医院污水处理站设计研究

以淇县人民医院污水处理站实际生产工艺流程为研究对象,全面考察了污水处理采用预处理+格栅+调节池+缺氧好氧工艺+絮凝沉淀+过滤+二氧化氯消毒工艺,污泥处理采用污泥浓缩+压滤脱水工艺的工作性能.同时系统介绍了各个处理单元的功能和设计要点,为工艺推广应用提供直接的设计依据.在此基础上,对医院污水收集、污水处理工艺选择、污水处理设施选择以及处理设施运行管理等方面进行了总结探讨.     

某铅锌矿采空区处理与卸压开采方案研究

900m水平似上采空区回收矿柱及900 m水平以下的巷道掘进或矿房开采时经常发生岩爆.为了安全、经济地回收矿柱并实施深部开采,在数值分析的基础上,提出了一种急倾斜矿体的采空区处理与卸压开采方法,并用ANSYS数值模拟确定了采空区处理及卸压开采的施工参数.结果表明,在下盘脉外巷道离采空区边缘的水平距离为10 m时,上盘脉外巷道离采空区边缘的水平距离取20m;在巷道底板隔断开采的深度不超过20m;必须从上、下盘脉外巷道同时向采空区围岩实施V型松动爆破;可只在上盘巷道底板进行隔断开采.该采空区处理与卸压开采方法技术可行、经济合理、简便适用.当地表允许岩体移动时这种新方法适合急倾斜、厚度大矿体的采空区处理与卸压开采;如果地表不许可岩体移动,使用这种新方法是不合适的.该采空区处理与卸压开采方法是一种采空区处理的联合法.它能够用工程爆破这一种手段实现采空区处理、应力向有利于安全生产的方向转移等多种目的.     

Comparison studies of adsorption properties of MgO nanoparticles and ZnO–MgO nanocomposites for linezolid antibiotic removal from aqueous solution using response surface methodology

In this investigation, the adsorption measure of linezolid antibiotic onto MgO nanoparticles and ZnO–MgO nanocomposites were performed. The adsorbents were characterized by different techniques such as XRD, SEM, TEM and BET. The parameters influence such as the pH, adsorbent dosage and temperature was tested and evaluated by Box–Behnken Design combined with response surface methodology. Performing adsorption tests at optimal conditions set as 0.5 g L⁻¹ of adsorbent, pH 10 and 308 K make admit to obtain high adsorption turnover (123.45 and 140.28 mg g⁻¹ for MgO nanoparticles and ZnO–MgO nanocomposites, respectively). A good compromise between predicted and experimental data in this research was observed. The experimental equilibrium data fitting to Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich models indicate that the Langmuir model is a best model for evaluation of adsorption behavior. Kinetic evaluation of experimental data indicated that the adsorption operations followed well pseudo-second-order models. The adsorption capacity of ZnO–MgO nanocomposites is higher than MgO nanoparticles that because of the ZnO–MgO nanocomposites have high specific surface area.     

Waterfowl foraging in winter-flooded ricefields: Any agronomic benefits for farmers?

Winter-flooding of ricefields provides foraging habitat to waterfowl, which in return may bring agronomic benefits to farmers. Our study experimentally tested the effect of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) on the standing stalks and weed seed bank in the Camargue (France), both of which present major challenges for farmers. Three duck densities were tested: (D1) 5 ducks ha⁻¹ (historical nocturnal density), (D2) 23 ducks ha⁻¹ (present nocturnal density), and (D3) 300 ducks ha⁻¹ (Asian rice-duck farming density). The ducks reduced the stalks significantly: −27 % (D1), −52 % (D2), and −91 % (D3). Conversely, they decreased the number of seeds by only 3 % (D3) and the seed mass by about 21 % (D1 and D3), which was not significant. Besides they had no effect on seed species richness. This study clearly demonstrates that the winter-flooding effect on straw decomposition can be enhanced by waterfowl foraging, hence showing an agronomic benefit from ducks to farmers. However, there was no clear effect in terms of seed bank reduction.     

电解锰企业生产废水循环模式优化

通过对贵州省电解锰行业生产废水循环模式的调查,针对水质、水量特征进行改造:电解锰生产冷却循环水的强制排污水可降级作为电解产品和阴极板的冲洗水使用,处理后的含铬锰废水可作为制液氨水和电解清槽用水。进行以上优化后,电解锰生产废水闭路循环是可以实现的。     

北京大型体育赛事突发事件及应急处理

系统研究了北京大型体育赛事突发事件特点及应急处理的相关问题,涉及的主要内容有:北京大型体育赛事的特点,大型体育赛事突发事件的特点及种类,国内外处理大型体育赛事突发事件的经验及面临的突出问题,北京大型体育赛事突发事件应急处理体系的建立和完善等.本研究成果对北京大型体育赛事突发事件应急处理具有借鉴和参考价值.     

Greenhouse gas emission reductions through waste management and disposal planning

The Third Conference of the Parties of the UN-FCCC (CoP-3) held in Kyoto in 1997 defined a Protocol with level of reduction of the Greenhouse Gasses (GHGs) overall emissions for Italy of 6.5% with respect to 1990 emissions. A mathematical model was created in order to evaluate the range of GHGs reduction effects obtained by upgrading waste collection, treatment and disposal system to new Italian regulation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

应用逼近于理想解的排序法优选环境监测点位的研究

尝试应用逼近于理想解的排序法进行环境监测点位的研究,证明此法具有简便、易行、实用性和科学性较强的特点.     

New best estimates for radionuclide solid–liquid distribution coefficients in soils,Part 1: radiostrontium and radiocaesium

Best estimates for the solid-liquid distribution coefficients (K_d) of radiostrontium and radiocaesium for various soil types, were derived from geometric means (GM) calculated from grouping soils by texture and organic matter content, and also using soil cofactors governing soil–radionuclide interaction. The K_d (Sr) GM for Sand, Loam, Clay and Organic groups were similar, although the value for the Sand group was significantly lower. The Sr cofactor approach, based on the ratios of cation exchange capacity (CEC) to Ca and Mg concentrations in the soil solution, leads to K_d (Sr) GM with a lower variability, from which best estimates could be proposed. The K_d (Cs) GM for Sand and Organic groups differed, although similar values were obtained for Loam and Clay groups. Grouping the K_d (Cs) according to the Radiocaesium Interception Potential (RIP) and the RIP divided by the K concentration in the soil solution also allows to suggest K_d (Cs) best estimates with a lower variability.     

离子色谱在监测土霉素结晶母液废水处理过程中土霉素含量的研究

土霉素结晶母液是一种含高硫高氮的高浓度难生物降解有抽废水，有用前置反硝化法对其进行脱氮处理过程中，残留的土霉素等对反硝化有明显的生物和抑制作用，用离子色谱法（以0mniPac PCX-100为分离柱，0.2mol.l^-1盐酸－27.9%乙腈（V／V）为淋洗液）测定经预酸化处理后废水中的土霉素含量，分析结果表明，预酸化处理可以显著降解废水中的土壤素，提高其可生化性，该法6min内即可完成土霉素含量的测定，土霉素的检出限为10ug.l^-1.