排序方式: 共有61条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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基于覆岩空间结构理论,一面采空、两面采空边界条件下覆岩结构称为“O”型和“S”型,结合矿压知识及工程背景的特殊条件,将二者转换过程中覆岩结构定义为“O-S”型。在系统分析三种结构构成、运移规律和应力分布特征的基础上,对矿山动力事件进行分析与防治;现场侧向支承压力监测结果显示基于覆岩空间结构理论的结构构成及相关计算相似,现场顶板岩层离层监测结果显示基于覆岩空间结构理论的覆岩运移规律阐述可靠,工作面矿压特征监测结果显示基于覆岩空间结构理论的特厚煤层矿压特征分析与实际发生情况基本一致,研究可为类似条件下矿压特征分析与岩层控制提供一定借鉴。 相似文献
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RÔMULO RIBON†§ JOSÉ EDUARDO SIMON‡ GERALDO THEODORO DE MATTOS† 《Conservation biology》2003,17(6):1827-1839
Abstract: We studied the conservation status of Atlantic forest birds in 43 forest fragments ranging in size from 1 to 384 ha in the Viçosa region of southeastern Brazil. We compared data from 15 years of field work with historical records from the region, mainly originating from specimens collected by João Moojen during the 1930s. We used published studies associated with museum data and current field work to assess the decline of forest birds during the last 70 years and to relate their disappearance to forest fragmentation and destruction. At least 28 bird species have become locally extinct, 43 are critically endangered, and 25 are vulnerable, representing 60.7% of the original forest bird community known to exist in the region. Vulnerability to fragmentation differed among guilds, forest strata, and endemicity status. Birds that feed on fruit and seeds, and those that feed on insects, were more threatened than omnivores and carnivores. Nectarivorous species were less threatened than other guilds. Moreover, terrestrial and understory birds or birds using only one forest stratum also were more likely to have been threatened. Finally, Atlantic forest endemics were more likely to have become extinct than nonendemic species. In general, sensitivity to environmental disturbance at the local level was similar to the predicted vulnerability to regional disturbance derived from the literature. Our results indicate that a serious decline of Atlantic forest birds is underway and that many other species of birds, not previously recognized as threatened, are of conservation concern . 相似文献
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地层地球化学的研究范围正在日益拓宽.但其中心任务仍然是研究地层及其各类岩石中化学元素的分散与富集规律。实际上,元素的集散可回答成矿作用曾否发生,尤其是成矿作用发生的可能性问题.也就是地层含矿性的评价问题。本文以浙江省湖州─长兴地区地层岩石样品化学元素光谱分析数据为基本素材,对该区各地层组进行比较系统的地球化学研究.查明了各地层层位中Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn和B共六个成矿元素的丰度及其它地球化学特征,着重从地层中成矿元素的相对富集与贫化、后期作用叠加强度、变化性以及元纱共生组合几个方面考察地层中成矿元素的分散与富集规律,在此基础上确定地层含矿性评价的准则与标志,进而对地层的含矿性进行评价.以揭示本区主要矿产的可能赋矿层位。 相似文献
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皖南前南华纪岩石地层 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在地层构造区划分的基础上,系统论述了前南华纪岩石地层层序、宏观特征、沉积环境、原始构造环境。综合垂向序列的时间特征、原始构造环境、构造界面、将前南华系划分为两个构造层。第一构造层为蓟县纪-青白口纪早期弧后边缘盆地沉积。第二构造层为青白口纪晚期大陆裂谷火山-沉积岩。并以此为框架,对相邻地区的地进行了对比。 相似文献
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采煤区覆岩与地表沉陷控制技术研究及展望 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
煤矿开采引起覆岩及地表沉陷的控制理论与技术研究是涉及全球性灾害学科的研究内容之一。笔者通过对采动覆岩破坏特征的分析,提出了覆岩破坏与移动的“竖四带”的分区模式;并在评述传统控制技术及效果的基础上,介绍了覆岩与地表沉陷控制的新技术——离层注浆技术的原理、特点及应用前景 相似文献
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选取贵州赫章含煤岩系地层为研究对象,研究γ辐射剂量率、土壤氡气析出率,原煤、煤渣、土壤和水体(238U、232Th、226Ra、40K)的分布特征。结果表明,研究区γ辐射剂量率为43.10~323.24 nGy/h,小于520 nGy/h;原煤、煤渣和土壤的最大外照射指数Iγ分别为0.65、0.74和0.82,均未超过剂量限值1;赫章达依乡和六曲乡土壤氡浓度平均值分别为6 810 Bq/m~3和7 150 Bq/m~3,绝大多数小于20 000 Bq/m~3;区内含煤岩系地层的放射性核素和土壤氡析出率对环境影响较小。赫章含煤岩系地层原煤、煤渣和土壤样品中放射性核素238U、232Th、226Ra、40K多数低于贵州省土壤放射性核素背景值和我国土壤放射性核素背景值。通过单因子指数法对研究区放射性水平进行评价,多属无污染状态,水体放射性水平多数低于我国自来水标准。 相似文献