汽车产品回收利用技术及商业循环模式的实现

探讨了汽车产品回收利用技术实现的方案。实现汽车的全生命周期,需要经过汽车整车拆解、汽车零部件分类以及汽车零部件再制造或资源化回收这三大步骤,并对这三项内容加以具体阐述。结合现行报废汽车产业政策,提出了一种实现汽车产品回收的商业循环模式。说明了汽车产品回收再制造信息管理系统的重要性,并介绍了其六项功能。     

化学计量学法解析涂料行业废气化学成分

涂料行业废气污染物属于复杂未知体系,常规方法难以进行全面准确的定性定量分析。采用GC/MS法测定涂料行业废气化学成分,利用化学计量学解析法(CRM)对谱图中的色谱峰进行逐一解析,得到各组分的纯色谱曲线和质谱,通过质谱库匹配进行定性,用解析色谱曲线积分法进行定量。从20个色谱峰中解析出了47个组分,鉴定了其中39个化合物,占总含量的90.86%。涂料废气污染物的主要化学成分为苯系物,占总含量的47.88%。该法能对重叠峰进行解析,降低对色谱注的要求,为快速、准确解析复杂未知样本提供了崭新途径。     

聚氨酯涂层固体颗粒冲蚀研究进展

对聚氨酯涂层固体颗粒弹性冲击、塑性冲击及弹塑性冲击的冲蚀过程进行了综述和分析,分别从内部因素和外部因素讨论了影响聚氨酯涂层固体颗粒冲蚀性能的因素,并对现有的固体颗粒冲蚀设备、试验方法及标准进行了归纳总结,最后指出了聚氨酯涂层固体颗粒冲蚀研究中的问题并展望了未来发展方向。     

自然曝晒与加速老化试验下航空涂层失光率的当量关系研究

目的研究航空涂层失光率的当量加速关系。方法针对飞机结构涂覆的航空涂层光泽度失效问题,开展自然曝晒试验和实验室加速老化试验,基于失光率的失效标准,分析涂层老化行为规律。结果建立了飞机涂层自然曝晒条件与实验室加速条件下的当量加速关系。结论同类涂层试验件在自然曝晒试验与加速老化试验下的失光率变化趋势基本保持一致,得到的两类涂层试样的加速老化当量关系函数可为建立实验室加速老化试验和自然曝晒试验之间的当量加速关系提供一定参考。     

自然水体生物膜各组分吸附铅和镉时共存铅、镉的相互影响

研究了自然水体生物膜及其主要组分吸附铅和镉时共存铅、镉间的相互影响,结果发现共存的镉对生物膜各组分吸附铅的能力影响很小,而共存的铅使各组分吸附镉的能力明显下降,且不同组分受影响的程度比较接近.     

无机抗菌剂在建筑涂料中的应用研究

研究了5种无机抗菌剂:锌型沸石抗菌剂、银型沸石抗菌剂、氧化锌晶须复合抗菌剂、纳米TiO2光催化抗菌剂和Ca10-x-yTixZny(PO4)6(OH)2复合抗菌剂在涂料中的应用。以对大肠杆菌(E.coli)的灭菌效果评价抗菌性能。结果表明:锌型抗菌涂料的抗菌效果较差,后4种类型抗菌涂料具有很好抗菌效果。但是,银型抗菌剂和氧化锌晶须复合抗菌剂在涂料中存在易引起涂料变色和难分散问题;纳米TiO2光催化型抗菌剂在涂料中易加快涂料老化;而Ca10-x-yTixZny(PO4)6(OH)2复合抗菌剂既具有良好的抗菌性能,又对涂料的基本性能没有影响,它能够应用到抗菌涂料中。     

紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的应用

概述了紫外光固化涂料在汽车塑料部件、修补漆、面漆上的应用,并展望了紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的发展趋势.     

Scavenging of Cd through Fe/Mn oxides within natural surface coatings

The dynamics of Cd scavenging from solutions by Fe/Mn oxides in natural surface coatings （NSCs） was investigated under laboratory conditions. Selective extraction methods were employed to estimate the contributions of Fe/Mn oxides, where hydroxylamine hydrochloride （0.01 mol/L NH2OH-HCl ＋ 0.01 mol/L HNO3）, sodium dithionite （0.4 mol/L Na2S2O4） and nitric acid （10% HNO3） were used as extraction reagents. The Cd scavenging was accomplished with developing periods of the NSCs （totally 21 data sets）. The resulting process dynamics fitted well to the Elovich equation, demonstrating that the amount of Cd scavenged was proportional to the increments of Fe/Mn oxides that were accumulated in the NSCs. The amount of Cd bound to Fe oxides （MCdFe） and Mn oxides （MCdMn） could be quantified by solving two equations based on the properties of two extraction reagents. The amount of Cd scavenged by Fe/Mn oxides could also be estimated using MCdFe and MCdMn divided by the total amounts of Fe and Mn oxides in the NSCs, respectively. The results indicated that the Cd scavenging by Fe/Mn oxides was dominated by Fe oxides, with less roles attributed to Mn oxides. The estimated levels of Cd scavenging through Fe and Mn oxides agreed well with those predicted through additive-adsorption and linear-regression models.     

海洋环境对厘米波隐身涂层的影响规律

就我国海洋环境对厘米波隐身涂层的影响规律进行了总结。得到了该涂层除外观颜色变化较明显外,力学性能和隐身性能均变化不显著的结果。为设计、研制部门掌握海洋环境对厘米波隐身涂层的影响规律,提高装备的环境适应性提供参考。     

Industrial applications of natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites – challenges and opportunities

The growing industrial demand for sustainable materials has led to a paradigm shift in the focus from synthetic polymers towards natural fibres. This paper deals with the challenges and opportunities associated with the use of natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites in various industrial applications. Natural fibres being biodegradable, light in weight, cost-effective and environment friendly are good candidate materials for modern industrial applications. Use of natural fibres in various industries with a focus on automotive and furniture industry has been discussed. The commonly used natural fibres in polymer composites including jute, hemp, sisal, kenaf, bamboo, cotton, flax, abaca, coir etc. have been dealt with in this paper. The literature revealed that tensile strength and other mechanical properties of these fibres are comparable to synthetic fibres like glass or carbon fibres. However, the temperature stability of polymers limits their extensive use and remains an issue to be addressed.