重庆市碳排放现状及低碳经济发展战略研究

低碳经济以低能耗、低污染、低排放为基础,是当今世界减缓温室气体排放、应对气候变化的最佳经济发展模式。本文初步估算了重庆市包括二氧化碳排放总量、人均排放量、万元GDP排放强度等碳排放现状,分析了近年来全市碳排放减缓的趋势以及二氧化碳排放来源解析的结果,探讨了重庆市低碳发展的良好基础,提出了重庆市发展低碳经济的战略取向、战略目标、战略重点和战略措施建议,描绘了重庆市低碳发展的行动路线图,认为低碳经济是重庆市转变经济发展方式、实现可持续发展的必然选择。     

Outdoor and indoor cadmium distributions near an abandoned smelting works and their relations to human exposure

The relationship of measured or modelled Cd concentrations in soil, house dust and available to plants with human urinary Cd concentrations were assessed in a population living around a Cd/Pb/Zn smelter in the UK. Modelled air concentrations explained 35% of soil Cd variation indicating the smelter contributed to soil Cd loads. Multi-variate analysis confirmed a significant role of biological and life-style factors in determining urinary Cd levels. Significant correlations of urinary Cd with soil, house dust and modelled plant available Cd concentrations were not, however, found. Potential reasons for the absence of clear relationships include limited environmental contact in urban populations; the role of undefined factors in determining exposure; and the limited spatial scope of the survey which did not sample from the full pollution gradient. Further, the absence of any significant relationship indicates that environmental measures provide limited advantage over atmospheric model outputs for first stage human exposure assessment.     

Connectivity of wood thrush breeding,wintering, and migration sites based on range‐wide tracking

Many migratory animals are experiencing rapid population declines, but migration data with the geographic scope and resolution to quantify the complex network of movements between breeding and nonbreeding regions are often lacking. Determining the most frequently used migration routes and nonbreeding regions for a species is critical for understanding population dynamics and making effective conservation decisions. We tracked the migration of individual Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) (n = 102) from across their range with light‐level geolocators and, for the first time, quantified migration routes and wintering regions for distinct breeding populations. We identified regional and species‐level migratory connectivity networks for this declining songbird by combining our tracking results with range‐wide breeding abundance estimates and forest cover data. More than 50% of the species occupied the eastern wintering range (Honduras to Costa Rica), a region that includes only one‐third of all wintering habitat and that is undergoing intensive deforestation. We estimated that half of all Wood Thrushes in North America migrate south through Florida in fall, whereas in spring approximately 73% funnel northward through a narrow span along the central U.S. Gulf Coast (88–93°W). Identifying migratory networks is a critical step for conservation of songbirds and we demonstrated with Wood Thrushes how it can highlight conservation hotspots for regional populations and species as a whole. Conectividad de Sitios de Reproducción, Invierno y Migración del Zorzal con Base en Rastreo de Cobertura Amplia     

关于《生态保护》课程实践教学若干问题的探讨

《生态保护》在我院是一门重要的课程，也是一门实践性很强的学科，但是目前该课程的实践教学环节还相当薄弱。增建实习实践基地，选择合适的实习路线，拟建相关学科实验室等措施将为该课程的实践教学提供保障。     

南水北调中线工程与汉江中下游地区农业的持续发展

南水北调中线工程是指从汉江的丹江口水库引水供给华北地区,同时考虑鄂,豫两省汉江唐白河流域和淮河流域的需水要求的战略性工程,是调整水资源的空白布局,解决我国北方缺水问题的紧迫任务。汉江中下游地区是湖北省的粮仓和重要的产业基地,是汉江流域经济发展的中心。由于调水的影响,汉江丹江口以下的流量及季节性分配将发生变化,航运,水质,农业灌溉,工业生产以及城市发展等将受到不同程度的影响,直接关系到汉江中下游地区     

民用建筑中的公共卫生安全问题研究

在对历史上所发生的几次传染病流行为进行分析的基础上 ,笔者认为 :传染病的流行 ,对人类的生存与发展会产生非常重要的影响 ;人一生中大部分时间是在室内度过 ,因而人类传染病的流行与建筑物及其环境有关 ;传染病流行的关键包括 3个要素 ,其中传染途径与建筑物的关系更为突出。通过对已有建筑物的考察 ,发现建筑物内水与空气的处理不当可能是传染病的重要传染途径 ,为此分析了成因 ,同时提出了处理传染途径的具体措施。     

对2003年春季陕西省沙尘暴、扬沙天气的分析

通过对2003年春季天气气候背景和天气气候变化的研究,指出2003年春季陕西沙尘暴、扬沙明显减少是由高空纬向环流偏强、径向环流偏弱和前期降水偏多共同所致.     

Risks of transabdominal chorionic villus sampling before the 12th week of amenorrhea

The authors report on a series of 210 chorion villus sampling diagnoses made with a needle by the transabdominal route. The rate of fetal loss was 4·2 per cent. Placental localization was important: fetal losses were 8 per cent when the placenta was strictly posterior (transamniotic route), whereas it was only 1·6 per cent when it was not posterior. Moreover, all fetal losses occurred (apart from one at 12·5 weeks of amenorrhea) before the 12th week of amenorrhea. The authors suggest that choriocentesis by the transabdominal route should not be performed before the 12th week of amenorrhea, and that the amniotic membrane should not be disturbed before the 13th week of amenorrhea.     

京杭运河徐州市区段水质现状评价及污染变化趋势分析

京杭运河徐州市区段是南水北调东线工程的重要输水通道，为了解其水质状况。利用2004年度例行监测数据对该段水质进行评价，结果为轻度污染，近五年水质变化呈逐年好转趋势。这表明该段污染治理已取得一定成效，水质得到改善，为南水北调工程实施奠定了基础。     

大连-烟台海底光缆路由区硫化物分布规律及成因探讨

通过对大连.烟台海底光缆路由区海底土中的硫化物含量分布规律的研究,发现路由区表层海底土中硫化物含量最高为47.1×10-6,分布在路由的北端;最低含量在检出限以下(即＜0.5×10-6),分布在路由的中部和南部的大部分区域.1.0～1.5 m层海底土中硫化物含量均在检出线以下.说明表层海底土中硫化物的含量远大于1.0～1.5 m层海底土中硫化物含量.对其原因进行分析,发现该海底土中硫化物含量的分布规律主要受海底土类型和水动力特征的影响和制约.