石化企业突发水环境事故防控体系建设探讨

石化行业为环境和安全高风险行业,突发事故往往造成重大经济和环境损失。目前我国石化企业的突发水环境风险防范体系仍很薄弱,应急能力亟待提高。本文阐述了目前我国石化行业水环境风险防控设施存在的问题,并对水环境风险三级防控体系的构建进行了探讨,重点论述了事故应急池建设的必要性、合理性及其属性要求,以期能够有助于石化行业水环境风险防控体系的构建。     

大型石化项目环境监理实践及工作方法探讨

基于某大型石化项目的环境监理实践,从环境监理方案及实施细则的编制、设计阶段环境监理、施工阶段环境监理3个方面阐述此类项目环境监理的要点及工作方法。设计阶段的主要工作是对环保设计文件、设计图纸及基础设计资料等材料的审查,审查的重点是项目的平面布置、生产规模、工艺路线、污染物特征及各污染物控制节点、环保治理设施的处理工艺及规模等与环评报告及批复的相符性。施工阶段环境监理的工作重点是施工单位环境管理、施工期环保达标监理、隐蔽工程监理、环境风险防范措施监理、环保设施符合性核查、批建相符性核查等几方面。并简要分析了环境监理成果的体现方式。     

Assessment model for equipment risk management: Petrochemical industry cases

This study presents an assessment model that examines quantity and quality factors for equipment risk management in the petrochemical industry. The proposed model has five dimensions—financial performance, logistical support, service level, learning and innovation, and risk control. This evaluation model uses 13 strategy subjects and 78 performance-measurement indicators. Performance assessment indicators are initially established and revised based on expert opinions collected via a questionnaire. Further, the analytical network process (ANP) is utilized to calculate the weights of indicators in each layer and to construct assessment models with applicable and valuable references. To determine model practicability, this study assesses four subsidiaries of the case company. Each subsidiary has a capitalization exceeding TWD 50 billion. In addition to evaluating company performance in terms of each dimension and indicator, the proposed model provides a valuable reference for decision-making in equipment risk management.     

港口石油化工码头重大危险源监控与预警技术探讨

对石油化工码头重大危险源实施安全监控与预警的必要性，拟解决的技术关键问题以及国内外石油化工码头安全监控与预警技术现状进行了简要的介绍和探讨。     

Application of CFD model in an LPG tank explosion accident

In this research, a 3D tank farm model of a petrochemical plant was built in order to analyze an LPG tank explosion accident. Furthermore, the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) algorithm was also applied to reconstruct the scenario of the accident. With its 3D dynamic abilities, the CFD simulation results can be used to facilitate the understanding of the spatial and transient distribution of different hazardous physical variables, which cannot be observed from the traditional methods.After the maximum physical variables of overpressure, pressure-impulse, and thermal radiation temperature were calculated, the results were adopted to estimate the corresponding 3D individual risk value. With the aid of the CFD simulation and the analysis method of maximum physical variable, the researchers can use the simulation results to scrutinize the possible causes and consequences of a chemical accident.     

石油化工建设项目环境影响评价中应注意的问题

我国是最早实施环境评价制度的发展中国家之一，建设项目的环境影响评价作为一项法律制度在我国已实施了20多年。根据实际工作经验，总结了在石油化工建设项目的环评工作中应注意的一些问题。     

有关化工石化建设项目环境风险评价技术评估的探讨

根据国家化工石化行业建设项目加强环境风险评价的主要规定,结合化工石化行业建设项目特点及环境影响技术评估,反思化工石化项目评价及评估工作,重点从环境风险评价方面,对进一步完善环境风险评价与防范的后评估,从严建设项目技术评估与环境管理等进行了初步探讨,目的是为建设项目环境影响技术评估和环境管理提供参考。     

燃烧法处理石化企业VOCs试验研究

基于加热炉技术对石化企业VOCs进行直接燃烧处理,采用低温催化燃烧催化剂进行了相应试验。结果表明:催化燃烧法适用于于低浓度VOCs治理,热力燃烧法则适用于不同组成与浓度VOCs的综合治理;在温度≤320℃、空速≥12000 h-1的条件下,低温催化燃烧技术VOCs排放浓度可满足DB31/933—2015要求(≤70 mg/m^3);在VOCs浓度高达30000 mg/m^3情况下,经过750~850℃的热力燃烧技术处理后,VOCs排放浓度≤20 mg/m^3。     

石化行业环境风险值的经济量化研究

提出了石化行业环境风险造成污染的经济损失项目,针对各项目提出了经济评估方法,给出了各方法的计算模型和参数。以安庆石化公司实施的"含硫原油加工适应性改造及油品质量升级工程"为例,核算出该项目环境风险造成污染的经济损失值,并将此值与项目风险评价结果进行比较。结果表明:环境风险值经济量化后能更加直观地判断项目实施后带来的风险可接受程度,更好地为石化行业项目的立项作指导。