紫外光促进盐酸聚苯胺催化H2O2氧化处理罗丹明B废水

以苯胺和过硫酸铵为主要原料合成了盐酸聚苯胺(HClPANI)催化剂,并通过FTIR、XRD、SEM和EDS对催化剂进行了表征。研究了在紫外光照下、HClPANI催化H2O2氧化处理罗丹明B染料废水工艺参数,探讨了各种因素对废水脱色效果的影响,并对催化氧化机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,催化剂HClPANI对催化H2O2氧化处理罗丹明B具有较好的催化活性、稳定性和重复使用性能。UV-H2O2-HClPANI体系产生了明显的协同效应,在pH=3、200 mg/L的罗丹明B废水中,30%H2O2用量为1.2 mL/L、HClPANI用量1 g/L、反应温度25℃、紫外灯功率500 W、光照70 min,罗丹明B脱色率达到了98.2%。     

Ciprofloxacin-sensitive and ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni are equally susceptible to natural orange oil-based antimicrobials

A total of 10 ciprofloxacin-sensitive (ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC < 0.5 μ g/ml) and 10 ciprofloxacin-resistant (MIC 16 to 32 μ g/ml) presumptive C. jejuni were further characterized and evaluated for their inhibition by natural orange oil fractions. Partial species identification was performed by using a hippuricase gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. One of the isolates appeared to be atypical and failed to hydrolyze hippurate. Of the ciprofloxacin-resistant C. jejuni isolates tested, six were found to have their quinolone resistance determined by a C → T mutation in codon 86 of gyrA. Both groups of ciprofloxacin-sensitive and –resistant C. jejuni isolates were most susceptible to cold-pressed terpeneless Valencia orange oil (C4) which yielded inhibition zones from 44.0 ± 1.4 to 80 ± 0.0 mm. Less inhibitory responses were recorded for 5-fold concentrated Valencia orange oil (C3) and distilled d-limonene (C7) which exerted similar effects on both ciprofloxacin-sensitive and –resistant C. jejuni isolates. In general, ciprofloxacin-resistant and –sensitive C. jejuni isolates were equally susceptible to the respective orange oil fractions.     

废弃物焚烧产物中HCl的检测研究

选取几种典型废弃物燃料样品,在5 T/d循环流化床焚烧实验装置上进行了焚烧实验.采集实验装置不同位置的焚烧后烟气,用"NaOH吸收～AgNO3滴定"的方法对其中的Cl-进行了检测.实验结果表明,HCl的生成在很大程度上是受到烟气中氯盐的作用,湿法可以有效去除烟气中的HCl.在150 T/d大型工业化装置上进行的实际测试表明湿法处理可以满足排放要求.     

Acute toxicity of DMAH to Oryzias latipes as modified by some influential factors

As a new insecticide,less information about the aquatic biological toxicity of DMAH [N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylamidine hydrochloride]is known.Acute 96h static bioassays were conducted with Oryzias latipes to assess the toxicity of DMAH and the influence of environ- mental factors.The results indicated that,at 23℃,the 24h,48h and 96h LC⁵⁰ are 14.6 mg/L,13. 06 mg/L and 12.39 mg/L,respectively,the safe concentration (SC)of DMAH to Oryzias latipes is 1.16-1.32 mg/L.The changes of temperature,pH value and hardness of water will significantly influence the toxicity of DMAH to fish.     

Fate of pesticide N'' (2,4 dimethylphenyl) N methylformamide hydrochloride in simulated aquatic ecosystem

ＦａｔｅｏｆｐｅｓｔｉｃｉｄｅＮ’（２，４ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌｐｈｅｎｙｌ）ＮｍｅｔｈｙｌｆｏｒｍａｍｉｄｅｈｙｄｒｏｃｈｌｏｒｉｄｅｉｎｓｉｍｕｌａｔｅｄａｑｕａｔｉｃｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍＹａｎｇＫｅｗｕ，ＭｏＨａｎｈｏｎｇ，ＡｎＦｅｎｇｃｈｕ...     

过硫酸盐协同光催化纳米ZnO降解盐酸四环素的影响机制

以水葫芦为原料,制备了负载纳米ZnO的生物炭材料（ZnO-BC）,研究了单独光催化ZnO-BC和过硫酸钠（PS）协同ZnO-BC/UV体系氧化降解盐酸四环素（TC）.结果表明,PS协同ZnO-BC /UV体系的降解反应速率比单独光催化ZnO-BC时有显著提高,120min后降解率达到89.48%.PS可作为强氧化剂,利用纳米ZnO的光生电子产生SO₄^-·和·OH协同光催化反应.TC的反应过程可分为两个阶段：暗吸附阶段和光催化反应阶段.影响因素和响应面试验结果得出的影响顺序为PS浓度 > 紫外灯功率 > 初始pH值 > 纳米ZnO质量浓度.猝灭试验表明,在TC的降解中,SO₄^-·和·OH是参与反应的主要自由基.起氧化作用的自由基一部分在溶液中产生,另一部分由生物炭材料表面含氧官能团的作用和紫外光激发纳米ZnO产生.在此基础上,探讨了在TC降解过程中,PS与ZnO-BC的协同机理和协同作用的规律.     

