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11.
超声-臭氧氧化处理硝基苯废水实验研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
在实验装置上对超声-臭氧氧化处理硝基苯废水进行了实验研究,主要考察了废水初始pH值、反应时间,臭氧通入量、超声功率等因素对硝基苯去除率的影响,实验结果表明,超声辐射可以在臭氧氧化过程中起加速反应的作用,而且随着超声功率的增大,加速反应的能力增强;废水初始pH值为11时硝基苯去除效果最佳;随着臭氧通入量的增大,反应时间的延长,硝基苯去除率不断增大;超声-臭氧处理硝基苯废水过程中硝基苯的降解规律为表现一级反应。 相似文献
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对屠宰加工过程中产生的中高浓度有机废水采用预曝调节-接触氧化-气浮工艺进行处理。当进水COD浓度为980~1200mg/L时,出水COD浓度可降至76.1~104mg/L,优于国家《肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准》(GB13457-92)二级标准,此工艺的抗冲击负荷能力较强,适应于间歇性生产和季节性生产的屠宰加工企业。 相似文献
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F. Boukhoubza A. Jail F. Korchi L. Loukili Idrissi H. Hannache J.C. Duarte L. Hassani A. Nejmeddine 《Journal of environmental management》2009,91(1):124-132
The application of hypochlorite for the removal of soluble COD, phenolic and polyphenolic like compounds, and other organic compounds responsible for the olive mill wastewater (OOWW) colour has been experimentally studied. After the OOWW filtration on a sand column, the effluent was subjected to a fast liming under optimal conditions. Lime application reduced polyphenols, COD and SS contents to half of their initial values but an important blackening of the treated OOWW was observed, especially when adding high concentrations of lime (10% (W/V) and 15% (W/V)).A second stage of treatment was applied using calcium hypochlorite. In this stage, removal of the studied compounds reached as much as 95% at higher concentrations, and particularly the colouring of OOWW which is generally difficult to eliminate was greatly reduced. The OOWW hypochloration acted through coagulation–flocculation and a rapid oxidation of the organic matter proceeded from the first 5 min. The kinetic study of the degradation of the waste polluting compounds from liming showed that Ca(ClO)2 reacts similarly in the elimination of organic compounds, polyphenols, SS and colouration. The analysis of the organochloride compounds generated by the reaction between hypochlorite and the organic compounds showed that DDD, DDT and the heptachlor contents exceeded the values recommended by the International and European drinking water standards. 相似文献
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为研究厌氧氨氧化工艺对高浓度含氮废水的脱氮性能,在以聚乙烯海绵作为填料的上流式厌氧固定床反应器中利用人工配置高浓度含氮废水进行了实验研究.实验中通过添加充足无机碳源,实现了厌氧氨氧化反应器在总氮浓度900~1 210 mg/L长期稳定的运行,脱氮效率在80%以上,最高氮负荷为5.9 kg/m3·d.结果表明:充足的无机碳源在一定程度上可有效地降低高浓度亚硝氮对厌氧氨氧化菌的抑制作用.通过对污泥性状的研究,明确寻找出污泥上浮的原因所在.通过Stover-Kincannon模型确定系统动力学参数KB和Umax分别为30.2 g/L·d和2L2g/L·d,这将有助于对该厌氧氨氧化系统各控制条件的有效调节和准确设定,也为日后应用于实际工程中提供重要的理论依据. 相似文献
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为探索长江口崇明东滩表层沉积物中是否存在厌氧氨氧化菌以及厌氧氨氧化菌的群落结构与空间分布特征,以崇明东滩高、中、低潮滩夏季表层沉积物中总DNA为模板,PCR扩增沉积物样品中厌氧氨氧化菌特异性16S rDNA片段,通过克隆、测序,构建相应基因文库,将文库中有效克隆序列分别提交到GenBank中进行相似序列搜索,并利用MEGA5绘制系统发育树.分析结果发现,克隆序列CM-L-7和CM-L-18与已发现厌氧氨氧化菌Candidatus"Scalindua sp."同源性达98%,CM-L-13与Candidatus"Scalindua wagneri"同源性达94%,CM-M-6与Candidatus"Kuenenia sp."同源性达94%,CM-M-22与Anaerobicammonium-oxidizing planctomycete JMK-1的同源性达95%,CM-H-15与Candidatus"Kuenenia stuttgartiensis"的同源性达94%.表明,崇明东滩高、中、低潮滩表层沉积物中均存在厌氧氨氧化菌,但所属菌属不同,低潮滩以Candidatus"Scalindua"为主,中、高潮滩以Candidatus"Kuenenia"为主.相比之下,中潮滩厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构较为复杂.部分克隆序列与已发现厌氧氨氧化菌存在较大进化距离,表明崇明东滩可能还存在其他具有潜在厌氧氨氧化功能的细菌. 相似文献
18.
H.C. Arredondo ValdezG. García Jiménez S. Gutiérrez GranadosC. Ponce de León 《Chemosphere》2012,89(10):1195-1201
The degradation of paracetamol in aqueous solutions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was carried out by photochemistry, electrolysis and photoelectrolysis using modified 100 pores per inch reticulated vitreous carbon electrodes. The electrodes were coated with catalysts such as TiO2 and CuO/TiO2/Al2O3 by electrophoresis followed by heat treatment. The results of the electrolysis with bare reticulated vitreous carbon electrodes show that 90% paracetamol degradation occurs in 4 h at 1.3 V vs. SCE, forming intermediates such as benzoquinone and carboxylic acids followed by their complete mineralisation. When the electrolysis was carried out with the modified electrodes such as TiO2/RVC, 90% degradation was achieved in 2 h while with CuO/TiO2/Al2O3/RVC, 98% degradation took only 1 h. The degradation was also carried out in the presence of UV reaching 95% degradation with TiO2/RVC/UV and 99% with CuO/TiO2/Al2O3/RVC/UV in 1 h. The reactions were followed by spectroscopy UV-Vis, HPLC and total organic carbon analysis. These studies show that the degradation of paracetamol follows a pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. 相似文献
19.
A comprehensive study of the degradation of monuron, one of the phenylurea herbicides, was conducted by UV-Vis/WO3 process. It was found that hydroxyl radicals played a major role in the decay of monuron while other radicals (e.g. superoxide) and hole might also contribute to the decomposition of monuron. The oxidation path likely plays a major role in the generation of hydroxyl radicals. The effects of initial pH level, initial concentration of monuron, and inorganic oxidants on the performance of UV-Vis/WO3 process were also investigated and optimized. Comparison between monuron decay pathways by UV-Vis/WO3 and UV/TiO2 was conducted. The decay mechanisms, including N-terminus demethylation, dechlorination and direct hydroxylation on benzene ring, were observed to be involved in the oxidation of monuron in these two processes. Sixteen intermediates were identified during the photodegradation of monuron and degradation pathways were proposed accordingly. 相似文献
20.
本文讨论了氧化塘的净化污水机理和水质变化特点。提出了用于进行氧化塘水质预测的二维水质模型。探讨了氧化塘水质预测研究的发展趋势。 相似文献