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次氯酸钠光度法测定污水中的苯胺 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
本文对NaClO为氧化显色剂,亚硝基铁氰化剂,测定污水中的苯胺。当λmax为694nm时,εmax为3×10^4,最低检出限为0.01mg/1,0-20mg/l的苯胺溶液的线性相关系数为0.9998。应用本法测定炼厂和采油厂排放的污水,与萘乙二胺偶氮光度法的测定结果基本吻合。可消除石油类、苯酚、氨、硫化物及某些金属离子的干扰,是一种简便。快速的分析方法。 相似文献
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取代苯胺和苯酚类化合物对大型蚤的毒性及PH值对其毒性的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
测定了24个取代苯胺和苯酚类化合物在不同PH下对大型蚤的24h半数抑制浓度24h-IC50。结果表明,苯胺类的毒性随PH的升高而增大,酚类的毒性随PH的升高而减小。 相似文献
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利用贝叶斯统计方法构建了基于区间活性数据的取代苯胺和苯酚类化合物对大型溞(Daphniamagna)24 h急性毒性的定量结构-活性关系模型,并与基于平均数和中位数的点估计活性数据的定量结构-活性关系模型进行了比较.结果表明,前者可以充分利用化合物的活性数据信息,模型具有更好的拟合效果与预测能力以及较宽的应用范围.基于区间活性数据的定量结构-活性关系模型可为生态风险评价等提供更加可靠的预测数据. 相似文献
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Validation of germination rate and root elongation as indicator to assess phytotoxicity with Cucumis sativus 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Germination rate and root elongation, as a rapid phytotoxicity test method, possess several advantages, such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and suitability for unstable chemicals or samples. These advantages made them suitable for developing a large-scale phytotoxicity database and especially applicable for developing quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) to study mechanisms of phytotoxicity. In this paper, the comparative inhibition of germination rate and root elongation of Cucumis sativus by selected halogen-substituted phenols and anilines were determined. The suitability of germination rate and root elongation as phytotoxicity endpoints was evaluated. Excellent reproducibility and stability of germination rate and root elongation in the control test, relatively greater sensitivity and similar dose–response relations for all tested compounds were observed. These results together with those of a 2-day test were used to demonstrate the suitability of this phytotoxicity test method. A QSAR was developed for the phytotoxicity mode of action of the tested compounds to C. sativus seeds. Models that combined the logarithm of 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) and the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (Elumo) were developed for both germination rate inhibition and root elongation inhibition. The results of these studies indicate that phytotoxicity of substituted phenols and anilines to C. sativus seeds could be explained by a polar narcosis mechanism. This paper will promote the application of germination rate and root elongation method and the development of large-scale phytotoxicity database, which will provide the fundamental data for QSAR and ecological risk assessment of organic pollutants. 相似文献
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本研究建立了一种针对环境水样中苯胺类化合物检测的新方法——同步衍生超声乳化微萃取气相色谱法(SDUSAEME-GC-FID).通过氯甲酸丁酯(作为衍生剂/萃取相)的用量、超声时间、样品溶液p H值、离子强度和离心条件等因素对衍生/萃取效果影响的实验研究,确定了最优条件的关键性控制参数.结果表明,在选定条件下分析测定环境水样中5种苯胺类化合物,在6~60 000μg·L-1浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数R2为0.999 7~0.999 9,检测限LOD(3倍信噪比)为1.1~4.1μg·L-1,相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)为2.4%~5.7%,富集系数EF为317~846,测定7种实际环境水样的相对回收率RR为86.8%~105.5%.本方法具有操作简便、灵敏度高、经济环保的特点,可以作为检测环境水样中苯胺类化合物的一种首选方法. 相似文献
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