsenic of natural origin – a serious threat to the health of tens of millions of villagers across South and Southeast Asia. Demand is substantial but sensitive to price; uptake falls from 68% to 31% of households over our price range (Rs. 10 to Rs. 50). We further assess how households respond to information regarding the contamination level in their wells. About one-third of households with unsafe wells switch to a safer water source. Finally, we demonstrate that households that received adverse test outcomes are more likely to selectively forget test results, and proactively remove evidence of their wells' arsenic status. 相似文献
43.
本文根据对大量实际观测资料的统计分析认为:中国区域海面里缓慢上升趋势,在此背景下,不同地区升降趋向和幅度差异巨大;控制海面变化的因素具有多元化特点;在今后数十年内,气候和海平面的自然变化不剧烈,温室效应所引起的海平面上升幅度不超过1~2mm/a。 相似文献
44.
Scott Nunes Peter A. Zugger Anne L. Engh Kurt O. Reinhart Kay E. Holekamp 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1997,40(3):199-207
We examined the effects of food provisioning on the natal dispersal behavior of Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi). We provided extra food to adult and yearling females in their maternal territories during pregnancy and lactation, and
to offspring of these females in their natal areas for 6 weeks after weaning. We used unprovisioned young of unprovisioned
mothers as controls. Provisioning influenced the probability of dispersal from the natal area by female but not male S. beldingi. All surviving male S.␣beldingi dispersed by 55 weeks of age, regardless of whether they and their mothers received extra food. By contrast, we observed
a significant trend, beginning 3 weeks after weaning and continuing through the yearling year, for a greater proportion of
provisioned than control female S. beldingi to emigrate from the natal area. Competition for food did not appear to influence natal dispersal of females. However, overall
population density, density of females weaning litters, and rates of aggression and vigilance among these females, were higher
in provisioned than control areas, suggesting that competition for non-food resources was unusually intense in provisioned
areas. We propose that juvenile female, but not juvenile male, S. beldingi may emigrate from the natal site to increase access to areas with low densities of conspecifics. Together with findings of
earlier workers, our results suggest that spatial and temporal distributions of environmental resources are important influences
on the dispersal behavior of female ground squirrels.
Received: 28 February 1996 / Accepted after revision: 16 October 1996 相似文献
45.
A new variable-speed ground-coupled liquid desiccant air-conditioner was proposed and applied to a multi-storey office building in a temperate city of Kunming in China. Dynamic system simulations were performed to compare its performance with a constant-speed ground-source heat pump system. It was found that the use of the new system for a single-floor office reduced the annual unbalanced load to the ground heat exchanger borefield by nearly 70% together with a borehole depth reduction of up to 30%. For the case of a multi-storey office building, the number of floors served could be increased by 144% together with a reduction of CO2 emission by 43%. The results highlighted the merit of the new hybrid system with enhanced applicability when it was applied to a multi-storey office building in a temperate city. 相似文献
46.
Huang YF Wang GQ Huang GH Xiao HN Chakma A 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,151(3):460-469
To date, there has been little or no research related to process control of subsurface remediation systems. In this study, a framework to develop an integrated process control system for improving remediation efficiencies and reducing operating costs was proposed based on physical and numerical models, stepwise cluster analysis, non-linear optimization and artificial neural networks. Process control for enhanced in-situ bioremediation was accomplished through incorporating the developed forecasters and optimizers with methods of genetic algorithm and neural networks modeling. Application of the proposed approach to a bioremediation process in a pilot-scale system indicated that it was effective in dynamic optimization and real-time process control of the sophisticated bioremediation systems. 相似文献
47.
In this work, the potential for natural attenuation (NA) of Cr(VI) is evaluated for sub-wetland ground water at a chromium-contaminated site in Connecticut, incorporating the experimental findings of previous work at the site. Experimental data is assessed through long-term attenuation capacity calculations and modeling, which incorporates statistical uncertainty of parametric values. The NA evaluation yielded the following results: (1) Significant increases in Cr(VI) concentration and extremely long chromium source dissolution timeframes are required to exceed the attenuation capacity of the sub-wetland region soils studied in this work; and (2) Based on the 1-D transport modeling and incorporating input parameter uncertainty, there is an approximately 92% and 98% probability that the applicable regulatory criteria will not be exceeded at Point C, near a river which serves as the receptor, for the cases of (1) sorption of Cr(VI) only and (2) pseudo first order disappearance of Cr(VI) from the aqueous phase only, respectively. 相似文献
48.
Singh G Gupta SK Kumar R Sunderarajan M 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,130(1-3):173-185
The present study describes the development of empirical models for the prediction of various trace metals i.e., Mn, Cu, Fe,
Zn and Pb found in the leachates generated from the ash ponds of various thermal power plants. The dispersion phenomenon of
these trace metals followed first order reaction rate kinetics. The empirical models for individual trace metals derived from
the lab scale models data correlate well with the real field data with regression coefficients varying from 0.93 to 0.98.
The predicted concentrations of the trace metals varied within ±3% of the observed values in the leachates generated from
the ash ponds of four thermal power plants with standard deviation varying from 0.001 to 0.032. The empirical models derived
from the study can be applied for prediction of trace metals in leachates generated from similar thermal power plants. 相似文献
49.
50.
湖南省某企业职工住宅楼成孔灌注桩基础 ,部分桩单桩承载力经静载试验后不能达到设计要求 ,必须进行处理。本文通过对事故原因分析 ,处理方案的确定 ,结构和构造措施的采用等方面 ,分析与处理了这个工程事故 ,并在技术经济效果方面进行了对比。 相似文献