Ru(bipy)32+-Ce(IV)化学发光体系检测环境水体中盐酸林可霉素

在酸性条件下,盐酸林可霉素（Lincomycin hydrochloride,LCHC）对Ru（bipy）₃²⁺-Ce（IV）化学发光体系有增敏作用,且化学发光强度随着LCHC浓度增加而增加,由此建立一种Ru（bipy）₃²⁺-Ce（IV）化学发光体系快速测定LCHC的新方法。在优化的条件下,化学发光强度与LCHC的浓度在1.0×10^-6 ~1.0×10^-3 g/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,R²=0.999 01,方法检测限为3.0×10^-7 g/mL（3S/N）。对5.0×10^-5 g/mL的LCHC 11次连续测定,其相对标准偏差（RSD）为5.0%。并将建立的流动注射-化学发光分析方法应用到3种环境水体（南明河水、雨水和自来水）中LCHC的检测。环境水体中LCHC检测结果的RSD在1.7%~5.2%之间,加标回收率在86.7%~106.7%之间,结果准确可靠,令人满意。     

硫酸盐还原菌活性污泥胞外聚合物对环丙沙星的吸附机制

胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)是微生物污泥的重要组成部分,在废水生物处理过程中起着至关重要的作用.通过上流式硫酸盐还原反应器(sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed,SRUSB)的连续运行和批次实验评价了硫酸盐还原菌(sulfate-reducing bacteria,SRB)活性污泥对环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CIP)的去除以及EPS在CIP去除过程中所起的重要作用.结果表明,SRB污泥可通过吸附和生物降解有效去除CIP,其中吸附是主要去除途径,EPS在吸附过程中起到重要作用.采用三维荧光光谱结合平行因子分析探究了SRB活性污泥的EPS与CIP结合的机制;采用傅里叶红外光谱分析鉴定了EPS中参与CIP结合的主要官能团.EPS主要通过静态猝灭与CIP结合形成EPS-CIP复合物,其中色氨酸和酪氨酸类蛋白质是EPS中主要参与CIP结合的物质,结合常数分别为1.43×104L·mol~(-1)和1.02×104L·mol~(-1);红外分析表明,羟基、氨基和羧基是EPS中主要参与CIP结合的基团.实验结果揭示了SRB污泥的EPS与CIP结合的机制,有助于更好地理解EPS在SRB污泥系统去除CIP,以及其他有机微污染物的过程中所起的重要作用.     

Wet Strength and Water Resistance of Modified Soy Protein Adhesives and Effects of Drying Treatment

Soy protein isolate (SPI) was modified using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl). Adhesion performance of the modified SPI on fiberboard was studied. The Water-soluble mass of the modified SPI adhesives was examined following modified ASTM D5570. The SDS-modified SPI containing 91% protein had a water-soluble mass of 1.7%. To be considered a water-resistant adhesive, the water-soluble mass of adhesive should be less than 2%. The wet shear strength test showed 100% cohesive failure within fiberboard, indicating that the modified SPI has good water resistance. The effect of drying treatment on adhesion performance of the SDS-modified SPI on fiberboard was then investigated. Drying treatment significantly affected the final adhesion performance. Shear strength did not change much, but the percentage of cohesive failure within fiberboard increased markedly as drying temperature increased. All the unsoaked, soaked, and wet specimens glued by the adhesives treated at 70° or 90°C had 100% cohesive failure within fiberboard. Viscosity also increased greatly with an increase in drying temperature. This information will be useful in developing low-cost adhesive processing system in the future.     

Growth response and toxic effects of three antibiotics on Selenastrum capricornutum evaluated by photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll biosynthesis

The effects of three types of antibiotics (erythromycin,ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole) on the photosynthesis of freshwater algae,Selenastrum capricornutum Printz,were investigated by determining the growth rate,chloroplast pigments content,seven main precursors (including δ-aminolevulinic acid,porphobilinogen,uroporphyrinogen III,coproporphyrinogen III,protoporphyrin IX,Mg-proporphyrin IX and protochlorophyllide),and photosynthetic rate during chlorophyll biosynthesis.The antibiotics significantly decr...