全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9338篇 |
免费 | 541篇 |
国内免费 | 1024篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 922篇 |
废物处理 | 317篇 |
环保管理 | 2259篇 |
综合类 | 4088篇 |
基础理论 | 896篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 564篇 |
评价与监测 | 200篇 |
社会与环境 | 1449篇 |
灾害及防治 | 205篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 75篇 |
2022年 | 164篇 |
2021年 | 230篇 |
2020年 | 204篇 |
2019年 | 190篇 |
2018年 | 168篇 |
2017年 | 248篇 |
2016年 | 265篇 |
2015年 | 246篇 |
2014年 | 363篇 |
2013年 | 619篇 |
2012年 | 623篇 |
2011年 | 685篇 |
2010年 | 502篇 |
2009年 | 479篇 |
2008年 | 430篇 |
2007年 | 678篇 |
2006年 | 651篇 |
2005年 | 508篇 |
2004年 | 483篇 |
2003年 | 445篇 |
2002年 | 434篇 |
2001年 | 368篇 |
2000年 | 382篇 |
1999年 | 305篇 |
1998年 | 227篇 |
1997年 | 193篇 |
1996年 | 138篇 |
1995年 | 125篇 |
1994年 | 95篇 |
1993年 | 85篇 |
1992年 | 66篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1971年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
991.
面向可持续发展的国家投资策略 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
张复明 《中国人口.资源与环境》2000,10(4):13-16
可持续发展战略逼迫投资创新,呼唤着新的国家投资策略。本文分析了可持续发展与投资创新的关系,系统地研究了可持续发展的投资策略,讨论了可持续发展的投资结构问题,有针对性地提出了可持续发展的投资政策建议。 相似文献
992.
Several international initiatives, including the European Biodiversity Strategy to 2020, promote the identification and mapping of ecosystems as basic tools for the conservation of biodiversity and related services. On coarse scales, the spatial representation of ecosystems is usually based on broad land cover categories that largely overlook important ecological and biogeographic features of the biotic communities they are meant to exemplify. This paper presents a nationwide ecosystem mapping approach that promotes a degree of thematic detail, which is more suited than that found in the continental maps to meeting biodiversity conservation targets in Italy. The approach is based on the rationale that current and potential vegetation cover are valuable proxies for outlining ecosystems. The resulting Ecosystem Map of Italy includes 43 types of forest ecosystems instead of the 5 woodland, forest and other wooded land types recognized at the European level. We outline the expected advantages of this enhanced thematic detail for a number of conservation purposes and highlight how the resulting maps may help to meet biodiversity conservation targets at the national level. In particular, we refer to the assessment of conservation status, the definition of restoration priorities, the planning of green infrastructure and the identification of collapse risks for the ecosystems identified. Comprehensively, the definition, characterization and assessment of ecosystem types represent the carrying structure of the recently launched national system of natural capital accounting. 相似文献
993.
Ozonation as final wastewater (WW) polishing step, following conventional activated sludge treatment is increasingly implemented in sewage treatment for contaminant degradation to prevent surface water pollution. While the oxidative degradation of chemicals has been extensively investigated, the in vivo toxicological characteristics of ozonated whole effluents are rarely a matter of research.In the present study, whole effluents were toxicologically evaluated with an in vivo test battery before and after full-scale ozonation and subsequent sand filtration on site at a treatment plant. One aquatic plant (duckweed, Lemna minor) and five invertebrate species of different systematic groups (Lumbriculus variegatus, Chironomus riparius, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Daphnia magna) were exposed to the effluents in a flow-through-designed test system with a test duration of 7-28 d.None of the considered toxicity endpoints correlated with the pollutant elimination. A tendency towards an increased toxicity after ozonation was apparent in three of the test systems showing [statistically] significant adverse effects in the L. variegatus toxicity test (decrease in reproduction and biomass). After sand filtration, adverse effects were reduced to a similar level like after conventional treatment. Solely the Daphnia reproduction test revealed beneficial effects after ozonation in combination with sand filtration.Results of the test battery indicate the formation of adverse oxidation products during WW ozonation. L. variegatus appeared to be the most sensitive of the five test species. Sand filtration effectively removes or detoxifies toxic oxidation products, as toxic effects were subsequently reduced to the level after conventional treatment. 相似文献
994.
