生物质气化洗焦废水的预处理和微生物降解

为了对生物质气化洗焦废水进行深度处理,达到废水排放标准,采用物理过滤和微生物降解相结合的方法,对洗焦废水的原液进行处理。实验结果表明,用木屑、颗粒活性碳、微生物降解的连续步骤处理生物质气化洗焦废水,可达到理想的生物质气化洗焦废水COD的去除效果。     

应用浮动生物滤清器除藻研究

根据浮游植物（藻类）与浮游动物（轮虫类）之间的生态食物链关系，Ｅｌｔｏｎａｉａｎ金字塔风言风语服动生物滤清器”（ＦＢＥ）、在该设备化虫（类）创造了一个生长、系列和栖息的地方，并让它澡类，应用该设备在不同地点进行了实际观测试验，其除藻效率达到８４％～９３％。     

An investigation of methods for enriching trophoblast from maternal blood

Trophoblast deportation is known to occur in normal human pregnancy, but it is not yet clear whether these cells routinely enter the maternal peripheral circulation and are available as a source of fetal DNA for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. To resolve this issue requires an efficient method of enriching trophoblast from maternal blood combined with a means to confirm its identity. Five different techniques were tested on ten retroplacental blood samples to determine the most sensitive and operator-efficient method. Lysis of red cells alone gave the best recovery of trophoblast but had to be discounted, together with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, due to the very low purity and the excessive time required. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of pre-enriched trophoblast resulted in the lowest recovery rate (8 per cent) despite a 3250-fold enrichment and a very high purity. Immunomagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with anti-CD 16 antibody proved to be the best method for the subsequent immunocytochemical characterization of deported trophoblast. However, IO beads coated with anti-CD45 antibody may be more useful for isolating trophoblast for prenatal diagnosis due to the high purity, enrichment (32-fold), and recovery rate (78 per cent) obtained with this method.     

Prenatal investigation of a 45,X/46,X,r(?) karyotype in amniocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization with an X-centromeric probe

The karyotype of cultured amniotic fluid cells obtained on the indication of advanced maternal age was shown to be a mosaic 45,X/46,X,r(?). The small size and banding pattern made it difficult to determine whether the ring was derived from and X or a Y chromosome, or even from an autosome. By using an X-centromeric probe and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we demonstrated the ring to have an X centromere. Thus, a more complete genetic counselling was possible. This confirms the usefulness of FISH in identifying and characterizing this and other chromosome rearrangements in prenatal diagnosis.     

铬渣的无害化处理和综合利用

铬渣产量大、毒性剧烈 ,是严重污染生态环境和危害人类健康的危险废物。介绍了铬渣各种无害化处理方法的解毒机理、工艺过程和应用实践 ,阐述了对铬渣进行综合利用的途径 ,并就铬渣的防治前景提出了建议。     

湿式脱硫除尘技术在开发应用中的几点看法

当前,随着经济的快速发展,全国燃煤量不断增加,二氧化硫、烟尘超标排放已导致严重的环境污染问题.二氧化硫、烟尘排放量的控制,可采用选用清洁煤,改变燃烧技术及末尾脱硫除尘技术.比较而言,烟气除尘脱硫技术是一种技术成熟较为经济的应用技术.其中湿式脱硫除尘技术已得到广泛推广与应用,但该技术中仍存在不能消除黑烟、二氧化硫脱除不稳定因素多、设备腐蚀问题.本文通过对实际测试结果分析及脱硫效率影响因素的分析,提出了相应的看法与建议.     

低浓度渣油-水系乳化液的抑尘性能现场试验研究

本文介绍了作者用渣油－水系乳化液做路面抑尘剂在某矿露天坑３种不同类型路面进行的大规模工业性试验。现场测定结果表明：这种路面抑尘剂可以获得比较理想的防尘效果，长期使用该乳化液可取得显著的综合经济效益。     

不同生物接触氧化方法对藻类的去除效果比较及其途径分析

比较了3种生物接触氧化法对富营养化水源水中藻类的去除效果，探讨其去除藻类的途径。试验结果表明：淹没式曝气生物陶粒滤池（I型）在4-6m/h过滤速度条件下，对藻类总数的去除效率稳定，平均为70%左右；采用YDT弹性立体填料的中心导流筒曝气生物接触氧化法（Ⅱ型）与直接微孔曝气生物接触氧化法（Ⅲ型），在试验初期对藻类总数的去除率较低，平均去除率分别为60.2%、51.6%。但随着生物膜厚度的增加，试验后期对藻类的去除效果逐步得到提高，平均达70%以上。生物膜对藻类的生物絮凝、吸附、生物膜的脱落沉降等是生物接触氧化法去除藻类的主要途径。     

脉冲电晕等离子体脱硫脱氮与除尘技术

脉冲电晕放电是产生等离子体的方法之一，目前已达到工业性试验阶段，该文对脉冲电晕等离子脱硫脱氮与除尘技术的形成过程进行了回顾，对其理论作了分析，并简介了工艺流程，还指出了目前存在的主要问题和需研究的关键技术。     

水葫芦对Zn2+、Cd2+和Fe3+的去除速率

通过静态水培实验和原子吸收分光光度法的测定,发现水葫芦对个别重金属离子累积去除率头两天为Zn≈Cd>Fe,以后为Fe>Zn>Cd;5天中,Cd2 在水葫芦老黄茎叶中的积累量增长了130 0倍;在混合离子培养液中,Zn2 的去除速率明显下降,而Cd2 和Fe3 变化不明显。表明水葫芦在治理含镉废水方面有良好的应用前景。