秦峪滑坡的时空格局研究

秦峪滑坡是国道212线上最严重的滑坡之一,以前对其研究程度较浅,认识深度不够,导致该滑坡至今未得到有效治理。以地球系统科学为指导,在大量现场调研、现场测试和室内试验的基础上,对该滑坡进行了系统研究,研究成果表明,秦峪滑坡是一个在断裂带基础上发育的一个多层次、多期次大型滑坡群组合体。同时从物质和能量的转换角度,恢复演化时序,建立了滑坡的时空格局,并进而探讨其演化机制。研究结果获得了秦峪滑坡客观的本质认识,为国道212线秦峪滑坡的治理以及拟建兰州—海口高速公路的选线和设计提供理论依据。     

Effects of river-flow regulation on anuran occupancy and abundance in riparian zones

The natural flow regimes of rivers worldwide have been heavily altered through anthropogenic activities, and dams in particular have a pervasive effect on riverine ecosystems. Flow-regulation effects of dams negatively affect species diversity and abundance of a variety of aquatic animals, including invertebrates and fishes. However, the effects on semiaquatic animals are relatively unknown. We conducted anuran calling surveys at 42 study locations along the Broad and Pacolet Rivers in South Carolina to address the potential effects of flow regulation by damming on anuran occupancy and abundance. We estimated occupancy and abundance with Program PRESENCE. Models incorporated distance upstream and downstream from the nearest dam as covariates and urbanization pressure as an alternative stressor. Distance from dam was associated with occupancy of 2 of the 9 anuran species in our analyses and with abundance of 6 species. In all cases, distance downstream from nearest dam was a better predictor of occupancy and abundance than distance upstream from nearest dam. For all but one species, distance downstream from nearest dam was positively correlated with both occupancy and abundance. Reduced occupancy and abundance of anurans likely resulted from downstream alterations in flow regime associated with damming, which can lead to reduced area of riparian wetlands that serve as anuran breeding habitat. Our results showed that damming has a strong negative effect on multiple anuran species across large spatial extents and suggest that flow regulation can affect semiaquatic animals occupying riparian zones.