气浮--厌氧--生物接触氧化工艺处理屠宰废水

介绍了采用气浮-厌氧-生物接触氧化工艺处理屠宰废水的工程实例。当进水CODcr≤4500mg／L时，出水可达到国家《肉类加工工业污染物排放标准》(GB13457—1992)一级标准。     

水解-接触氧化工艺处理针织染整废水

介绍了采用水解-接触氧化工艺处理针织染整废水,工程运行结果表明：CODcr和色度的去除率分别达到91.3%、88%,最终排放污水达到国家污水Ⅰ级标准.该工艺具有处理效果好、经济、运行稳定等特点,在染整废水处理中具有实用性.     

竹制填料生物接触氧化工艺处理污染河水简

针对受污染的湖溪河水质特征，以传统弹性塑料填料做对比，研究以竹球和竹丝为填料的生物接触氧化工艺，考察填料的挂膜时间、生物量和污水处理效果；确定连续曝气和间歇曝气时反应器的最优运行工况：连续曝气时为HRT=7.5 h，DO=3 mg/L；间歇曝气时为厌氧1.2 h、好氧6.3 h交替运行。实验结果表明，与弹性塑料填料相比，竹制填料挂膜速度快，竹球填料的水处理效果最好；连续曝气最优工况下竹球填料反应器中COD、TN、NH₃-N和TP的平均去除率分别为66.7%、47.9%、57.1%和30.6%；间歇曝气最优工况下竹球填料反应器中COD、TN、NH₃-N和TP的平均去除率分别64.08%、39.95%、60.7%和54.68%；竹制填料可替代传统的塑料填料作为生物接触氧化工艺的载体填料。     

长江中游城市群空间联系研究

基于城市流强度模型和城市间相互作用模型,以长江中游城市群27个地级市为研究对象,分析了城市群内的城市辐射能力及其内在的经济联系。结果表明:(1)长江中游城市群整体集聚和辐射能力较弱,区域内中低级城市流强度的城市占多数;(2)城市群内第二、三产业辐射能力存在较大差异,第二产业呈现出较强的辐射能力,而第三产业辐射能力较弱,并且其空间分布相对较为分散;(3)区域中心城市的核心带动作用总体较弱,辐射范围和辐射强度都有待加强;(4)长江中游城市群内城市间空间联系不够紧密,且联系程度空间差异较大。省际城市之间联系贫乏,城市间尚未形成联系紧密的辐射网络。     

Degradation of monofluorophenols in water irradiated with gaseous plasma

Decomposition of aqueous monofluorophenols (MFPs) was investigated by contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE). During CGDE, both MFPs and the corresponding total organic carbon (TOC) in water were consumed smoothly, suggesting that carbon atoms of benzene nucleus could be eventually mineralized to inorganic carbon (IC). And all the fluorine atoms in the MFPs were equally converted to fluoride ions. Based on the primary intermediates from each starting materials, it showed that aromatic hydroxylation preferentially occurred at the para- or ortho- position to the phenolic OH group of each MFPs. The disappearance of both MFPs and TOC followed the first-order rate law. The apparent rate constants for the decay of MFPs were independent from the pK_a values of MFPs.     

“水解酸化+接触氧化”工艺在小型企业中成药废水处理中的应用

介绍了"水解酸化+接触氧化"工艺处理具有污染物浓度高、水质水量波动大等特点的某小型企业中药废水实际工程。监测数据表明该工艺处理效果稳定、可靠,出水指标达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》医药原料药二级标准。     

微电解接触氧化系统处理水源中2-氯酚研究

在微电解接触氧化系统中,研究了2-氯酚的降解特性和机理。在酸性溶液中,2-氯酚的降解效率比其在中性和碱性溶液的高。向其中加入活性炭,由于表面催化的作用使得2-氯酚更易降解。溶液中的溶解氧参与电极反应并促进2-氯酚的降解。降解产物有1,2-苯二酚、丙三醇、草酸和乙酸。通过对中间产物的分析,提出了2-氯酚可能的降解途径。     

FCR多级接触氧化系统处理乳品工业废水的研究

为提高乳品工业废水生物处理的去污脱氮能力,以新型螺旋状纤维填料作为载体,采用多级氧化槽内不同种类微生物形成的食物链系统（food chain reactor）,详细考察了不同水力停留时间COD、TN、NH^＋₄-N、TP等的去除率及其去除机理,并对污泥减量化效果进行了初步探讨.结果表明,当进水COD为842～1 843 　mg/L、TN为36.3～92.2 　mg/L、NH^＋₄-N为30.1～52.1 　mg/L,HRT=6　h时,系统COD的平均去除率达到93.3%;TN和NH⁺₄-N的去除效果显著,其平均去除率分别达到73.3%和80.7%,出水COD、TN、NH⁺₄-N平均值分别为79.4　mg/L、9.6 　mg/L、6.1　mg/L,均低于《污水综合排放标准》（GB 8978-2002）的一级标准.该系统不仅具有较高的去污脱氮效果,而且产生的剩余污泥量极少,其污泥产率的平均值为7.7%.该系统运行费用低,操作管理方便,长期运行稳定,可应用于城市污水、中高浓度有机废水（如餐厅污水、食品工业废水）等的处理.     

Non-UV based germicidal activity of metal-doped TiO2 coating on solid surfaces

A stain-based screening method was developed to screen different catalyst coatings for their germicidal activity. A Baclight dead/live bacteria viability kit （invitrogen, molecular probes） was used for staining the cell. The screening was carried out following a standard procedure. This included loading cell suspension to solid surface and maintaining contact for 30 min, then staining with a mixture containing dyes. The stained cells were observed using an epifluorescent microscope and photographed with a CCD camera under UV. Metal-doped TiO2 coatings on AI plates were prepared and tested for non-UV germicidal activity without using UV. It was tested using model microorganisms such as Bakers Yeast （Saccharomyces cerevisiae）, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, and Escherichia coli. On the basis of the germicidal activity of catalyst and the degree of damage caused to the cells, the stained cells may appear green （viable）, green with red or yellow nuclei and yellow （compromised） or red （nonviable）. According to their stained color, cells were counted to calculate the percentage of dead, live, and compromised cells. Compromised cells are cells that grow very slowly after reculturing indicating a degree of reversible cell damage. Screening the germicidal activity using this staining method is accurate and efficient, and requires less time than the culture-based method. A modification to the procedure for measuring germicidal activity of rough surfaces or fibrous coatings was developed. Both TiO2 and metal-doped TiO2 （Ag, Pt, Au, Cu） possess non-UV based germicidal activity. The germicidal activity of TiO2 was found to be related with its wetting property and can be improved by UV irradiation before testing. It is not greatly affected by contact time, indicating a fast acting germicidal activity.     

Effect of sulfate on the methanogenic activity of a bacterial culture from a brewery wastewater during glucose degradation

The maximum specific methanogenic activity （SMA） of a sludge originating from a brewery wastewater treatment plant on the degradation of glucose was investigated at various levels of sulfate on a specific loading basis. Batch experiments were conducted in serum bottles at pH 7 and 35℃. A comparison of the values indicates that the SMA of this mixed culture was increased and reached its highest level of 0.128 g CH4 gas COD/（g VSS.d） when biomass was in contact with sulfate at a ratio of 1：0.114 by weight.