针对榨菜腌制废水高盐高氮磷高有机物浓度的特征,提出"厌氧序批式生物膜反应器(ASBBR)-二级序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)-化学除磷"组合处理工艺,在前期对组合工艺中单元工艺的关键工况参数研究的基础上,考察组合工艺的处理效能。实验结果表明,采用该组合工艺,可使进水COD、NH4+-N、TN及PO43--P分别为10 000、345、550和38.5mg/L的榨菜腌制废水,处理出水COD、NH4+-N、TN及PO43--P分别达到93.6、12.3、18和0.1 mg/L,去除率分别为99.1%、96.4%、96.7%和99.9%,出水达到污水综合排放一级标准。 相似文献
995.
传统工业生产方式在可持续发展背景下面临严峻挑战,清洁生产应而生,它是持续利用资源,减少工业污染,保护环境的根本措施,本文就清洁生产在中国示范推广所产生的经济,社会及环境效益进行了综合论述。 相似文献
996.
Markéta Julinová Marie Dvořáčková Jan Kupec Jitka Hubáčková Martina Kopčilová Jaromír Hoffmann Pavol Alexy Anna Nahálková Ida Vašková 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(4):241-249
Improving biodegradability of PVA/starch blends is a reality already documented by a number of works. Admittedly, mechanical
properties of products (for example, tensile strength) are somewhat worse, but suitable composition optimizing or chemical
modifying of starch may eliminate the problem to a large degree. This work is an attempt to find another potential effect
influencing biodegradability, that of technological procedure for producing films from these blends on an extruder. The procedure
with a so-called pre-extrusion step (two-stage) and dry-blend (single-stage) produced blends of slightest differences in achieved
biodegradability (virtually within limits of experimental error) in aerobic (76 vs. 79%) as well as anaerobic breakdown (48
vs. 52%). Conversely, morphological analysis exhibited superior homogeneity of films prepared by the two-stage process; their
tensile strength was also higher. 相似文献
997.
BRIAN CZECH 《Conservation biology》2008,22(6):1389-1398
Abstract: The conflict between economic growth and biodiversity conservation is understood in portions of academia and sometimes acknowledged in political circles. Nevertheless, there is not a unified response. In political and policy circles, the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is posited to solve the conflict between economic growth and environmental protection. In academia, however, the EKC has been deemed fallacious in macroeconomic scenarios and largely irrelevant to biodiversity. A more compelling response to the conflict is that it may be resolved with technological progress. Herein I review the conflict between economic growth and biodiversity conservation in the absence of technological progress, explore the prospects for technological progress to reconcile that conflict, and provide linguistic suggestions for describing the relationships among economic growth, technological progress, and biodiversity conservation. The conflict between economic growth and biodiversity conservation is based on the first two laws of thermodynamics and principles of ecology such as trophic levels and competitive exclusion. In this biophysical context, the human economy grows at the competitive exclusion of nonhuman species in the aggregate. Reconciling the conflict via technological progress has not occurred and is infeasible because of the tight linkage between technological progress and economic growth at current levels of technology. Surplus production in existing economic sectors is required for conducting the research and development necessary for bringing new technologies to market. Technological regimes also reflect macroeconomic goals, and if the goal is economic growth, reconciliatory technologies are less likely to be developed. As the economy grows, the loss of biodiversity may be partly mitigated with end‐use innovation that increases technical efficiency, but this type of technological progress requires policies that are unlikely if the conflict between economic growth and biodiversity conservation (and other aspects of environmental protection) is not acknowledged. 相似文献
998.
建筑火灾风险评价体系的建立与应用探讨 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
田玉敏 《中国安全科学学报》2008,18(8)
探讨基于安全系统工程思想的建筑火灾风险评价指标体系的建立方法,并在该基础上,通过专家打分和层次分析法,计算得出各指标因子的权重值。根据有关标准和规范,对各评价指标因子进行等级划分,并设计出建筑火灾风险综合分值评分表,为厘定火灾保险费率提供依据。笔者的研究成果为完善建筑火灾风险评价方法、制定财产保险火灾风险评价标准等提供了科学依据。 相似文献
999.
1000.
南京市处于长江流域下游,是我国重要的农业生产基地,也是全国经济发达地区之一。它既有近郊的蔬菜生产,又有远郊的粮食作物种植,农田生态类型与农、牧、副的复合生态类型多种多样,而且其生产潜力很大。本文对南京市郊生态系统的建设进行分析研究,并着重探讨生态系统建设模式及土地合理利用,为建立合理的南京市郊区农业生态系统提供依据。 相似文献