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391.
渤海湾西岸海平面上升威胁的防治对策 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
因受全球海平面上升和地面沉降的双重影响,在21世纪末渤海湾西岸海平面将相对上升90~260厘米,广大地区(包括天津市区)将处于大潮平均高潮位之下,自然岸线位置将后撤至津浦线附近.我们提出筑堤防潮引黄放淤提高建筑高程三位一体的治理方案。 相似文献
392.
393.
杭州西湖水体粪大肠菌的监测及环境意义 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
粪大肠菌群指数是综合评价城市污水,尤其是生活污水污染的一个重要指标.作者于1999.1~1999.7时杭州西湖水体的FC进行了监测,结果表明西湖受到了生活污水的污染,特别是三条入湖溪流污染程度十分严重.三条溪流的FC指数超出我国地表水Ⅲ类标准的10倍.水体中FC指数同TN、TP浓度呈高度正相关. 相似文献
394.
过渡带中岳桦种群生态特征的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在长白山北坡halt1525m-1775m的岳桦云冷杉森林过渡带和1990m-2170m的岳桦苔原林线过渡带中,沿海拔高度,采用梯度取样方法,进行岳桦种群生态学研究,分析了岳桦种群存活曲线、种群分布格局和种群竞争指数。同时应用分形分析研究了岳桦种群的分形特征。结果表明:依据岳桦种群的存活曲线,在岳桦云冷杉过渡带中岳桦种群处于由衰退型向稳定型发展的阶段,而在岳桦苔原过渡带中则由稳定型向增长型过渡,从种群分布格局指数分析,岳桦在两个过渡带中的分布格局类型都是杂乱无章的,而且都偏离随机分布,处于由一个生态系统向另一个生态系统转换的相变区,从竞争指数和盒维数来看,在岳桦云冷杉过渡带中,这两项指标都是由小到大迅速递增,而在岳桦苔原过渡 情况刚好相反。 相似文献
395.
Annie J. Morris Joseph J. Donovan Michael Strager 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2009,14(1):73-84
Streamflow values are commonly synthesized for locations where flow measurement stations are lacking or where only intermittent
measurements are available. In an Appalachian Mountains dataset comprised of 29 watersheds, the most appropriate among geomorphic,
geologic, and hydrogeologic datasets were selected for use in prediction of streamflow at watershed scale. A statistical model
was developed using principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) for. Using CA on variables derived from
the PCA, an optimum set of variables was derived for predicting streamflow. Results indicate there are two categories of watersheds
in the study area. The first is strongly correlated with climatic variables (precipitation, temperature, elevation, and groundwater
recharge). The second is strongly correlated with two geomorphic variables (watershed slope and percentage of forested area).
The spatial distribution of cluster classifications shows that watersheds dominated by the climatic component are located
along the Allegheny Front while watersheds dominated by the geomorphic component are located in the Allegheny Plateau and
Valley and Ridge physiographic provinces. These variations between the Allegheny Plateau and Valley and Ridge physiographic
provinces suggest that, to accurately model streamflow, modeling needs be done based on natural physiographic boundaries rather
than political boundaries. In this physiographic setting, elevation seems to be a major control. 相似文献
396.
West Nile virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) is a serious infectious disease that recently spread across the North America continent. A spatial analysis tool was developed
on the ArcMap 9.x platform to estimate potential West Nile virus activity using a spatially explicit degree-day model. The
model identifies when the virus Extrinsic Incubation Period (EIP) is completed within the vector longevity during mid-summer
months. The EIP is treated as a threshold indicator of the potential for virus emergence and activity. Comparing the number
of West Nile virus cases in Wyoming reported from 2003 to 2005 with model results, actual cases and predicted events of West
Nile virus activity match relatively well. The model represents a useful method for estimating potential West Nile virus activity
in a large spatial scale. 相似文献
397.
Effects of Forest Fragmentation and Habitat Degradation on West African Leaf-Litter Frogs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract: Habitat degradation alters the dynamics and composition of anuran assemblages in tropical forests. The effects of forest fragmentation on the composition of anuran assemblages are so far poorly known. We studied the joint influence of forest fragmentation and degradation on leaf-litter frogs. We specifically asked whether the processes structuring leaf-litter anuran assemblages in fragmented forests are the same as those in continuous forests. We analyzed anuran assemblages with respect to habitat characteristics, including fragmentation and degradation parameters. In comparison with continuous forests, species richness and diversity were lower and assemblage composition was altered in forest fragments. These changes seemed to be mainly caused by habitat degradation rather than forest fragmentation. Availability of aquatic sites for breeding, vegetation structure (including those variables indicating degradation), and leaf-litter cover had the most influence on the presence of single species. The comparatively small impact of fragmentation on anurans might be due to the location of the study area; it still possessed large tracts of continuous forest. These forest blocks may stabilize the regional rainforest climate and thus weaken the effects of fragmentation . 相似文献
398.
399.
Kathrin Baumann Harald Maurer Gabriele Rau Martin Piringer Ulrike Pechinger Andr Prvt Markus Furger Bruno Neininger Umberto Pellegrini 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2001,35(36):897
During the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP) special observation period (SOP) between 7 September and 15 November 1999, ground-based and airborne measurements have been conducted in the Rhine valley south of the Lake of Constance to investigate the unstationary aspects of Foehn and related phenomena, like the impact of Foehn on the ozone concentrations in the valley. Foehn events occurred with above-average frequency and high diversity. Foehn induced ozone peaks in October and November are found to be much lower than the September Foehn case of the period. An inversion layer in the lake area with ozone concentrations below 10 ppb often shields the monitoring stations from the Foehn air aloft. Trajectory calculations for the Foehn period between 19 and 24 October 1999 reveal that the Foehn air originated from below 1 to 1.5 km above the Po Basin and the Mediterranean Sea. Tethered balloon soundings in the source area south of the Alps, ozone measurements at the mountain station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.) and airborne measurements across the Alpine crests reveal that the ozone levels found in the Foehn air correspond to the concentrations just above the mixing height in the Po Basin and are transported across the Alpine crest within the lowest flow layer. 相似文献
400.