浅谈串联四极杆质谱（GC—QqQ-MS／MS）在土壤样品有机污染物分析中的应用

建立了ASE-GPC—GC-QqQ—MS／MS测定土壤中17种有机氯农药和19种多氯联苯以及MAE-SPE—GC-QqQ—MS／MS测定土壤中16种多环芳烃和18种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法。多环芳烃和邻苯二甲酸酯定量限在0．02～2．81μg／kg之间,有机氯农药和多氯联苯定量限在0．01～0．51μg/kg之间。样品加标浓度在5μg/kg时多环芳烃和邻苯二甲酸酯的平均回收率在66．6％～122．1％之间,相对标准偏差均小于20％;有机氯农药和多氯联苯平均回收率在79．6％～93．2％之间,相对标准偏差均小于15％。     

Characterization of humic substances of different origin by means of mass spectrometry and neural networks

Mass spectrometry fingerprinting of humic acids extracted from different soils has been carried out using laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-TOF MS). LDI-TOF MS provides characteristic mass spectra fingerprints for the humic acids of different origin. The information given in the fingerprints was evaluated for natural grouping trends in the samples by neural networks computing tools, such as self-organizing feature map (SOFM). This approach is efficient for recognizing patterns in the humic acids samples independently of their characteristic variability; variability characterizing natural products such as humic substances. The use of multi-layer perceptron artificial neural networks gave a successful classification of the samples.     

基于修正RMR法的深部岩体工程围岩质量评价研究

深部岩体工程具有典型的高地应力、高地温和高孔隙水压等特点,传统的RMR法对评价其围岩质量存在不足之处。通过考虑高压地下水和高地温对岩体力学性质的影响分别引入地下水和地温弱化系数,结合连续性细化方法对传统的RMR法中的岩石单轴抗压强度、岩石质量指标和节理间距等三个评价指标的评分标准进行了修正,获得了三个评价指标值与其对应分值之间的非线性连续回归方程。然后,根据岩体中地应力的大小及岩石强度特征定义了岩体损伤破坏危险度系数,建立了该系数与岩体质量评分修正值之间的对应关系。由此获得了比较符合深部岩体工程围岩质量评价实际的修正RMR法,并用实例表明了其评价结果的合理有效性。     

冷原子荧光法测定生活垃圾堆肥产品中汞

通过试验研究,建立了用王水消解、冷原子荧光法测定生活垃圾堆肥产品中汞的方法.本方法的检出限为0.006 mg/kg (按称取0.5 g试样消解定容至50 ml计算),用于国内不同地域的堆肥样品测定,其相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.55%～10.7%之间,加标回收率介于91.0%～108.0%,可作为一种较理想的检验堆肥产品质量的方法.     

New methods for identification of disinfection byproducts of toxicological relevance: Progress and future directions

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) represent a ubiquitous source of chemical exposure in disinfected water. While over 700 DBPs have been identified, the drivers of toxicity remain poorly understood. Additionally, ever evolving water treatment practices have led to a continually growing list of DBPs. Advancement of analytical technologies have enabled the identification of new classes of DBPs and the quantification of these chemically diverse sets of DBPs. Here we summarize advances in new workflows for DBP analysis, including sample preparation, chromatographic separation with mass spectrometry (MS) detection, and data processing. To aid in the selection of techniques for future studies, we discuss necessary considerations for each step in the strategy. This review focuses on how each step of a workflow can be optimized to capture diverse classes of DBPs within a single method. Additionally, we highlight new MS-based approaches that can be powerful for identifying novel DBPs of toxicological relevance. We discuss current challenges and provide perspectives on future research directions with respect to studying new DBPs of toxicological relevance. As analytical technologies continue to advance, new strategies will be increasingly used to analyze complex DBPs produced in different treatment processes with the aim to identify potential drivers of toxicity.     

原子吸收光谱仪的背景校正

介绍了原子吸收光谱仪的５种主要的背景校正技术（邻近谱线技术，连续光源法，塞曼法，自吸法及连续光源单色器波长调节法ＣＥＷＭ）及其主要产品，分析评述了各种校正技术的原理，特点及其应用状况。     

一种处理烟气的新方法：脉冲电晕等离子法

脉冲电晕等离子法烟气脱硝是近年来发展起来的一种物理和化学相结合高新技术，具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了脉冲电晕等离子法的电源和电极结构，阐明了此法烟气脱过脱硝的原理，去除效率及其影响因素，并提出了今后研究的方向和前沿课题。     

Huntington disease–unaffected fetus diagnosed from maternal plasma using QF-PCR

The discovery of fetal DNA in maternal plasma from early pregnancies has led to new opportunities for clinical application. In the last few years there have been numerous reported applications, mainly fetal gender and RhD genotyping. The prenatal diagnosis of some inherited genetic diseases such as Huntington disease is also very frequently required in the prenatal diagnosis routine. We have successfully diagnosed, with a non-invasive procedure, an unaffected HD fetus at the 13th week of gestation using fetal DNA from maternal plasma and the quantitative fluorescent PCR method, which is one of the most sensitive ways to detect fetal DNA in maternal plasma at such an early time of gestation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

细旦涤纶的氧等离子体改性清洁工艺研究

采用氧低温等离子体技术对细旦涤纶进行改性以提高其染色上染率，并探讨了氧等离子体放电时间、放电气压和放电功率对细旦涤纶各项性能的影响规律。