提高液晶电焊防护片响应速度

论述了提高液晶电焊防护片响应速度的办法，经试验，发现电焊电流产生超前电焊光的时间是13ms。因此可用电焊电流作为触发信号提前开启液晶偏转电路以达到全过程防护的目的。     

环保自动举报系统的功能需求和探讨

环保自动举报系统用于环保热线,通过应用环保自动举报系统,环保部门能提高服务品质,能对环境污染举报工作进行科学化和自动化的管理,本文就环保自动举报系统的应有功能进行探讨。     

Rainfall and Spring Discharge Patterns in Two Small Drainage Catchments in the Western Himalayan Mountains, India

Relationship between rainfall and spring discharge study is important to understand hydrological behaviour of springs and water resources management. In the Himalayan mountains springs are the freshwater sources for household consumption. We studied six springs of different recharge area characteristics in two micro-watersheds in western Himalayan mountains in India. Based on the recharge area geology these springs were divided into fracture/joint (FR/JT) and fracture/joint/colluvium (FR/JT/COLL). We found a strong positive relationship between rainfall and spring discharge. Peak spring discharge coincided with peak rainfall in two FR/JT/COLL springs, which was delayed by about one month in FR/JT springs. Mean annual discharge was about two times greater for FR/JT/COLL springs than the FR/JT springs (6.47 vs. 3.94 liter per minute). But spring discharge per 1000 L of rainfall in spring recharge area for FR/JT springs was about 2.3 times greater than the FR/JT/COLL springs (49 vs. 21 liter per minute). In the FR/JT springs, rainfall in spring recharge area and spring discharge were weakly related (r=0.174), while they were strongly related in FR/JT/COLL springs (r=0.595). In the former category of springs decline in discharge was gradual, while it was rapid in the latter category of springs. Therefore, with regard to sustained supply of water for household consumption FR/JT springs can be considered more suitable. Land use and land cover such as moderately grazed pasture, abandoned agricultural terraces and few trees but dense growth of bushes and oak forest in the spring recharge area were found conducive for spring discharge and may be promoted for long-term water resource conservation in this region.     

近48年来广东春旱的变化

为了更好地做好广东省春旱的短期气候预测，用EOF分析、小波分析和相关分析等方法，对近48年（1957—2004年）来广东受害较大的春旱（2—5月）的变化规律及其成因进行了研究。结果表明，广东春季降水具有明显的2～3年和4年左右的年际变化以及36年左右的年代际变化。春旱主要发生在1960—1971年和1994—2004年，20世纪90年代以来严重春旱的发生呈增多趋势。1976／1977年之后，阶段性的冷与涝、暖与旱相对应，而其之前的这一相关性则不好。广东春季降水的异常主要与极涡、西太平副热带高压的强弱、亚洲大陆及其以北的500hPa环流异常有关。异常春早年500hPa同期环流场上极涡较强，偏向鄂霍次克海，亚洲大陆及其以北为明显的正高度距平，冷空气的活动偏强，副高偏东偏弱。850hpa流场上广东到南海盛行偏北气流，不利于降水的产生。异常涝年的情况则基本相反。     

黄淮地区冬小麦的抗晚霜冻害能力

使用人工移动霜箱,对黄淮麦区小麦霜冻害的抗冻性进行了研究。结果表明,按幼穗的冰点来判定不同品种的抗霜能力,可以将小麦的抗霜冻能力分为4个等级:-4℃以上抗性弱,-4～-5℃抗性较弱,-5～-6℃抗性较强,-6℃以下抗性强。随着生育进程的推进,小麦的冰点升高;随着茎高的增高,冰点升高,主茎和分蘖的受害率增大;随着细胞液浓度的升高,冰点降低,受害率降低。小麦在雌雄蕊末到药隔初的冰点温度较高。随着生育时期的推进,幼穗的冻死率升高,而其冻伤率降低。     

对一起热水锅炉爆管事故的分析

通过对一起锅炉水冷壁管漏水事故,对其进行了的调查与分析,经过对泄漏管的检验,找出了泄漏事故的原因,并提出了处理意见.     

