下山桩过渡栽培技术的研究

为了保证下山桩能够成活、提高其成活率并形成树桩的骨架,从素材选择、采掘、过渡栽培3方面研究了新掘树桩的过渡栽培技术。     

Prediction of the Transport and Dispersal of Oil in the South Caspian Sea Resulting from Blowouts

A 3-D hybrid flow/transport model is developed to predict the dispersal of oil pollution in coastal waters. The transport module of the model takes predetermined current and turbulent diffusivities and uses Lagrangian tracking to predict the motion of individual particles (droplets), the sum of which constitutes a hypothetical oil spill. Currents and turbulent diffusivities used in the model are generated by a numerical ocean circulation model (POM) implemented for the Caspian Sea. The basic processes affecting the fate of the oil spill are taken into account and parameterised in the transport model. The process of evaporation is modeled with the pseudo-component approach. The model is implemented for a simulated continuous release in the coastal waters of the south part of the Caspian Sea. Numerical experiments simulate 5- and 10-day blowout scenarios resulting from sources situated in areas were intensive and extensive development of oil deposits is expected soon. Oil slick movement and risk of coastline contamination by beaching of offshore oil spills are illustrated for different wind conditions.     

微塑料污染监测现状与研究进展

微塑料(粒径小于5 mm的塑料颗粒和碎片)普遍存在于水体、陆地表层土壤和空气中,严重影响着生态环境安全及人类健康。微塑料污染监测是环境污染治理与生态保护的重要数据基础。首先,在介绍国内外微塑料监测和研究进展的基础上,分析了微塑料污染的来源及其在陆地和水环境中的赋存状态、迁移转化路径。其次,分析了发达国家和地区在微塑料原位监测网布设、样品采集、分析测试和数据模型等方面的技术特征,对国内微塑料监测技术与方法进行了总结。最后,结合现阶段我国在微塑料监测和污染防治方面的不足,初步提出了针对我国微塑料污染监测技术发展和监测体系建设的对策建议,阐述了数据模型方法在微塑料污染监测中的重要作用。研究成果可为我国“十四五”期间微塑料监测网络和监测体系建设等提供参考和借鉴。