Environmental and economic impacts of water scarcity and market reform on the Mooki catchment

Over-allocation of irrigation water has led to widespread environmental degradation in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) in Australia, prompting discussions of the water efficiency performance of irrigated industries. There is increasing pressure for irrigators to adopt water efficient practices in line with ecologically sustainable principles, especially with current drought conditions. However, there is great uncertainty surrounding the available practices to improve irrigation efficiency from both ecological and economic standpoints. This paper examines the economic and environmental impact of several possible water efficient practices and government policies, using an interdisciplinary approach combining biophysical modelling and economic modelling. This is done for the case-study of the Mooki catchment in the MDB, located in northern New South Wales, Australia.     

汽车乘务舱半物理环境模拟的甲醛光净化效果分析

汽车乘务舱半物理环境模拟系统,以测试室作为汽车乘务舱的模拟环境,采用平衡子系统作为甲醛污染物生成装置,用于研究在不同条件下甲醛污染物的光净化效果。实验结果表明:良好的通风条件可以改善甲醛的降解效果;甲醛初始浓度升高后虽然其降解效果有所下降,但是降解效果仍然可以达到80%以上;用改变电压来改变光强,9V和12V不同光强条件下,12V的效果好于9V;光照面积的增加可以明显地改善光催化降解的效果;玻璃和皮革作为载体时,皮革载体的降解效果要远好于玻璃载体。实验研究证明,光净化材料完全可以应用于汽车内环境中,且对甲醛空气污染物具有良好的净化效果。     

关于排污权的一级市场和二级市场问题

在分析建立和完善排污权市场机制必要性的基础上,提出了排污权一级市场和二级市场的概念,阐述了参与主体不同、实施手段不同、风险大小不同和作用效果不同是一级市场与二级市场的主要区别;指出排污权一级市场需要解决的核心是公平问题,二级市场需要解决的核心是效率问题,并提出了保证排污权一级市场的公平性和提高二级市场效率的若干重要措施.这对于当前我国实施排污权有偿取得与排污交易,建立排污权市场机制具有重要借鉴意义.     

运用模拟方法解决步行街人车混流区问题

在分析城市步行街及其周边存在人车混行、人员密度高、通行效率低、潜在的危险大的基础上,笔者用计算机模拟方法研究了沈阳市中街步行街的一个人车混行的交叉路口,实际勘察了十字路口道路格局、车流、人流状况,测量、估计通过路口的人数、流量,根据获得的数据,对不设置交通信号灯、设置信号灯、建设过街天桥或地下通道等几种情况进行模拟,得到各种情况下的通行效率,并对不同的过街方案的优缺点进行比较。最终选择过街方案需要综合考虑影响安全和效率的多种因素,包括地域、人流量、路口宽度、周边交通等因素,用较小的经济投入取得最大的通行效率。文中的模拟采用EXODUS软件。     

The Mixed Mechanism in the Management of Water Resources in China

1 INTRODUCTION As an irreplaceable resource for the subsistence and development of mankind, water is essential to sustainable economic and social development. As a resource-poor and the biggest developing country in the world, China is facing the challenge from water resources.2 THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF CHINA'S WATER RESOURCES In China, the problems of water resources involve four aspects: drought and water shortage, serious threats of flooding, water pollution, soil erosion an…     

半干法脱硫工艺的影响因素分析

介绍了半干法LIFAC脱硫工艺的特点及在浙江钱清发电有限责任公司的实际应用情况。通过对该工艺实际运行状况的分析和提高脱硫效率的试验，提出了将炉前喷射改为四角切圆喷射技术，从而达到较稳定的运行状态，并提高脱硫效率。半干法脱硫工艺具有投资少，占地面积小的优点，运行5年多采，已累计削减SO2 20396t，取得了良好的社会效益。     

烧结机头电除尘器的特点及选型探讨

随着烧结工艺的发展，排放标准的提高，对机头电除尘器的要求越来越严格。然而高碱度烧结和高负压操作法等生产工艺却对机头电除尘器造成严重影响。本文针对烧结机头电除尘器的烟气、烟尘特点，充分讨论机头电除尘器在选型时应该考虑的几个问题，以满足机头工艺除尘的要求，以达到净化烟气的目的。     

有机污染物的微生物处理研究进展

微生物处理是一种费用低，效果好，无二次污染且操作简单的处理方法。本文就国内外污泥中有机污染物的微生物处理进行了论述，总结了微生物处理有机污染的研究进展及其主要研究方向。     

Activity and multiple forms of α-L-fucosidase and hexosaminidase in chorion biopsy specimens and some fetal organs

It was shown that activities and isoenzyme patterns of x-L-fucosidase and hexosaminidase were similar in biopsy specimens of chorion obtained immediately before induced abortion in normal pregnancy and in chorion tissue itself. A comparative study of isoenzyme patterns of these glycosidases showed their similarity in chorion and human fetal kidney, liver and lungs. The data obtained may be applied to the investigation of the multiple forms of α-L-fucosidase and hexosaminidase in chorion biopsy specimens for the prenatal diagnosis of fucosidosis (α-L-fucosidase deficiency). Tay-Sachs diseases (hexosaminidase A deficiency) and Sandhoff disease (deficiency of hexosaminidase A and B).     

变速循环流化床烟气脱硫实验和机理分析

以循环流化床原理为基础,在变速循环流化床试验台上进行了烟气脱硫小试研究． 烟气流量为５００ｍ³／ｈ 时,气体在脱硫系统中的理论停留时间为３．２ｓ． 用干消化石灰得到的熟石灰粉末作为脱硫剂,在Ｃａ／Ｓ摩尔比为１．１,喷水量为１１ｋｇ／ｈ,保持趋近绝热饱和温度ΔＴ＝ １２℃时,系统脱硫效率可以达到８９％ ． 对影响脱硫效率的主要因素进行了分析,认为喷水量是影响脱硫效率的最关键因素,并对脱硫机理进行了初步探讨．