Sludge reduction with Tubificidae and the impact on the performance of the wastewater treatment process

To reduce excess sludge, a Tubificidae reactor was combined with an integrated oxidation ditch with vertical circle (IODVC), and a new integrated system was developed for wastewater treatment. A pilot-scale of this integrated system was tested to investigate the sludge reduction with Tubificidae and the impact on effluent quality and sludge production. The dominant worm was Branchnria Sowerbyi in the Tubificidae reactor after inoculation of Branchnria Sowerbyi and Limnodrilns sp., and the maximal volume density of wet Tubificidae in vessels of the Tubificidae reactor was 17600 g/m3. Two operational modes, treating the excess sludge (first mode) and the returned sludge (second mode) of IODVC by the Tubificidae reactor, were used in this experiment. The results showed that the excess sludge reduction rate was 46.4% in the first mode, and the average sludge yield of the integrated system was 6.19×10-5 kg SS/kg COD in the second mode. Though the sludge returned to IODVC via the Tubificidae reactor, it had little impact on the effluent quality and the sludge characteristics of the IODVC. No new type of recalcitrant substance in the supernatant was discharged into the environment when the sludge was treated by Tubificidae. The experimental results also indicated that no significant changes occurred on the viscosity, specific resistance, and the floc size distribution of the sludge.     

亚洲地区稻田N2O排放影响因子统计模拟分析

关于稻田N2O排放大样本统计分析大多只涉及水分因子和肥料因子,本研究收集历年亚洲稻田N2O排放资料和更多影响因子(水分管理、肥料类型及用量、土壤属性、气候和水稻类型等)的相关信息,从中筛选出具有统计学意义的因子,构建排放通量和上述因子的统计模型.具有统计学意义的因子包括不同水分管理措施、肥料用量、不同有机肥类型、不同p...     

Integration of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell in a sugar-ethanol factory: analysis of the efficiency and the environmental profile of the products

The effect of the integration of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) technology in a sugar-ethanol factory on the environmental profile/footprint of the products (sugar, ethanol, electricity) is evaluated. The sugarcane is the primary feedstock and sugar, ethanol and electricity are the main products of the system, where the functional unit is defined as 9.86 ton/h of sugar, 2.195 ton/h of hydrated ethanol (96% w/w) and 847 kWh of electricity. A detailed set of material and energy inputs and outputs was obtained from a local factory and was completed using simulation data by Aspen Plus^®.The environmental impacts (greenhouse gases and air pollution), exergy efficiency and a renewability parameter have been considered as indicators for the comparative assessment with conventional sugar, ethanol and electricity production technologies. The results show that the use of a SOFC technology involves a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (52-55%) and non-renewable resources (60-64%) when compared with the conventional integrated sugar and ethanol plant. The higher renewability index (0.93) and exergy efficiency (38%) are noticed for the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell technology integrated in the sugar-ethanol factory than conventional sugar-ethanol plant.     

Application of the AERMOD modeling system for environmental impact assessment of NO2 emissions from a cement complex

We applied the model of American Meteorological Society-Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) as a tool for the analysis of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions from a cement complex as a part of the environmental impact assessment. The dispersion of NO2 from four cement plants within the selected cement complex were investigated both by measurement and AERMOD simulation in dry and wet seasons. Simulated values of NO2 emissions were compared with those obtained during a 7-day continuous measurement campaign at 12 receptors. It was predicted that NO2 concentration peaks were found more within 1 to 5 km, where the measurement and simulation were in good agreement, than at the receptors 5 km further away from the reference point. The Quantile- Quantile plots of NO2 concentrations in dry season were mostly fitted to the middle line compared to those in wet season. This can be attributed to high NO2 wet deposition. The results show that for both the measurement and the simulation using the AERMOD, NO2 concentrations do not exceed the NO2 concentration limit set by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of Thailand. This indicates that NO2 emissions from the cement complex have no significant impact on nearby communities. It can be concluded that the AERMOD can provide useful information to identify high pollution impact areas for the EIA guidelines.     

水电开发与规划环评

“十二五”规划纲要提出在做好生态保护和移民安置的前提下积极发展水电,并明确“十二五”期间要开工建设1．2亿千瓦水电的目标,我国需要加强水电开发管理,促进水电健康发展。2009年10月实施的《规划环境影响评价条例》要求在发展规划和决策中考虑环境影响,以实现具有环境相容性的人类活动的目的。在我国各种社会经济建设领域中,水利水电建设是最早开始建设项目环境影响评价和规划环境影响评价的领域之一。本文分析了现行规划环境影响评价制度框架下解决水电开发生态问题的五大难点,认为尚难破解水电规划开发生态难题,在此基础上提出了完善规划环境影响评价机制以解决水电开发中生态环境问题的对策,以期为落实“十二五”规划纲要所提出的在做好生态保护和移民安置的前提下积极发展水电提供决策参考。     

大气环境影响评价导则修订与对比分析

环境影响评价技术导则--大气环境>(HJ 2.2-2008)于2008年12月正式颁布,与原大气导则((HJ/T 2.2-93))相比,修订后的大气导则各章节都有不同程度的修改,其中改动较大的是评价等级分级、推荐预测模式、大气环境防护距离等内容.导则修订过程中,结合国家最新环境保护政策及管理要求,修改完善了导则各条款规...     

关于汽车制造厂涂装水平的研究和探讨

汽车制造工业从19世纪发展至今已有近200年的发展历史,涂装是汽车制造过程中主要生产环节,也是主要废气污染源产生环节。随着工业技术发展,其生产技术水平也日新月异,尤其是随着汽车涂装清洁生产标准的实施和环保型涂料的逐步推广,给汽车涂装带来了新的技术革命。环境影响评价制度作为建设项目实施前的环保可行性论证,评价涂装水平及涂料使用水平可直接影响到该类建设项目的环保可行性,因此研究汽车制造工业涂料现状水平及发展趋势可为该类建设项目的审批提供重要决策依据。     

RS和GIS在风景区旅游开发项目生态环评中的应用

目前风景区旅游开发项目日益增多,旅游开发活动对区域生态环境的影响不容忽视。RS-GIS应用于生态环境评价,不仅可以将空间数据和属性数据有机地结合在一起,而且对空间数据分析具有高效、快捷、准确的功能,为生态环境影响定量化评价提供了有力的技术支撑。文章就遥感-地理信息系统技术在湖北某风景区旅游开发项目生态环境影响评价中的应用进行了分析。     

中国可再生能源发展的环境影响及管理对策

可再生能源并不是“绝对的”清洁能源,其产业链的部分环节也会污染环境和破坏生态。环境管理不善是造成可再生能源项目生态环境破坏的重要原因之一．巨额投资对经济发展的带动作用导致其环保问题被忽视。未来我国可再生能源将持续快速发展,环境影响及生态破坏问题将有可能集中爆发,必须采取有效的管理措施,避免可再生能源环境污染及生态破坏问题,促进可再生能源产业全面均衡健康发展。     

浅谈桉树工业原料林对生态环境的影响

介绍了桉树的特点,分析了普洱市、文山州大规模发展人工桉树林项目对生态环境的影响。