排序方式: 共有97条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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以模拟有机生活垃圾为底物,通过实验研究了通风和温度协同控制作用下,填埋短期好氧预处理过程垃圾VS、含水率和有机组分的代谢情况.结果表明,好氧预处理过程VS降解主要发生在反应前期(0~6d),占实验全过程降解量的68%~85%;同时垃圾含水量的15%~26%以渗滤液和气体的形式被去除,并且延长通风时间能够增加后者所占比例.反应前期堆体自发升温到高温状态(50~55℃)比控制堆体温度维持在中温状态(42~47℃)更利于碳水化合物的代谢,但对粗蛋白降解的影响不明显.而在中温状态下粗脂肪和木质纤维素的降解率更高.继续延长预处理时间至14d,不同通风和温度的组合对VS和水分总体去除差距不大.控制填埋好氧预处理周期在6d并尽量维持堆体温度在50~55℃,成本-效益较高. 相似文献
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匡志平 《防灾减灾工程学报》2004,24(3):268-271
结构物受地震作用的动力分析法可分为两大类,一类是确定性分析方法,另一类是概率性分析方法。随机临界地震响应分析法作为概率性分析法的一种,是指在地震激励均方值已知的条件下,找出使响应方差最大的临界地震激励。本文针对一单自由度水塔结构,在平稳高斯过程地震动输入下,运用随机地震响应分析法,求解了随机临界地震响应,并分析了控制临界地震激励的平均零穿越率的参数P、结构阻尼比、正交函数系的选择和项数等对体系随机临界地震响应的影响,得到一些有益的结论,对实际工程的运用具有一定的指导价值。 相似文献
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在南淝河15个排口采集了表层沉积物样品,在测定了其中溶解性有机碳(SDOC)含量的同时,采用紫外-可见吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱分析方法,并结合PARAFAC模型对沉积物中溶解性有机质(DOM)的荧光组分和来源进行了解析.结果表明:南淝河不同排口表层沉积物SDOC的含量在0.28~0.95g/kg之间,平均为0.63g/kg;老城区采样点沉积物SDOC明显高于其他河段,特别是靠近污水厂尾水排放口沉积物SDOC明显高于其他采样点.南淝河沉积物紫外-可见光吸收系数aλ可以很好表征沉积物DOM含量相对大小,而光谱斜率S275-295和光谱斜率比SR反映出各采样点沉积物DOM中自生源组分的差异;利用PARAFAC模型解析出DOM四种荧光组分,其中较老的自生源腐殖质C2和新近类蛋白C4所占比例高.南淝河不同排口沉积物DOM自生源组分比例存在显著差异,其中老城区排口沉积物DOM以自生源组分为主,而上游排口沉积物DOM陆源组分所占比例较高,雨污排口和污水厂尾水排口虽以自生源为主,但陆源的贡献不可忽略.结果表明,光谱分析方法能够有效表征城市河道不同排口污染源强. 相似文献
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在竖向点源作用下 ,地基表面的竖向振动随着源距的增大而衰减 ;但因在近振源区域受体波 (P波、S波 )影响大而在较远处受表面波 (R波 )控制 ,近、远场地表振动的定量衰减规律存在着较大的差异 ,可靠地确定近—远场的分界线便具有重要的学术和应用价值。本文在综述既有研究成果的基础上 ,通过比较Lamb问题的精确解和瑞利近似解 ,较为系统地对这一问题进行了分析 ,结果表明 :由地表竖向位移振幅确定的近—远场分界线较由其相位确定的为远 ,前者源距将随地基泊松比的升高和容许误差的减小而增大且目前的常见取值明显偏小 ,后者与地基泊松比的变化几乎无关。之所以分界线源距随地基泊松比升高而增大 ,主要是由于此时的P波波长增大的影响比S波和R波波长增大的影响要大而造成的。 相似文献
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Naiying Wu Honglin Huang Yong-Guan Zhu Yong Zhang 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(5):1613-1618
Phenanthrene uptake by Medicago sativa L. was investigated under the influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Inoculation of lucerne with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus etunicatum L. resulted in higher phenanthrene accumulation in the roots and lower accumulation in the shoots compared to non-mycorrhizal controls. Studies on sorption and desorption of phenanthrene by roots and characterization of heterogeneity of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots using solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR) demonstrated that increased aromatic components due to mycorrhizal inoculation resulted in enhanced phenanthrene uptake by the roots but lower translocation to the shoots. Direct visualization using two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM) revealed higher phenanthrene accumulation in epidermal cells of roots and lower transport into the root interior and stem in mycorrhizal plants than in non-mycorrhizal controls. These results provide some insight into the mechanisms by which arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation may influence the uptake of organic contaminants by plants. 相似文献
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载荷模拟的精度是振动试验模拟是否有效的决定因素之一.本文根据模态质量分析方法,讨论了基于响应功率谱密度的试验载荷等效性的动力学原理,给出了满足小阻尼稀疏模态特征的结构系统的简化表达式.简支梁和悬臂锥筒的数值模拟分析表明,采用本文方法设计的等效载荷可以取得足够精确的共振响应功率谱密度. 相似文献
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Lizhen Liu Boqiang Qin Yunlin Zhang Guangwei Zhu Guang Gao Qi Huang Xin Yao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1725-1732
Preliminary characterization of bound extracellular polymeric substances(bEPS) of cyanobacteria is crucial to obtain a better understanding of the formation mechanism of cyanobacterial bloom. However,the characterization of bEPS can be affected by extraction methods. Five sets(including the control) of bEPS from Microcystis extracted by different methods were characterized using three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix(3DEEM) fluorescence spectroscopy combined chemical spectrophotometry; and the characterization results of bEPS samples were further compared. The agents used for extraction were NaOH,pure water and phosphate buffered saline(PBS) containing cationic exchange resins,and hot water. Extraction methods affected the fluorescence signals and intensities in the bEPS. Five fluorescence peaks were observed in the excitation and emission matrix fluorescence spectra of bEPS samples. Two peaks(peaks T1 and T2) present in all extractions were identified as protein-like fluorophores,two(peaks A and C) as humic-like fluorophores,and one(peak E) as a fulvic-like substance.Among these substances,the humic-like and fulvic-like fluorescences were only seen in the bEPS extracted with hot water. Also,NaOH solution extraction could result in strong fluorescence intensities compared to the other extraction methods. It was suggested that NaOH at pH 10.0 was the most appropriate method to extract bEPS from Microcystis. In addition,dialysis could affect the yields and characteristics of extracted bEPS during the determination process. These results will help us to explore the issues of cyanobacterial blooms. 相似文献