北京市与香河县大气臭氧及氮氧化合物的变化特征

于2005年春、夏之交,在北京市及河北省香河县两地同时开展了臭氧和氮氧化合物的连续监测.结果表明,香河县和北京市的臭氧统计日变化形式基本一致,北京市大气臭氧平均浓度比香河低,分别为28×10-9V/V和43×10-9V/V;大气中0x浓度北京市高于香河县,分别为72×10-9V/V和60×10-9V/V.观测期间,两地臭氧的月最高值出现时间一致,其中6月21日北京市的臭氧浓度最高达到200×10-9V/V,香河县也达到149×10-9V/V.在三次臭氧严重超标事件发生的前一天,两地都伴随有氮氧化合物的高浓度积累;南风时北京市和香河县的Ox浓度都比平均值高25%.     

大气中痕量挥发性有机物的结构表征和保留时间的估计与预测

采用分子电性距离矢量（MEDV）表征大气中痕量挥发性有机物的分子结构,同时采用逐步回归结合统计检测对模型进行变量筛选,建立了大气中痕量挥发性有机物定量结构-色谱保留（QSRR）关系的8个变量和5个变量模型,两种QSRR模型的建模计算值复相关系数（R）分别为0.937和0.931;留一法（leave-one-out）交互校验复相关系数（RCV）分别为0.901和0.906,表明模型具有良好的估计能力与稳定性.     

4-硝基苯胺与人血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

通过荧光和紫外光谱法研究了4-硝基苯胺与人血清白蛋白（HSA）的作用.结果表明,4-硝基苯胺对HSA的内源荧光具有强烈的猝灭作用.猝灭机理为静态猝灭,同时伴随有非辐射能量转移的发生.根据双对数方程计算其结合常数和结合位点数.确定4-硝基苯胺与HSA有一类结合部位.根据热力学参数得出4-硝基苯胺与HSA之间的主要作用力为氢键和疏水作用力.同步荧光的结果表明,作用点位靠近色氨酸,并且使色氨酸的疏水环境增强.     

玻璃弹簧负载镶嵌纳米粒子TiO2膜光催化降解活性深蓝K-R

以玻璃弹簧负载镶嵌纳米粒子的TiO2膜降解活性深蓝K-R模拟废水,考察了pH值和温度对脱色率的影响以及CODCr去除率与脱色率之间的关系,并用XRD和SEM对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,pH值和温度对脱色率均有显著影响,CODCr去除率与脱色率的比值约为70%左右;XRD表明,TiO2矿相主要为锐钛型,SEM表明,镶嵌TiO2粒子均匀,粒径约50nm.     

响应面法优化酸性玫瑰红B光催化氧化的影响参数

利用中心组合设计和响应面分析方法对影响UV/TiO2光催化降解酸性玫瑰红B的主要因素(初始pH值、K2S2O8浓度、TiO2浓度)进行分析.其中初始pH值、K2S2O8浓度和TiO2浓度的高、低水平分别为4-5.6,26-36mg·l-1和0.53-1.87mg·l-1,分析参数为脱色率的变化.通过使用Design-Expert 5软件可得到1个2次响应曲面模型,最佳的初始pH值、K2S2O8浓度和TiO2浓度分别为4.69,29.73mg·l-1和1.18 mg·l-1,脱色率达到最大(94.21%).     

温度对等离子体与催化剂结合脱除Nox的影响

考察了温度对介质阻挡放电和CuZSM-5催化剂"一段法"结合脱除氮氧化物(NOx)的影响.实验表明,在250℃和300℃时,对于NO/N2,NO/O2/N2和 NO/C2H4/N2三个体系,"一段法"脱除NOx的活性都相对较低.在NO/O2/C2H4/N2体系中,250℃介质阻挡放电和CuZSM-5结合脱除NOx产生了明显的协同效应.在300℃,等离子体对脱除NOx起负作用.相对低温(150℃)时,等离子体的促进作用很小.电学实验表明,当反应温度由25℃升至450℃,"一段法"体系的李萨如(Lissajous)图形由平行四边形(25℃)逐渐变为椭圆形(450℃),表明较高温度时催化剂的介电性质发生了变化.原位发射光谱证明在不同温度下,"一段法"体系中等离子体气相产生的活性物种数量明显不同.     

