外源激素对白花龙插条生根的影响

研究不同种类和浓度的外源激素对白花龙生根能力的影响.结果表明,选择适当种类的外源激素和适宜浓度的外源激素可显著提高白花龙的扦插繁殖效果.其中,用250mg/L萘乙酸溶液浸泡插穗5min,其生根率最高,可达61.67%.     

基于职业安全分析的割灌机安全性改良设计研究

在林业、农业劳动中经常进行的割灌作业是职业安全风险较高的劳动形式,割灌作业产生的职业伤害主要分为慢性职业损伤和安全作业事故,割灌机的设计缺陷是导致割灌作业职业安全问题产生的原因之一。对割灌机的把手、工作杆、背带、背垫、油箱、安全防护装置进行安全性的改良设计能够降低操作者肌肉骨骼疾患的病发率,减少职业安全事故的发生。     

切割刃料碳化硅的再生处理工艺研究

采用化学反应除杂和水力沉降粒度重新分级的方法,通过酸洗、碱洗、水力分级、pH值调节、干燥、配料等一系列处理工艺,对废砂浆中的碳化硅进行再生处理,得到的再生切割刃料各项性能指标满足切割工业使用要求,实现了资源再利用和循环发展.     

Vegetation succession and lichen diversity on dry coastal calcium-poor dunes and the impact of management experiments

The negative impact of grass and moss encroachment on the botanical diversity of West European coastal dunes attracted increasing attention in the 1990s. This paper focuses on moss encroachment during primary succession in the xeroseries. Until the mid-1970s, vegetation types rich in species of the lichen generaCladonia andCladina were found on the fixed,Corynephorus canescens-dominated, so-called grey dunes all over the island of Terschelling, The Netherlands. In addition, species ofHypogymnia, Parmelia andUsnea, which usually grow on trees, occurred here terrestrially on moss carpets or bare sand. These vegetation types are still present on the Noordsvaarder, a nature reserve in the western part of the island. They occur on parts of seven dune ridges parallel to the coast and form a chronosequence in which age increases with distance from the sea. Our study found the highest lichen diversity on the second and third dune ridges in a stage of primary succession that can be assigned to theViolo-Corynephoretum. The changes from lichen-rich to moss-dominated stadia were significantly related to soil development and acidification in connection with the ageing of the dune soil. The superficial cutting of sods in moss-encroached vegetation appeared to be unsuccessful as a management technique for restoring the biodiversity of cryptogams. Our findings suggest that the best option for maintaining lichen vegetation in theViolo-Corynephoretum is the blow-in of sand with a subneutral or neutral pH from reactivated and natural blowouts or from foredunes, with increasing lime content respectively.     

Environmental management of the stone cutting industry

Environmental Management of the stone cutting industry in Hebron is required to reduce the industry's adverse impact on the downstream agricultural land and the adverse impact on the drinking water aquifers. This situation requires the implementation of an industrial wastewater management strategic approach and technology, within the available technical and financial resources. Ten pilot projects at different locations were built at Hebron to reduce or eliminate the incompatible discharge of the liquid and solid waste to the environment and improve the stone cutting industry's effluent quality. A review of existing practices and jar test experiments were used to optimize the water recycling and treatment facilities. The factors reviewed included influent pumping rates and cycles, selection of the optimal coagulant type and addition methods, control of the sludge recycling process, control over flow rates, control locations of influent and effluent, and sludge depth. Based on the optimized doses and Turbidity results, it was determined that the use of Fokland polymer with an optimal dose of 1.5mg/L could achieve the target turbidity levels. The completion of the pilot projects resulted in the elimination of stone cutting waste discharges and an improvement in the recycled effluent quality of 44-99%. This in turn reduced the long term operating costs for each participating firm. A full-scale project that includes all the stone cutting firms in Hebron industrial area is required.     