石化企业现场用火作业的火险隐患及防范措施

分别从可燃气（液）体排放、设备、化验分析、电气设施、消防器材等方面对用火作业过程中的火险隐患进行了分析,提出了用火作业过程中预防火灾发生的具体措施。     

喀斯特地区浅层地下水对植被退化的水文地球化学响应——以贵州荔波拉桥小流域为例

喀斯特地区植被退化的水文地球化学响应是喀斯特研究的重要内容之一,具有重要的科学和现实意义。选择贵州荔波拉桥小流域中四个不同植被类型的样地作为对象,按月采集浅层地下水(土壤水和表层泉水),对其进行水文地球化学各参数的分析。结果表明,土壤水中Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3-、EC和pH值,表层泉水中Cl-、NO3-和SO24-等对植被退化响应敏感;而土壤水中NO3-和SO24-,表层泉水中Mg2+、NH4+、HCO3-和EC,以及土壤水和表层泉水中δ13 CDIC值则可能还受到其他过程的影响,需谨慎使用。由此可见,对于土壤层,阳离子和与土壤CO2气体浓度有关的HCO3-可能有较好的响应,而对于表层泉水,HCO3-以外的阴离子可能更敏感。     

铌合金表面热防护涂层研究进展

作为武器装备、航空航天等多种现代工业领域热端部件中应用十分广泛的结构材料,铌合金在高温富氧燃流的冲刷下会发生严重的烧蚀现象,进而影响了其在超高温环境下的使用性能。研究发现,采用表面涂层技术能够有效提升铌合金的高温抗烧蚀性能。因此结合热端部件富氧、超高温的实际服役环境,首先介绍了国内外铌合金表面抗氧化烧蚀涂层领域的研究现状,对比分析了金属基和硅系陶瓷抗烧蚀涂层各自在抗氧化烧蚀性能上的优缺点;然后综述了近年来国内外有关热障涂层的研究进展,归纳总结了ZrO2基陶瓷涂层、稀土锆酸盐陶瓷涂层以及钙钛矿结构陶瓷涂层三种热障涂层材料的特点;最后对铌合金表面热防护涂层的结构设计以及未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Gaseous elemental mercury concentration in atmosphere at urban and remote sites in China

An investigation of gaseous elemental mercury concentration in atmosphere was conducted at Beijing and Guangzhou urban, Yangtze Delta regional sites and China Global Atmosphere Watch Baseline Observatory (CGAWBO) in Mt. Waliguan of remote continental area of China. High temporal resolved data were obtained using automated mercury analyzer RA-915 . Results showed that the overall hourly mean Hg0 concentrations in Mt. Waliguan were 1.7± 1.1 ng/m3 in summer and 0.6±0.08 ng/m3 in winter. The concentration in Yangtze Delta regional site was 5.4±4.1 ng/m3, which was much higher than those in Waliguan continental background area and also higher than that found in North America and Europe rural areas. In Beijing urban area the overall hourly mean Hg0 concentrations were 8.3±3.6 ng/m3 in winter, 6.5±5.2 ng/m3 in spring, 4.9±3.3 ng/m3 in summer, and 6.7±3.5 ng/m3 in autumn, respectively, and the concentration was 13.5±7.1 ng/m3 in Guangzhou site. The mean concentration reached the lowest value at 14:00 and the highest at 02:00 or 20:00 in all monitoring campaigns in Beijing and Guangzhou urban areas, which contrasted with the results measured in Yangtze Delta regional site and Mt. Waliguan. The features of concentration and diurnal variation of Hg0 in Beijing and Guangzhou implied the importance of local anthropogenic sources in contributing to the high Hg0 concentration in urban areas of China. Contrary seasonal variation patterns of Hg0 concentration were found between urban and remote sites. In Beijing the highest Hg0concentration was in winter and the lowest in summer, while in Mt. Waliguan the Hg0 concentration in summer was higher than that in winter. These indicated that different processes and factors controlled Hg0 concentration in urban, regional and remote areas.