Luminance of the Surround and Visual Fatigue of VDT Operators

Luminance distribution in the visual field is considered as one of causal factors with a significant influence on visual fatigue, especially for intensive and extended Video Display Terminal (VDT) work. The aim of the study was to define visual fatigue of VDT operators for different values of surrounding luminance. Experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions under 3 lighting conditions. Only 1 lighting parameter—the luminance of the wall behind the display (surrounding luminance)—changed. Visual fatigue was measured both by a subjective evaluation of different visual complaints (asthenopic symptoms) and by objective measurements of changes in the following visual functions: accommodation, convergence, habitual horizontal phoria, critical fusional frequency (CFF), and visual acuity. The same experiments were done for CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and LCD TFT (Liquid Crystal Display with Thin Film Transistor) screens. The results of the study have shown that there was no significant influence of the value of surrounding luminance on the asthenopic symptoms for either type of screen. A general tendency towards bigger visual complaints for LCD TFT than for CRT participants was found. An objective evaluation of visual fatigue demonstrated a tendency towards bigger changes in visual functions with an increase of surrounding luminance for both screens. Statistical analysis of the results has shown that surrounding luminance influences significantly the reduction of the accommodation amplitude (significance level < .05).     

光污染管理政策与LED广告屏干扰光限制标准分析

在调研国外光污染管理政策的基础上,分析了中国光污染管理政策现状,参照现行监测技术规范,开展LED广告屏光污染测量和标准限值比较。测量结果表明:中国城市LED广告屏屏幕亮度超标严重,除了亮度外,亮度变化幅度是影响周围光环境舒适度的重要因素,白色等明亮颜色是导致居民区照度升高的重要色调。标准限值比较发现,为更好地保护光环境,应严格限制LED广告屏亮度排放值,推荐采用亮度最大值作为评价指标。     

电厂脱硫系统检修过程中发现的主要问题和对策

脱硫系统作为电厂的主要环保设施,其安全稳定运行,直接影响到电厂的环保指标完成情况,本文主要介绍了田集电厂石灰石一石膏湿法脱硫系统在长达6年的商业运行中出现的主要问题：吸收塔喷淋梁冲损,浆液循环泵入口滤网导致吸收塔搅拌器故障停运、烟道积灰坍塌、脱水系统石膏含水量高、石膏输送皮带磨损严重及废水系统达不到额定出力,氧化箱频繁溢流等影响脱硫系统安全稳定运行,通过不断地摸索分析原因并根据现场实际情况进行的有针对性的改造,逐步提高脱硫系统运行的稳定性和安全性。