油气田钻屑与废泥浆固化处理技术的初步研究

由于钻井废弃泥浆流失会对环境造成严重污染，所以必须对废弃泥浆进行固化处理。通过大量实验研究，筛选出了分别适合于钻屑与高密度（ρ〉2.0g／cm^3）、中密度（ρ=1.6g/cm^3左右）、低密度（ρ=1.2g/cm^3左右）钻井废泥浆的几种固化剂配方。现场结合具体情况选用实验筛选的固化荆配方对废钻井泥浆和钻屑固化处理，固化物的强度达到0.3MPa以上，固化物浸出液中污染物含量达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级标准要求。     

皆伐作业对林地土壤因子的影响

对福建省永安市元沙林业采育场杉阔混交人工林林地皆伐作业前后土壤理化性质变化进行试验研究.结果表明,皆伐作业使林地土壤许多理化性质发生改变.皆伐导致土壤容重增大0.13 g·cm-3,土壤结构体破坏率提高12.50%,最大持水量下降6.65%,总孔隙度减小3.88%; 同时土壤主要化学性质,如有机质、全N、水解性N、全P、速效P、全K、速效K等普遍降低,它们的含量分别下降8.14 g·kg-1、0.18 g·kg-1、7.20 mg·kg-1、0.38 g·kg-1、39.98 mg·kg-1、6.95 g·kg-1和12.31 mg·kg-1; 此外,对皆伐作业造成土壤理化性质变化的原因进行了分析,并从森林生态采运角度出发,提出减少皆伐作业对林地土壤破坏的技术措施.     

新型大采高钻采法采煤机工业试验及工作面安全监测研究

国内外尚没有一种很好地适应厚煤层中小型矿井短壁开采的采煤工艺和综采设备,晋城煤业集团研制的新型高效一次采全高钻采法采煤机及其配套设备可解决这一难题。将新型采煤机在大采高综采工作面进行了工业试验,结果表明,首创"采内放外"采煤工艺的新型钻采法采煤机,具有先进性、低耗能性,经济高效。工作面矿压实测结果表明:工作面老顶为II级老顶,来压显现明显;回采期间,巷道支护效果良好;液压支架工作阻力具有良好的安全储备,能够有效地控制顶板,保证工作面安全,为新型采煤机的安全开采提供设备支持;新型采煤机安全高效开采表明其具有广阔应用前景。     

寒区公路土质路堑边坡滑塌原因及其防治

通过对寒区路堑土质边坡滑塌现象的调查研究，提出了寒区路堑边坡滑塌的主要原因及影响因素，尤其对“水线”的概念、成因、分布特征以及对边坡稳定性的影响，进行了详细阐述。在此基础上构建了寒区路堑土质边坡稳定性的力学模型。通过对春融期处于饱和状态的不同坡度（1：1，1：1．5，1：1．75）土质路堑边坡土体稳定性进行验算，提出了宜排水固坡不宜削坡稳定的寒区路堑土质边坡稳定措施，即在边坡上挖设树型排水渗沟，采用自身具备反滤层功能的土工材料做下层排水，再利用网状土工格室上层固土并种植喜水根深的马莲草的综合边坡稳定防治技术，并在哈同公路路堑边坡滑塌地段进行了工程应用和实践，经过两个冻融循环，取得了较为理想的防治效果。     

滚筒设计参数对粉尘爆炸率影响的研究

利用所建立的数学模型,以国产某型滚筒式采煤机为例,采用计算机模拟的方法,得到了采煤机最大切屑厚度、每线齿数、牵引速度、截线间距、滚筒转速、滚筒直径、叶片头数以及煤岩破碎性能指标与粉尘爆炸率之间的关系曲线,通过分析,确定了各参数对粉尘爆炸率的影响,为预测采煤机工作对粉尘爆炸率的影响、完善采煤机工作性能的评价体系,为改进机器设计、减小采煤机的截割粉尘、降低粉尘爆炸率、提高煤炭生产的安全性提供理论依据。