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101.
含铬(Ⅵ)废物堆放场所土壤/地下水的污染特点及土著微生物的初步生物解毒实验研究 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
通过分析含铬 (Ⅵ )废物堆放场所引起的土壤 /地下水污染特点 ,说明含铬 (Ⅵ )废物污染的潜在与长期危害不容忽视。在污染土壤中进行土著微生物的筛选与初步应用实验 ,其中的土著真菌具有较强的还原能力 ,仅用 2 3d就使铬渣浸出液的六价铬浓度从 115 1.2 /mg·L-1下降到 10 .9/mg·L-1,具有良好的生物解毒作用 ,为含铬 (Ⅵ )废物的处置及污染土壤的修复开辟了一条新途径 相似文献
102.
Christopher S. Jones Caroline A. Davis Chad W. Drake Keith E. Schilling Samuel H.P. Debionne Daniel W. Gilles Ibrahim Demir Larry J. Weber 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2018,54(2):471-486
Various techniques exist to estimate stream nitrate loads when measured concentration data are sparse. The inherent uncertainty associated with load estimation, however, makes tracking progress toward water quality goals more difficult. We used high‐frequency, in situ nitrate sensors strategically deployed across the agricultural state of Iowa to evaluate 2016 stream concentrations at 60 sites and loads at 35 sites. The generated data, collected at an average of 225 days per site, show daily average nitrate‐N yields ranging from 12 to 198 g/ha, with annual yields as high as 53 kg/ha from the intensely drained Des Moines Lobe. Thirteen of the sites that capture water from 82.5% of Iowa's area show statewide nitrate‐N loading in 2016 totaled 477 million kg, or 41% of the load delivered to the Mississippi–Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB). Considering the substantial private and public investment being made to reduce nitrate loading in many states within the MARB, networks of continuous, in situ measurement devices as described here can inform efforts to track year‐to‐year changes in nitrate load related to weather and conservation implementation. Nitrate and other data from the sensor network described in this study are made publicly available in real time through the Iowa Water Quality Information System. 相似文献
103.
本研究采用盆栽试验法,研究了赤红壤、砖红壤中矿物油对水稻、花生的生理生态影响和矿物油在土壤中的净化。研究结果表明:矿物油对第一季水稻生长发育影响不大,对第二季则表现出明显的抑制作用,低浓度矿物油对花生生长发育有促进作用,高浓度则对其起抑制作用;收获后,水稻各部分及水稻土,花生根及花生土油残留均与投油量呈极显著的直线正相关关系,油在作物根部最易积累;种植两季水稻后,油在赤红壤、砖红壤中的净化率分别为80%以上和50%左右。最后,根据上述研究确定了赤红壤、砖红壤的矿物油临界含量分别为270.90mg/kg和318.92mg/kg。 相似文献
104.
Takeki Maeda Juzo Matsuda Hiroshi Nakashima Koichi Yoshida Joji Suzuki 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2000,2(2):143-149
Over a period of 21 months, we composted food refuse from a student restaurant in Hokkaido University using a commercially
available composting machine. The machine had two reactors, each with a working volume of 250 l. The refuse was mixed with
sawdust in a ratio of 5 l sawdust to 10 kg refuse, and this mixture was fed into the machine daily. We studied the characteristics
of the refuse, the composting mixture, and the finished compost in an effort to optimize the operating parameters. We also
evaluated the effectiveness of the composting process by determining the decomposition rates of the composting materials.
The optimum moisture content of the composting mixture was between 30% wet basis (wb) and 40% wb in this machine. The composting
machine worked well when the first reactor was filled with composting mixture and 0.5 kg lime was added once per week. The
mass of the materials supplied was reduced by 84% over the study period. The decomposition rate of the volatile matter in
all composting materials was 66%. The mass of the food refuse supplied was 14.8 kg/day on average, and the moisture content
of the refuse was 77% wb on average.
Received: October 4, 1999 / Accepted: April 4, 2000 相似文献
105.
厌氧除磷种源的筛选与厌氧除磷条件的研究 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
通过分批培养,考察各接种物培养始末总磷浓度的变化,比较了牛粪、猪粪、鸡粪以及来自两个不同污水处理厂的厌氧污泥的除磷能力,试验证明猪粪的除磷效果最佳.在此基础上,将猪粪与两种厌氧污泥按质量比3:1:1混合作为接种物,研究了厌氧生物除磷的条件,结果表明葡萄糖和蛋白胨分别是厌氧生物除磷的良好碳源和氮源;适宜的初始pH6.5,适宜的培养温度35℃.在适宜的除磷条件下,培养至第4天,猪粪与厌氧污泥混合物对总磷的去除率达到最大值(21.31%)外加钼和其它微量元素对厌氧生物除磷没有效应,表明试验所用的培养液中,不缺少这些元素.另外,外加还原剂硫化物对厌氧生物除磷也没有明显的作用,表明培养液中的有机物质所致的低氧化还原电位已能满足厌氧生物除磷的要求. 相似文献
106.
107.
五箱一体化活性污泥工艺采取交替运行方式,不需要污泥和混合液回流,良好的循环周期设置对系统至关重要,通过试验研究对不同循环周期设置时的处理效果进行了比较,对主体段进水池状态进行了跟踪试验,结果表明,在水力停留时间和泥龄分别为13 h、18 d的条件下,主体段按120 min设置时能形成良好的厌氧释磷条件,磷的释放率达到0.88 gP/kg MLSS·h,主体段、过渡段和沉淀段分别按120、60和60 min的周期设置时TP、TN的去除率达到90%以上. 相似文献
108.
109.
The New York/New Jersey Harbor (also known as the Hudson River Estuary) is heavily contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) arising in part from inputs from the Upper Hudson River, which is a Superfund site containing historical PCB contamination, and also due to inputs from the New York City metropolitan area. The Contamination Assessment and Reduction Project (CARP) measured PCBs and other contaminants in ambient water samples collected throughout the Harbor region during 1998-2001. In order to investigate the sources of PCBs to the NY/NJ Harbor, this data base of PCB concentrations was analyzed using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). This analysis resolved seven factors that are thought to be associated with sources such as the Upper Hudson River, storm water runoff, combined sewer overflows (CSOs), and wastewater effluents. The PMF model also produced a factor that appears to be related to sites contaminated with Aroclor 1260. To the extent that the NY/NJ Harbor is typical of urbanized estuaries throughout the United States, these results suggest that storm water runoff is probably a significant source of PCBs to surface waters in urban areas. 相似文献
110.
利用反硝化聚磷菌实现城市污水的脱氮除磷 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
阐述了反硝化除磷的机理,对现有反硝化除磷工艺进行介绍,并进一步讨论了反硝化除磷的影响因素和未来发展新思路。利用DPBs进行反硝化除磷实现了污水处理的资源化和能源化,代表了当前污水处理可持续发展战略的发展趋势,成为目前脱氮除磷技术研究的热点和重点。 相似文献