A review of the chemical ecology of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)

Summary. This review summarizes the literature related to the chemical ecology of the Cerambycidae and provides a brief overview of cerambycid biology, ecology, economic significance, and management. Beetles in the family Cerambycidae have assumed increasing prominence as pests of forest and shade trees, shrubs, and raw wood products, and as vectors of tree diseases. Exotic species associated with solid wood packing materials have been notable tree killers in North American urban and peri-urban forests. In forested ecosystems native species respond to disturbances such as fires and windstorms, and initiate the biodeterioration of woody tissue. Eggs are laid by females, on or through the bark surface of stem and branch tissue of moribund, recently killed or decomposing woody plants; larval cerambycids (roundheaded woodborers) typically feed in the phloem and later in the xylem. Females will also, in some cases, select living hosts, e.g. adult conifer and angiosperm trees, for oviposition. Research on the chemical ecology of over 70 species has revealed many examples of attractive kairomones (such as floral volatiles, smoke volatiles, trunk and leaf volatiles, and bark beetle pheromones), repellents and deterrents, oviposition stimulants, short- and long-range sex pheromones, and defensive substances. Emerging generalities are that attractants tend to be monoterpenoids and phenolic esters; oviposition stimulants are monoterpenoids and flavanoids; short-range sex pheromones are female-produced, methyl-branched cuticular hydrocarbons; and long-range sex pheromones are male-produced -hydroxy ketones and (,)-diols ranging in length from 6 to 10 carbons. The latter compounds appear to originate from glands in the male thorax; putative defensive substances originate from metasternal secretory pores or mandibular glands. In one unusual case, a flightless, subterranean female that attacks sugar cane produces a sex pheromone that is derived from the amino acid isoleucine. With significantly more than 35,000 species of Cerambycidae worldwide, these generalities will be subject to change as more species are examined. Addendum The authors would like to point out that the electronic version is more accurate than the printed version.     

三种类型油菜(Brassica spp.)和野芥菜(B. juncea var.gracilis Tsen et Lee)杂交亲和性及F1的适合度--潜在基因转移的研究

通过人工去雄授粉，采用荧光显微镜观察了3种类型栽培油菜花粉在两地采集的野芥菜柱头上的萌发生长情况，结合杂交后的结实率，探讨了3种类型油菜和野芥菜杂交的亲和性．结果表明，甘蓝型油菜和芥菜型油菜与野芥菜的亲和性都非常高，亲和性指数达10．0以上，而白菜型油菜和野芥菜的亲和性较低，亲和指数小于0．2．子一代的适合度研究结果表明，芥菜型油菜向野芥菜杂交一代的适合度没有降低，而甘蓝型及白菜型和野芥菜杂交一代的适合度明显下降，表现在花粉活力降低，结实率极低．上述结果表明，白菜型油菜和野芥菜的基因转移可能性最小，甘蓝型居中，而芥菜型极易向野芥菜发生基因转移．     

南京市大气中挥发性有机物污染的研究

1　IntroductionVolatileorganiccompounds (VOCs)areimportantairpollutantsintheurbanatmosphere .SomeVOCsaretoxicandpotentiallycarcinogenic.ExposuretoVOCsisofconcernasitmayresultinsignificantrisktohumanhealth .AmbientVOCsareemittedfromvariousurban ,industrial…     

聚合物涂层纤维材料为固定相填充毛细管气相色谱及其在样品预处理中的应用

1　IntroductionGaschromatography(GC)isoneofthemostpopularseparationmethodsfortheanalysisofvolatilecompounds,andawidevarietyofpolymericmaterialsasthestationaryphases,havebeendeveloped .Incontrasttothesuccessfulapplicationsandsubsequentcommercializationofth…